West Bengal Board Class 10 Physical Science Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Book Solutions West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Syllabus West Bengal Board 2023

Chapter 1 Concerns About Our Environment

Chapter 1.1 Physical Science and Environment:
How can we interpret our environment in terms of physical science? – Structure of the atmosphere, The ozone layer, Greenhouse effect, and global warming.

Chapter 1.1 Rational Use of Energy:
Should we not conserve energy for future generations? – Harnessing energy resources for sustainable development.

Chapter 2 Behaviour of Gases

Chapter 2.1 Behaviour in the Bulk:
How does a gas behave under different conditions? – Pressure exerted by a gas and its volume, Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, Absolute temperature scale, Corrjbining Boyle’s and Charles’ laws, Ideal gas, Avogadro’s law, Ideal gas equation.

Chapter 2.2 Behaviour at the Molecular Level:
How can we describe behaviour of gases at the molecular level? – Molecular picture of an ideal gas, Deviation from ideal behaviour.

Chapter 3 Chemical Calculations

Chapter 3.1 Stoichiometric Equations:
How to answer ‘how much?’ – Conservation of mass in chemical reactions, Weight versus weight calculations.

Chapter 4 Thermal Phenomena

Chapter 4.1 Thermal Expansion:
How do different materials expand on heating? – Coefficient of expansion for solids, liquids, and gases.

Chapter 4.2 Thermal Conduction:
Does heat flow equally well through all solids? – Thermal conductivity.

Chapter 5 Light

Chapter 5.1 Reflection at Spherical Mirror:
What happens when the reflecting surface of a mirror is convex or concave? – Reflection of light at the spherical surface, Geometry of a spherical mirror, Reflection in the spherical mirror.

Chapter 5.2 Refraction of Light:
What happens when a light ray travels from one medium to another? – Laws of refraction, Familiarity with the structure of a glass slab and a prism, Refraction through a glass slab and a prism. Deviation of light rays due to refraction.

Chapter 5.3 Lenses:
How does a lens differ from a glass slab? – Familiarity with the structure of spherical lenses (concave and convex), Refraction through a lens (convex and concave), Image formation by thin lenses, Simple camera, and the Human eye as application image formation by a lens.

Chapter 5.4 Dispersion of Light:
What happens when white light passes through a prism?
Dispersion of white light as a result of refraction through a glass slab and a prism the idea of monochromatic and polychromatic and polychromatic light.

Chapter 5.5 Light Wave:
What kind of wave is a light wave, and how many different kinds of light waves are there? – Frequency, wavelength, and velocity of a wave, Uses and adverse effects of UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray, and Scattering of light.

Chapter 6 Current Electricity

Chapter 6.1 Electric Current, Potential Difference & EMF:
How does the charge start moving? – Electric charge, Electric potential difference, EMF, and electrical cell as a source of EMF, Electric current.

Chapter 6.2 Ohm’s Law:
What is resistance? – Relation between potential difference and current in a wire: Concept of resistance from Ohm’s law, EMF and internal resistance of a cell, Resistivity and conductivity, Series and parallel combination of resistances, Domestic circuits.

Chapter 6.3 Heating Effect of Electric Current:
How do we measure the consumption of electrical energy? – Joule’s law on the heating effect of current: Concept of electrical energy, Domestic uses of the heating effect of current.

Chapter 6.4 Electrical Power:
Electrical Power, the concept of a kilowatt-hour, B.O.T.

Chapter 6.5 Electromagnetism:
How does a current-carrying wire interact with a magnet? – Action of electric current on magnet: Ampere’s swimming rule, right-hand grasp rule, Action of magnet on current carrying wire: Fleming’s left-hand rule, Working principle of the motor.

Chapter 6.6 Electromagnetic Induction:
How can we get electricity from motion? – Concept of induced EMF and induced current, Basic idea of direct current and alternating current.

Chapter 6.7 Electric Generator:
How does a generator work? – Working principle and functioning of an electric generator.

Chapter 6.8 Domestic Electrical Circuit:
How are electrical wirings done in households? – Components used in domestic electrical circuit, Schematic representation of domestic electrical circuit in simplest form.

Chapter 7 Atomic Nucleus

Chapter 7.1 Radioactivity:
What is radioactivity and how is it related to the atomic nucleus? – Nature of α, β and γ rays, and their origin.

Chapter 7.2 Nuclear energy:
How can we get energy from the nucleus? – Concept of mass defect binding energy and fission, Fusion.

Chapter 8 Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

Chapter 8.1 Periodic Table and Periodicity of the Properties of Elements:
What is meant by periodicity? – Brief history of the periodic table, Modern periodic table, Periodicity of properties of elements.

Chapter 8.2 Ionic and Covalent Bonding:
What holds the ions in a solid or atoms in a molecule? – Properties of ionic compounds, Ionic bonding, Properties of covalent compounds, Covalent bonding.

Chapter 8.3 Electricity and Chemical Reactions:
How are electricity and chemical changes related? – Electrolytes, Strong and weak electrolytes, Mechanism of electrical conduction in molten/solution states, Electrolysis, Applications of electrolysis.

Chapter 8.4 Inorganic Chemistry in the Laboratory and Industry:
Just how important are the inorganic chemicals? – Laboratory preparation of ammonia, Properties of ammonia, Major industrial uses and industrial manufacture of NH3 and urea, Laboratory preparation of hydrogen sulfide, Properties of H2S, Laboratory preparation and major uses of N2, Properties of N2, Industrial manufacture of HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4.

Chapter 8.5 Metallurgy:
How can we get the metals from their ores and use them? – Uses of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Al and their alloys, Ores, and minerals, Brief introduction to electronic theory of redox processes, Example of Thermite reaction, Metal corrosion: (a) Rusting of iron and its prevention (b) Corrosion of other metals and its health implications.

Chapter 8.6 Organic Chemistry:
How are some carbon compounds distinctly different from inorganic compounds of carbon? – Organic compounds are compounds of carbon, Tetravalency and catenation property of carbon, Structures of C2H6, C2H4, C2H2, Functional groups, Isomerism, Homologous series, IUPAC nomenclature of simple organic compounds, Industrial source and major uses of CH4, C2H4, C2H2, LPG & CNG, Reactions of CH4, C2H4, C2H2, Some other synthetic organic polymers, Biodegradable polymers, Uses and properties of ethyl alcohol and acetic acid, Harmful effects of methanol and ethanol, Denatured spirit.

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Blueprint for 1st 2nd Summative Evaluation WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Blueprint for 3rd Summative Evaluation

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Blueprint for 1st Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 40)

Theme/Sub-theme MCQ (Group A) VSA (Group B) SA (Group C) LA (Group D) Total
1. Concerns About Our Environment 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 5
2. Behaviour of Gases 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
3. Light 1 × 3 1 × 3 2 × 1 3 × 2 14
4. Periodic Table and Periodicity of the Properties of Elements 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 1 3 × 1 7
5. Ionic and Covalent Bonding 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 2 6
Total 7 9 12 12 40

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Blueprint for 2nd Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 40)

Theme/Sub-theme MCQ (Group A) VSA (Group B) SA (Group C) LA (Group D) Total
1. Chemical Calculations 1 × 1 1 × 1 3 × 1 5
2. Thermal Phenomena 1 × 1 1 × 2 3 × 1 6
3. Current Electricity 1 × 2 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 2 12
4. Electricity and Chemical Reactions 1 × 1 1 × 2 3 × 1 6
5. Inorganic Chemistry in the Laboratory and in Industry 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 1 3 × 1 7
6. Metallurgy 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 1 4
Total 7 9 6 18 40

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Blueprint for 3rd Summative Evaluation/Selection Test (Total Marks – 90)

Theme/Sub-theme MCQ (Group A) VSA (Group B) SA (Group C) LA (Group D) Total
1. Concerns about Our Environment 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 5
2. Behaviour of Gases 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
3. Chemical Calculations 1 × 1 3 × 1 4
4. Thermal Phenomena 1 × 1 1 × 1 3 × 1 5
5. Light 1 × 2 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 2 12
6. Current Electricity 1 × 2 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 2 12
7. Atomic Nucleus 1 × 1 1 × 1 3 × 1 5
8. Periodic Table and Periodicity of the Properties of Elements 1 × 1 1 × 2 3 × 1 6
9. Ionic and Covalent Bonding 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 2 6
10. Electricity and Chemical Reactions 1 × 1 1 × 2 3 × 1 6
11. Inorganic Chemistry in the Laboratory and Industry 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
12. Metallurgy 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 5
13. Organic Chemistry 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
Total 15 21 18 36 90

WBBSE Class 10 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 9 Physical Science Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Book Solutions West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Syllabus West Bengal Board 2023

Chapter 1 Measurement
Measurement and Units: Concept of measurement of physical quantities, units and utility of units, Different Systems [CGS, SI] of Units, Units of different quantities in different systems, all physical quantities do not have units (reason), Fundamental Units and Derived Units, Modem ideas regarding standard length and standard time, Units of Mass (1 kg, 1 g), Unit of volume (1L, 1 m3, 1 mL, 1 cm3, 1 dm3).

Units of quantities having very large and very small magnitude: Sizes of living organisms, from microorganisms to large living species, size of the universe (with the help of the unit of length and unit of time) from subnuclear to galactic objects.

Dimension: Dimensions of physical quantities. Use of exponents in the expression of units.

Measurement: Measuring instruments – the idea of least count, range of the instrument, and error in case of the following instruments only – scale, clocks, measuring cylinder, common balance.

Chapter 2 Forces and Motion
Rest and Motion: Role of the observer in deciding rest and motion. Translation is a change of position and rotation is a change of orientation. Difference between rotation and circular motion.

Equations of Motion: Displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration. Uniform and non-uniform motion among a straight line. Algebraic and graphical representation (through velocity-time graph only). Representation of displacement and acceleration in velocity-time graph.

  • Derivation of the expression s = v.t. from the velocity-time graph.
  • v = u + a.t from the velocity-time graph.
  • Establishment of the expression s = \(\frac{1}{2}\).a.t2 and s = u.t + \(\frac{1}{2}\).a.t2 from the velocity-time graph, when the particle is moving with a uniform acceleration.
  • Establishing the equation v2 = u2 + 2as from velocity-time graph.

Newton’s 1st Law of Motion: Force as the cause, and acceleration (change of motion) as an effect: (a) Effective force and balanced force. Addition of forces-Parallelogram law, examples from daily life. Resolution of forces, components examples, (b) Inertia of rest and inertia of motion.

Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion: Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion. Force is the cause, acceleration is an effect, and F = ma is the postulate (law). Mass is the intrinsic property of an object, determining internal resistance (using F = ma). Units of force (Dyne and Newton).

Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion: Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion. Action (force) and reaction (force).

Different types of forces: Forces of different types with examples. Tension is the force between different parts of a string or wire. The idea of normal reaction force.

Linear momentum: Introducing the concept of momentum for an object with variable mass. Necessity of linear momentum as a physical quantity. Statement of Newton’s 2nd law of motion by using the concept of linear momentum. Obtaining F = ma, from this statement when m is constant.

Conservation of linear momentum: Idea of conservation of linear momentum.

Chapter 3 Matter: Structure and Properties
The pressure of liquid and air: Fluid Pressure: Thrust, force per unit area, pressure of a liquid at a point, some characteristics of liquid pressure. Description of Barometer. Measurement of atmospheric pressure by Barometer and forecast of weather. Siphon and its applications; Archimedes’ Principle: Archimedes’ Principle. Buoyancy, floatation, and apparent weight. Density and Relative density; Surface tension: Idea of surface tension from examples of daily life. Factors affecting surface tension of a liquid; Viscosity: Viscosity is the friction of a liquid. Laminar or streamlined and turbulent flow. Density and viscosity are two different quantities. Terminal velocity of an object in a viscous medium. Rate of flow of liquid; Bernoulli’s Theorem: Bernoulli’s Theorem; Elasticity: Elasticity, factors on which elasticity depends, Stress, Strain, Hooke’s law, Elastic constants (Young’s modulus only), and Elasticity in daily life. Ductility; Brittleness; Malleability.

Chapter 4 Matter: Atomic Structure; Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

Chapter 4.1 Atomic Structure:
Discovery of the electron; Rutherford’s alpha particle experiment; Rutherford’s model of an atom; Limitations of Rutherford’s model; Discovery of Neutron; Electron, proton, and neutron; Qualitative presentation of Bohr-Rutherford model of an atom. Electronic orbits (K, L, M, N, shells); Isotope, isobar, and isotone; Nuclear force; Electronic configuration upto Z = 20; Absorption/emission of energy during electronic transitions between orbits.

Chapter 4.2 Mole Concept:
Mole as a unit of number. Avogadro’s number (NA) and its importance in chemistry, biology, and physics; Concept of gram atom and gram molecule; Atomic mass unit; Molar volume of gases at NTP; Use of molar mass, molar volume, and formula mass in chemical calculations.

Chapter 4.3 Solution:
True solution, colloidal solution, and coarse suspension; Diameter of particles in true and colloidal solutions and coarse suspension; Dissolution of small ions/molecules and macromolecules (protein, DNA, starch) in water; Different colloidal solutions (solid-in-liquid, solid-in-gas, liquid-in-gas, liquid-in-liquid). Emulsions and emulsifiers; Solubility of solids and gases in liquids; Saturated, unsaturated, supersaturated solutions; Crystallization; Concentration of solution and its units; Motion of particles in solution; Non-aqueous solvent.

Chapter 4.4 Acids, Bases, and Salts:
Arrhenius definition of acids and bases; Indicators; Industrial uses of NaOH, H2SO4, HCl, HNO3; Chemical properties of acids (H2SO4, HCl, HNO3; Chemical properties of alkali (NaOH); Safe handling of acids and bases; Importance of aqueous medium in respect of acid-base property; Qualitative introduction to pH; Effect of pH on tooth decay; importance of pH in agriculture and pisiculture; Acidic, basic and amphoteric oxides; Acidification of water due to dissolution of gaseous oxides (CO2, SO2, NO2), Neutralization, Antacids, Normal, acidic and basic salts.

Chapter 4.5 Separation of Components of Mixtures:
Distillation and Fractional distillation; Use of Separatory funnel.

Chapter 4.6 Water:
Physical properties of water that influenced proliferation and maintenance of life; Quality parameters of drinking water; Purification of water for drinking purposes; Soft and hard water; Water pollution; Arsenic compounds and fluoride in groundwater.

Chapter 5. Energy in Action. Work Power and Energy
Work: Definition of work, W = F.D. Unit of work. Work done by and against the force. No workforce; Power: Definition of power, p = w/t. Unit of power; Energy: Definition of energy. Potential energy. Kinetic energy. Conservation of Mechanical Energy.

Chapter 6 Heat
Calorimetry: Principles of calorimetry. Heat gained = Heat lost; Equivalence of work and heat: W = J.H; Latent heat: Change of state; Saturated and unsaturated vapour: Saturated and unsaturated vapour; Anomalous expansion of water: Effects of anomalous nature of water on marine life.

Chapter 7 Sound
Sources of sound: Vibration: Sound is produced by vibration. Mechanism of sound production in the human vocal chord. Some quantities are related to vibration amplitude, period, and frequency; Propagation of sound Wave: Necessity of medium for sound propagation; Waves: Longitudinal and Transverse wave. Some physical quantities related to waves: are amplitude, wavelength, period, wave frequency, and wave velocity. Relation among wave frequency, wavelength, and wave velocity V = n.λ; Some properties of sound: Reflection of sound. Echo. Reverberation of sound; Audible sound and its frequency range. Ultrasonic sound. Uses of ultrasonic sound; Characteristics of Sound: Loudness. Pitch. Quality of Sound.
The human ear and mechanism of hearing sound: Structure (Human ear). Sound Propagation through the different parts of the ear; Sound Pollution: Sound Pollution and its remedy.

WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Blueprint for 1st Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 40)

Theme/Sub-Theme MCQ (Group A) VSA (Group B) SA (Group C) LA (Group D) Total
1. Measurement 1 × 3 1 × 2 2 × 2 3 × 1 12
2. Force and Motion 1 × 2 1 × 3 2 × 3 3 × 1 14
3. Atomic Structure 1 × 3 1 × 2 2 × 3 3 × 1 14
Total 8 7 16 9 40

WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Blueprint for 2nd Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 40)

Theme/Sub-Theme MCQ (Group A) VSA (Group B) SA (Group C) LA (Group D) Total
1. Mole Concept 1 × 2 1 × 1 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
2. Matter: Structure and Properties 1 × 2 1 × 3 2 × 1 3 × 1 10
3. Solution 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 1 3 × 1 7
4. Acids, Bases, Salts 1 × 2 1 × 1 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
5. Work, Power, Energy 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 1 3 × 1 7
Total 8 7 10 15 40

1. In Group A: All the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) are compulsory. There will be no alternative to any question in this Group.
2. In Group B: VSA will contain – (i) answer in a single word or a single sentence, (ii) column matching, (iii) fill in the blanks, and (iv) true/ false type questions. In the first & second summative, there will be alternatives to a total of 3 questions from the same theme/sub-theme.
3. In Group C: In the first & second summative there will be an alternative to 3 questions from the same theme/sub-theme.
4. In Group D: In the first & second summative there will be an alternative to 3 questions from the same theme/sub-theme. In this Group, 3 marks may be broken as (2 + 1).
5. All alternatives should be internal i.e. an alternative to question (2a) should be designed as (2a) [Question] OR [Question], (2b), etc.
6. Each numerical question will have an alternative item from the same theme/sub-theme.

WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Blueprint for 3rd Summative Evaluation/Selection Test (Total Marks – 90)

Section Theme/Sub-Theme MCQ (Group A) VSA (Group B) SA (Group C) LA (Group D) Total
Physics 1. Matter: Structure and Properties 1 × 1 1 × 1 2 × 2 3 × 1 9
2. Measurement 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 5
3. Force and Motion 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
4. Work, Power, Energy 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 2 7
5. Sound 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
6. Heat 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
Chemistry 7. Atomic Structure 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
8. Mole Concept 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
9. Solution 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 8
10. Acids, Bases and Salts 1 × 2 1 × 2 2 × 1 3 × 1 9
11. Separation of Components of Mixtures 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 1 5
12. Water 1 × 1 1 × 2 2 × 2 7
Total 13 23 30 24 90

 

WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Blueprint for 1st Summative Evaluation WBBSE Class 9 Physical Science Blueprint for 3rd Summative Evaluation

1. In Group A: All the Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) are compulsory. There will be no alternative to any question in this Group.
2. In Group B: VSA will contain – (i) answer in a single word or a single sentence, (ii) column matching, (iii) fill in the blanks, (iv) true/ false type questions. In this group there will be alternatives to a total of 8 questions: alternative to 4 questions from Physics and 4 questions from Chemistry will be given. All alternatives will be from the same theme/sub-theme.
3. In Group C: (a) Eight (8) questions from Physics will have to be answered. There will be alternatives to 3 questions from the same theme, (b) Seven (7) questions from Chemistry will have to be answered. There will be an alternative to 3 questions from the same sub-theme.
4. In Group D: (a) Four (4) questions from Physics will have to be answered. There will be alternatives to 2 questions from the same theme, (b) Four (4) questions from Chemistry will have to be answered. There will be an alternative to 2 questions from the same sub-theme. In this Group, 3 marks may be broken as (2 + 1).
5. All alternatives should be internal i.e. an alternative to question (2a) should be designed as (2a) [Question] OR [Question], (2b), etc.
6. Each numerical question will have an alternative item from the same theme/sub-theme.

WBBSE Class 9 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 8 Science Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 8 Science Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 8 Science Book Solutions West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 8 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 7 Science Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 7 Science Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 7 Science Book Solutions West Bengal Board

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West Bengal Board Class 7 History Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 7 History Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 7 History Book Solutions West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 7 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 8 History Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 8 History Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 8 History Book Solutions West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 8 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 7 Geography Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 7 Geography Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 7 Geography Book Solutions West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 7 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 8 Geography Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 8 Geography Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 8 Geography Book Solutions West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 8 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 10 Life Science Book Solution in English WBBSE

WBBSE Class 10 Life Science Question Answer West Bengal Board

WBBSE Class 10 Life Science Book Solutions West Bengal Board

Chapter 1 Control and Coordination Living Organisms

Chapter 2 Continuity of Life

Chapter 3 Heredity and Some Common Genetic Diseases

Chapter 4 Evolution and Adaptation

Chapter 5 Environment, Its Resources and Their Conservation

WBBSE Class 10 Life Science Syllabus West Bengal Board 2023

Chapter 1 Control and Co-ordination in Living Organisms

Chapter 1A Sensitivity and Response in Plants:
Discussions should include the following along with relevant diagrams: Living organisms exist in changing environments. Some changes are favourable and advantageous, while others are unfavourable or harmful. Sensitivity is the ability of organisms to detect change and respond to it. Changes that are detected and lead to responses are termed stimuli. Stimulus is a kind of energy. All living organisms respond to stimuli of one kind or another. Many stimuli arise externally from an organism, but others from an organism’s internal environment. As most plants are anchored organ¬isms, plant responses are less evident than those of animals. Rapid movements by plants are extremely rare. Generally, plant responses are slow growth movements or turgor movements. Explain plant sensitivity and response citing movements in mimosa and Desmodium. Brief mention of the contribution of Acharya Jagdish Chandra Bose in discovering the sensitivity of plants. Brief mention of plant movement as a response to stimuli. Types of plant movement: Tactic, Phototactic, Tropic: Phototropic, Hydrotropic, Geotropic, Nastic: Photonastic, Thermonastic, Seismonastic, Chemonastic (Brief mention of the stimuli and response in each case and one or two examples of each with relevant diagrams.) Comparison between Tactic, Tropic, and Nastic movements in Tabular form.

Chapter 1B Response and Chemical Co-ordination in Plants – Hormones:
A brief discussion on plant hormones as substances responsible for sensitivity and response in plants. Also mention hormones as plant growth substances mentioning the phenomena of apical and lateral growth, flowering, bud break, germination of seeds, and tropic movement in plants. Brief mention of the source, mode of transport, functioning, and fate of hormones in plants. Brief mention of the origin, chemical constituent (mention C, H, O, N only), and the role (as mentioned below) of Auxin, Gibberellin, and Cytokinin in plants with relevant diagrams. Auxin: Promotes apical dominance and inhibits lateral bud growth, cell division and cell enlargement, root growth at very low concentrations, fruit growth, and control of tropic movement. Gibberellin: Breks seed and bud dormancy, elongation of internodes, fruit growth. Cytokinin: Promotes cell division, and lateral bud growth, delays leaf senescence. Chemical names of synthetic hormones are not to be mentioned. The terms synthetic auxin and synthetic gibberellin can be used. Mention the role of synthetic hormones – rooting of cutting, dealy of pre-harvest fruit crop, artificial auxin as herbicide, developing parthenocarpic fruits.

Chapter 1C Response and Chemical Co-ordination in Animals – Hormones:
Briefly mention the erection of body hair, maintaining a constant level of glucose in the blood, combating stress, maintaining blood pressure, controlling BMR, control growth and secretion of reproductive glands in animals. Briefly mention the need for regulatory chemical molecules namely hormones for controlling these functions. Explain the source (endocrine glands), chemical nature, mode of transport, functioning, and fate of hormones; Explain the role of the hormone as messenger and regulator (feedback control with an example – TSH and Thyroxine). Mention the differences between plant hormones and animal hormones (in tabular form). Hypothalamus: Controls hormonal secretions of the anterior pituitary gland & produces the hormones of the posterior pituitary gland (ADH and Oxytocin). They remain stored in the posterior pituitary gland and released later on. Pituitary: ACTH, GH, TSH, GTH (FSH, LH, ICSH, LTH/Prolactin), ADH, Thyroid: Thyroxine, Adrenal: Adrenalin, Nor- adrenalin, Endocrine Pancreas: Insulin, Glucagon, Gonads: Testes – Testosterone, Ovary – Oestrogen, Progesterone. The name of endocrine glands, their location, the hormones secreted, and their role in the human body are to be mentioned. Causes and symptoms of the following hormonal disorders are to be mentioned separately – dwarfism, diabetes insipidus, goiter, and diabetes mellitus. A diagram of the human body is to be provided to show the location of the endocrine glands mentioned above. Mention the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands based on the following features (in tabular form): (i) Presence or absence of ducts, (ii) Place of action, (iii) Product secreted.

Chapter 1D Response and Physical Coordination in Animals – Nervous System:
Explaination in brief about neural control and coordination with examples from daily life, setting the stage for introducing neurons, nerves, and the nervous system. One example may be running: leg muscles need extra supplies of glucose and oxygen – Lungs breathe faster and deeper and the heart pumps rapidly to supply oxygen and glucose to the muscles quickly – the brain detects changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide content of the blood and sends nerve impulses to the diaphragm, intercostal muscles, and heart. The coordination of different systems is thus brought by the nervous system. Discussions should include the following along with relevant diagrams: Irritability or sensitivity is a characteristic feature of all living organisms. It refers to their ability to respond to a stimulus. The stimulus is received by a receptor. It is transmitted by means of nerves. Finally, an effector (muscle and gland) brings about a response. Between the receptors and effectors are the conducting cells of the nervous system, termed neurons. These are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system. They are spread throughout the organism forming a complex communication network. Some common examples may be given to illustrate the pathway: Stimuli – Receptor – Nervecentre – Effector – Response (e.g. opening the door at the sound of a knock on the door/ doorbell). Mention the difference between the mode of action of hormones and the nervous system. Explain the structure and function of different parts of neurons (in tabular form with diagrams); Mention the neuroglia as supporting cells of the nervous system. A brief explanation of types of neurons – Sensory, Motor, Adustor/lntemeurone. A brief explanation of the inter-relationship between neurons, nerve fibers, and nerves (with diagram). Brief mention of Afferent, Efferent, and Mixed nerves with one or two examples of each. Brief mention of the formation of ganglia from the cell bodies of neurons and functions of ganglia. A brief explanation of location and function (Mention the role of neurotransmitter in the transmission of nerve impulse. Detailed mechanism of transmission of nerve impulse across the synapse not to be mentioned.) Central nervous system: Brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system: Cranial and spinal nerves. Autonomic nervous system: Sympathetic and Parasympathetic (In dendrogram format – Mention the types of nervous system along with the main parts of the brain and their regions). Cerebral cortex, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Mid-brain, Pons, Cerebellum, Medulla oblongata, Spinal cord (only location and one or two functions in brief in tabular form with diagram showing their locations). Brief mention of the location and function of Meninges and CSF. A brief explanation of reflex action with examples; Types – Inborn and acquired (with examples); Components of Reflex Arc with diagram (Receptor, Sensory neuron, Nerve Centre, Motor Neurone, Effector); Importance of different reflexes in everyday life – (i) Blinking eye (ii) Coughing (iii) Sneezing Eye (Outline structure and function in tabular form with a diagram showing different parts). Brief mention of binocular vision in humans and how it differs from monocular vision.

Chapter 1E Locomotion as a Type of Response in Animals:
Discussions should include the following along with relevant diagrams (for near and distant vision). Example from one daily life situation (Role of accommodation in case of pedestrians and vehicle drivers to avoid road accidents by taking note of obstacles, traffic signals, and road directions). The curvature of the lens can be modified to some extent by the ciliary muscles. The change in curvature of the lens can thus change its focal length. Accomodation is the ability of the eye lens to adjust its focal length. The eye adjusts the shape of the lens to keep objects in focus. Looking at distant objects: Ciliary muscles relaxed – Lens becomes thin – focal length of the lens increases. Looking at objects closer to the eye: Ciliary muscles contract – increasing curvature of the eye lens – Lens becomes thick – focal length of the lens decreases. Brief mention of the loss of power accommodation and in this context mention myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and their corrective measures (lenses used for correction) with diagrams. Cataract Brief explanation and corrective measure.

Chapter 2 Continuity of Life

Chapter 2A Cell Division and Cell Cycle:
Discussions should include the following along with relevant diagrams of DNA double helix (ribbon diagram), chromatin reticula, and chromosomes. Inside the nucleus of a cell, Fine reticulum-like structures are woven like threads around each other structures are DNA. DNA is a large biomolecule. The DNA remains in folded or partly open condition inside the nucleus, which is then termed as Chromatin Reticulum. In the folded condition, the DNA is wound tightly around proteins. This folded structure of DNA is termed a Chromosome. Chromatin reticula and chromosomes are actually different folding states of DNA molecules. Specific parts of the DNA carry the code for producing specific proteins which ultimately lead to the expression of different characters in an organism. Each of these parts of DNA is termed a Gene. Autosome and Sex Chromosome – Brief explanation with reference to humans. Mention the number of chromosomes in body cells and gametes in humans and briefly explain haploid and diploid states with reference to humans. Briefly explain the following in tabular form with diagrams Chromatid, Primary constriction or Centromere, Secondary constriction, oatelite, Telomere. Briefly mention DNA, RNA, and Proteins (Mention Purine and pyrimidine, 5C-Sugar, Phosphoric Acid, Histone, and non-histone proteins) – Structure and formula not to be included. Brief mention of euchromatin and heterochromatin. Brief discussion on the role of following cell organelles in cell division. Structural details not be mentioned, (i) Nucleus – it is the seat of the chromosomes that are to be divided, (ii) Cen- trosome and microtubule – Formation of spindle fibre, (iii) Ribosome – Helps in protein synthesis, (iv) Mitochondria – Supply energy required for cell division. Brief explanation of cell division and its significance (Growth, Reproduction, Repair). Amitosis, Mitosis, and Meiosis -Brief explanation mentioning the site of occurrence of each type with diagrams. Brief mention of the events (G,, S, G2, M) of the cell cycle with diagram and significance of the cell cycle (Mention that the loss of control at different points in the cell cycle results in uncontrolled cell division leading to formatting of tumor sometimes may becomes malignant and may result in cancer). Brief explanation with diagrams of different stages of Mitosis in plant and animal cells (Karyokinesis & its stages and Cytokinesis). Mention the difference between plant and animal mitosis based on the following features: (i) Formation of spindle fiber; (ii) Process of cytokinesis; Mention the significance of mitosis-growth, cell replacement & repair (eg. skin), regeneration (eg. legs in crustacean and arms in starfish), reproduction. Brief introduction of homologous chromosomes, sister and non-sister chromatid. A brief explanation of the following features of meiosis with the help of relevant diagrams: Separation of homologous chromosomes in Meiosis I as opposed to the separation of chromatids in Mitosis; separation of chromatids in Meiosis II (just like Mitosis); Reduction in chromosome number; Crossing over (exchange or segments between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes). (The stages of meiosis are not mentioned.) The significance of meiosis is to be mentioned (maintenance of constant chromosome number of a species, producing variation in organisms, formation of gametes, alternation of generation). The basic differences between mitosis and meiosis are to be mentioned in tabular form based on the following features – (i) site of occurence; (ii) nature of division of chromosomes (equational as opposed to reductional); (iii) number of cells produced.

Chapter 2B Reproduction:
Discussions should include the following along with relevant examples: Reproduction is the production of a new generation of individuals of the same species. It is one of the fundamental characteristics of living organisms. Reproduction is not necessary to maintain the life of an individual organism, unlike essential life processes like nutrition, respiration, or exertion. But reproduction is essential for the continuation of species. A brief explanation of the modes of reproduction with one or two examples of each – Asexual and sexual. Difference between asexual and sexual reproduction based on the following features: (i) Number of parents; (ii) Production of gametes; (iii) Dependence on mitosis or meiosis; (iv) Nature of offspring. Only the types are to be mentioned with examples and diagrams in tabular form. Detailed process not to be mentioned. Fission (Amoeba and Plasmodium), budding (Yeast and Hydra), fragmentation (Spirogyra), spore formation (Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Fungi), and regeneration (Planaria). A brief explanation of vegetative propagation with diagrams and one example of each type. Detailed process not to be mentioned. Types of vegetative propagation (brief explanation with one example of each): Natural – Root: Fleshy root (Sweet potato); Stem; Offset (Water hyacinth); Leaf: Adventitious bud (Bryophyllum). Artificial – Cutting, Grafting, and Micropropagation. Discussion on micropropagation should include only the following: ‘Micro’ refers to the small size of the material used, usually isolated cells or small pieces of tissue. The material is grown in special culture solutions (with added nutrients and plant hormones, particularly auxins and cytokinins), so the process is also known as tissue culture. Basically, it is the propagation of plants by tissue culture. This process ensures rapid propagation of desired varieties of plants. Brief explanation with a schematic diagram of alternation of generation with one example from germ. Discussions should include the following with relevant diagrams: (i) Different parts of a flower – sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels; (ii) Stamens and carpels – the reproductive parts of a flower containing germ cells; (iii) Stamen – male reproductive part; produces pollen grains of yellowish colour; (iv) Carpel – female reproductive part; consists of stigma, style, and ovary; ovary contains ovules and each ovule has an egg cell. A brief explanation of pollination and its types (self and cross-pollination) with examples and diagrams. Merits and demerits of self and cross-pollination in tabular form are to be mentioned based on the following – (i) the necessity of agents and (ii) the emergence of new characters in the offspring. A brief explanation of agents of pollination with one common example of each in tabular form – air (paddy), water (hydrilla), insect (mango), and bird (shimul). Discussions should include the following with relevant diagrams: Pollen grains transferred from the stamen to the stigma – male germ cells produced by pollen grain fuses with female gamete present in ovule – fusion of germ cells (fertilization) – zygote – divides several times to form embryo within the ovule – ovule gradually converts into seed and the ovary grows and ripens to form a fruit – seed contains future plant or embryo which develops into a seeding under appropriate conditions (Double fertilization and development of endosperm not to be mentioned). Discussions should include the following with relevant diagrams: Growth is a fundamental characteristic of all living organisms. The growth of an organism consists of a permanent and more or less irreversible increase in size and shape, commonly accompanied by an increase in solid matter, dry mass, and amount of cytoplasm. It is basically an irreversible increase in dry mass of living material. The development could be described as an increase in complexity. Starting with an individual cell, the growth of a multicellular organism can be divided into three phases – (i) Cell division – an increase in cell number as a result of mitosis and cell division; (ii) Cell enlargement – and irreversible increase in cell size as a result of uptake of water or the synthesis of living material; (iii) Cell differentiation – the specialization of cells; in its broad sense, the growth also includes this phase of cell development. Briefly mention the five phases of human development namely infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and senescence or late adulthood.

Chapter 3 Heredity and Common Genetic Disease

Chapter 3A Heredity:
Discussions should include the following with relevant examples: Members of a family share many similarities in appearance, such as height, eye color, and hair colour. People may also note that there are differences in the manner in which characteristics are inherited by offspring. Offsprings do not look exactly like their parents. An Austrian monk, Gregor Johann Mendel performed a series of simple experiments and discovered how heredity worked. Heredity is the transmission of characteristics or traits from one generation to another through reproduction. Sometimes alteration may occur in chromosome structure or number or there may be an alteration in a gene due to a change in DNA composition. This phenomenon is termed mutation. This permanent change in chromosome or DNA may result in a difference in the expression of characters, termed variation. A brief explanation of variation with suitable examples from human-free and attached ear lobe, roller, and normal tongue. Explain key terms associated with heredity with proper examples – (i) Characteristics or traits, (ii) Allele, (iii) Locus, (iv) Unit of inheritance (Factor/Gene), (v) Monohybrid and dihybrid Cross, (vi) Homozygous and heterozygous organisms, (vii) Hybridization, (viii) Pure and hybrid, (ix) Parental generation, (x) Filial generations (F,, F ), (xi) Dominant and recessive characteristics, (xii) Phenotype and genotype (Explain through sample cross). Mendel’s work on the pea plant is to be mentioned. Explanation of cross-pollination as practiced by Mendel (eg. removing another from a flower of a plant and transferring pollen grains from a flower of another plant to that flower with the help of a brush) with the help of proper diagrams. Reasons behind Mendel’s success to be mentioned. The seven pairs of contrasting characters as chosen by Mendel to be mentioned in tabular form with diagrams. Explanation of Mendel’s experiments on Heredity (Monohybrid and Dihybrid Cross) with examples from Pea plant and Guineapig using checkerboard. Explaining deduction of Mendel’s Laws (Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment) with reference to pea plant and guineapig. A brief explanation of incomplete dominance using the four O’Clock (Mirabilis jalapa) flower as an example. A brief explanation of the Process of sex determination in man with special emphasis on the role of the father in determining the sex of the offspring.

Chapter 3B Some Common Genetic Diseases in Population:
Symptoms and causes (autosome/sex chromosome) of thalassemia, hemophilia, and colour blindness are to be mentioned briefly. Discussions should include the following, Thalassemia is a type of genetic disorder where haemoglobin is produced in decreased amounts. The decreased amount of haemoglobin in the blood causes anemia, which reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. It also results in iron overload, either from the disease itself or from frequent blood transfusions. Iron overload may cause damage to the heart, liver, and endocrine system. The damage is characterized by excessive deposits of iron. Mention the role of genetic counseling in preventing thalassemia before marriage in families that carry the thalassemia trait.

Chapter 4 Evolution and Adaptation

Chapter 4A Evolution:
Discussions should include the following with relevant examples. The word evolution means change of life forms over a period of time. It is the central most important idea in biology that complex living organisms evolved from relatively simple ones. Evolution is the cause of biodiversity on earth. Brief outline of the chemical origin of life mentioning Miller and Urey’s experiment. Following evolutionary events to be mentioned with the help of schematic diagram (Not to be elaborated and time frame not to be mentioned): Formation of earth – origin of life – the origin of unicellular life – photosynthetic bacteria begin to release oxygen into the atmosphere – origin of multicellular organisms – fish-like vertebrates evolve land plants evolve, drastically changing earth’s landscape and creating new habitats – four-limbed vertebrates move on to the land. Lamerckism and Darwinism as put forward by Lamarck and Darwin respectively, to be explained with examples. Brief explanation of the evidence of evolution with examples and diagrams: Paleontological: Fossil history of Horse – increase in size, lengthening of limbs and feet, reduction of lateral digits, increase in length and thickness of the third digit; Comparative anatomy (examples to be mentioned): (i) Analogous and Homologous structures – convergent and divergent evolution to be mentioned; (ii) Vestigial organs; (iii) Structure of vertebrate heart (Fish, am-phibia, reptile, bird and mammal). Comparative embryology – At comparable stages of development, the vertebrate embryos all possess the following- external branchial grooves (visceral clefts) in the pharyngeal region and a series of internal paired gill pouches, segmental myotomes (muscle blocks) evident in the rail-like structure.

Chapter 4B Survival Strategies:
Adaptation: Discussions should include the following; A behaviour is an action carried out by an organism under the control of the nervous system in response to environmental cues or to the actions performed by an organism. A cue may be an odor, sound, or visual! signal. Put more simply, behaviour is what an animal does. Behavior allows animals to survive and reproduce and is, thus, critical to the evolutionary process. Adaptation is a modification in the form, physiological functioning or behavior of an organism over generations in response to environmental change in order to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. Adaptive character or adaptation evolves in a population of organisms by the process of natural selection. Brief mention of following adaptive features: (i) Morphological – Cactus (Conversion of leaf into spine or reduction in the number of Leaf); swim bladder of fish and air sac of bird; (ii) Physiological – Mechanism of salt adaptation in Sundri; Camel’s ability to withstand extreme water loss and the shape of RBC in Camel, (iii) Behavioural (Mention the following survival strategies with diagrams. Not to be elaborated further): Problem-solving in Chimpanzees: Chimpanzees pull leaves of a tree branch and then stick the branch into the entrance of a termite nest to “fish” for food. They also crack open nuts using pieces of wood in a “hammer and anvil” technique. They are even observed to eat the leaves of medicinal plants when infected with certain parasites. Communication in Honeybees: Honeybees go out to locate food sources. A honeybee returns to the hive after successfully locating a source of food, she performs the set of maneuvers on a honeycomb that resembles a figure 8 while waggling her abdomen. Based on the way she is dancing and the duration of her dance, other bees are able to leave the hive and quickly locate the food source.

Chapter 5 Environment, Its Resources and Their Conservation

Chapter 5A Nitrogen Cycle:
Discussions should include the following with relevant diagrams: Stages of the nitrogen cycle: (i) Nitrogen Fixation: Atmospheric, biological, and industrial (ii) Ammonification(iii) Nitrification (iv) Denitrification. Discussion should include the following: Human activities such as the use of fertilizers greatly increase the amount of nitrogen that is cycling between the living world and the soil, water, and atmosphere. This may result in Increased global concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas, in the atmosphere as well as increased regional concentrations of other oxides of nitrogen (including nitric oxide, NO) that may cause air pollution; Substantial acidification of soils and of the waters of streams and lakes in several regions.

Chapter 5B Environmental Pollution:
Discussions should include the following with relevant examples: Pollution is an undesirable change in the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of the biosphere that has adverse effects on living organisms and the environment. Mention the causes and effects of Air, Water, Soil, and Noise pollution in tabular form: Air pollution – Cause: Greenhouse gases, SPM Effect: Acid rain and its consequences, Lung disease; Water pollution – Cause: Agricultural runoff, pathogenic organisms; Effect: Disease (cholera, typhoid, etc.), Eutrophication; Soil pollution – Cause: Pathogenic organisms, Chemicals (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, etc.); Effect: Effect on human (through direct contact with soil or via inhalation of soil contaminats), Biological magnification; Noise pollution – Cause: Vehicle, Industry; Effect: Effect on human (ear and heart), effect on animals.

Chapter 5C Environment and Human Population:
Problems to be mentioned: over-exploitation and depletion of natural resources, deforestation and loss of ecosystems, shrinking of agricultural land, shortage of fresh water, air and water pollution, changes in atmospheric condition and global warming, destruction of wetland and its consequences, scarcity of food. Discussions should include a brief explanation of the environmental causes behind Lung diseases and cancer. Lung diseases; Asthma – a condition in which breathing is difficult; environmental triggers for asthma include naturally occurring triggers such as animal dander, plant pollen, dust & mold and manmade triggers such as chemicals. Bronchitis – inflammation of the airways of the lungs, can be caused by breathing in of certain chemicals or smoke; welders, firefighters, and smokers are some of the people at risk. Cancer: Cancers have been linked to environmental toxins (poisons). Pesticides, herbicides, and radioactive substances have the potential to cause cancer. Smokers are at increased risk for developing lung cancer. Tobacco chewers are at increased risk of developing oral cancer.

Chapter 5D Biodiversity and Conservation:
Explanation of biodiversity and its importance (with relevant diagrams and pictures) namely in producing food, drugs & medicines, maintenance of ecological balance, climate control, economic importance (construction of the house and household furniture, production of paper, gum, resin, wax, leather, silk, wool, pearl etc.), influence on art and literature. Discussions should include the following: Four of the 34 globally identified biodiversity hotspots are in India. These hotspots are the Eastern Himalayas, Indo-Burma, Western Ghats, and Srilanka, Sundaland. The reasons behind the loss of biodiversity to be mentioned (with relevant examples pictures and diagrams) – the destruction of habitat due to changes in land use patterns, hunting and poaching, global warming and climate change, pollution, over-exploitation, natural calamities, the introduction of exotic species. The following factors are to be mentioned: Destruction of mangroves due to urbanization, agriculture, freshwater crisis, destruction of habitat, pollution, disbalance in prey-predator number, and submergence of islands due to rising sea level. Brief explanation of the terms – in-situ and ex-situ conservation, in-situ Conservation – National park, sanctuary, Reserve Forest, and Biosphere Reserve. [One or two characteristics with two examples of each type (one from West Bengal and one from the rest of India) in tabular form] ex-situ Conservation – Zoological Garden, Botanical Garden, and Cryopreservation. (Mention two characteristics with relevant examples for each). Discussions should include the following: Joint Forest Management (JFM): It was instituted by the Government of India. The pioneer project started in West Bengal in 1971 for the restoration and management of degraded Sal forests by the local inhabitants of the Arabari forest in the district of West Midnapore in West Bengal. It was initiated to meet the demands of the people and save forests from destruction. It involves the participation of common people in the protection and management of forests. People’s Biodiversity Register (PBR): It is a documented register prepared with the involvement of local people containing comprehensive information on the availability and knowledge of the local biological resource, their use, and the traditional folklore knowledge associated with them. Mention briefly with pictures of the conservation efforts of Tigers, Rhinoceros, Lions, Crocodile and Red Panda in India. Mention the name and place of one of the projects undertaken for each of their conservation.

First Summative Evaluation: 40
Month of Evaluation: April
Internal Formative Evaluation: 10

  • Chapter 1 Control and Coordination in living organisms
  • Chapter 2 Continuity of Life
    • Chapter 2A Cell Division and Cell Cycle

Second Summative Evaluation: 40
Month of Evaluation: August
Internal Formative Evaluation: 10

  • Chapter 2 Continuity of Life
    • Chapter 2B Reproduction
    • Chapter 2C Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
    • Chapter 2D Growth and Development
  • Chapter 3 Heredity and Some Common Genetic Diseases
  • Chapter 4 Evolution and Adaptation

Third Summative Evaluation: 90
Month of Evaluation: December
Internal Formative Evaluation: 10

  • Chapter 5 Environment, Its Resources and Their Conservation

Note: Along with this theme, 4 themes from the first and second summative evaluations are to be included.

WBBSE Class 10 Life Science Blueprint for 1st Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 40)

Theme Group A Group B Group C Group D Total Marks Total Questions
MCQ
1 Mark
VSAQ
1 Mark
SAQ
2 Marks
LAQ
5 Marks
Chapter 1 1 × 5 = 5 1 × 5 = 5 2 × 3 = 6 5 × 2 = 10 26 15
Chapter 2A 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 4 = 4 2 × 1 = 2 5 × 1 = 5 14 9
Total 8 9 8 15 40 24

Group A – MCQ: All questions are compulsory. There will be no alternative for MCQ.
Group B – VSA: Out of 11 questions, 9 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme. VSA questions may be of four types – answer in one word or in one sentence, fill in the blanks, true/false, and match column A with column B. In column matching two points are to be kept in mind – (i) For each correct matching one (1) mark is allotted, (ii) There should be at least one (1) extra option in Column B.
Group C – SA: Out of 6 questions, 4 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme.
Group D – LA: 3 questions are to be attempted. Alternative question from the same theme is to be set for each question. 5 marks can be given as a whole or can be divided into 3 + 2 or 2 + 3.

WBBSE Class 10 Life Science Blueprint for 2nd Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 40)

Theme Group A Group B Group C Group D Total Marks Total Questions
MCQ
1 Mark
VSAQ
1 Mark
SAQ
2 Marks
LAQ
5 Marks
Chapter 2B,2C,2D 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 2 = 2 2 × 1 = 2 5 × 1 = 5 12 7
Chapter 3 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 2 = 2 2 × 2 = 4 5 × 1 = 5 14 8
Chapter 4 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 2 = 2 2 × 2 = 4 5 × 1 = 5 14 8
Total 9 6 10 15 40 23

Group A – MCQ: All questions are compulsory. There will be no alternative for MCQ.
Group B – VSA: Out of 9 questions, 6 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme. VSA questions may be of four types – answer in one word or in one sentence, fill in the blanks, true/false, and match column A with column B. In column matching two points are to be kept in mind – (i) For each correct matching one (1) mark is allotted, (ii) There should be at least one (1) extra option in Column B.
Group C – SA: Out of 8 questions, 5 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme.
Group D – LA: 3 questions are to be attempted. Alternative question from the same theme is to be set for each question. 5 marks can be given as a whole or can be divided into 3 + 2 or 2 + 3.

WBBSE Class 10 Life Science Blueprint for 3rd Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 90)

Theme Group A Group B Group C Group D Total Marks Total Questions
MCQ
1 Mark
VSAQ
1 Mark
SAQ
2 Marks
LAQ
5 Marks
Chapter 1 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 5 = 5 2 × 3 = 6 5 × 1 = 5 19 12
Chapter 2 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 5 = 5 2 × 2 = 4 5 × 1 = 5 17 11
Chapter 3 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 3 = 3 2 × 2 = 4 5 × 1 = 5 15 9
Chapter 4 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 3 = 3 2 × 2 = 4 5 × 1 = 5 15 9
Chapter 5 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 5 = 5 2 × 3 = 6 5 × 2 = 10 24 13
Total 15 21 24 30 90 54

Group A – MCQ: All questions are compulsory. There will be no alternative for MCQ.
Group B – VSA: Out of 26 questions, 21 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme. VSA questions may be of four types – answer in one word or in one sentence, fill in the blanks, true/false, and match column A with column B. In column matching two points are to be kept in mind – (i) For each correct matching one (1) mark is allotted, (ii) There should be at least one (1) extra option in Column B.
Group C – SA: Out of 17 questions, 12 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme.
Group D – LA: 6 questions are to be attempted. Alternative question from the same theme is to be set for each question. 5 marks can be given as a whole or can be divided into 3 + 2 or 2 + 3.
The question pattern is indicative of the Madhyamik Examination.

WBBSE Class 10 Solutions

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Book Solutions and West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

WBBSE Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

Group-A

1. Write the correct answer from the given alternatives

1. The process by which the height of the earth’s surface increases is ………….
Answer: Aggradation.

2. Deep cracks on the surface of the mountain glacier are called ………….
Answer: Crevasse.

3. Annual range of temperature remains minimum in ………….
Answer: Equatorial climate region.

4. Cold local wind that blows in Rhone valley of France is called ………….
Answer: Mistral

5. The place where warm and cold ocean currents converge is called ………….
Answer: Cold wall.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

6. When the distance between the earth and the moon is farthest, it is called-
Answer: Apogee.

7. In human body, contaminated water may cause ………….
Answer: Diarrhoea.

8. The main basis of state recognisation in India is ………….
Answer: Language.

9. The source of river Ganga is ………….
Answer: Gangotri glacier.

10. In India, the largest multipurpose river valley project is ………….
Answer: Bhakra-Nangal.

11. The state which ranks first in production of rice per hectare is ………….
Answer: West Bengal.

12. The required raw materials of iron and steel industry include.
Answer: All of them.

13. According to 2011 census the number of metropolis in india is ………….
Answer: 53

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

14. The latitudinal and longitudinal extension of million sheet topographical map is ………….
Answer: 4°x4°

Group-B.

1. If the statement is true, write ‘T’ and if false, write ‘F’ against the following :

1. Altitude of snowline varies with latitudes.
Answer: True

2. Wind velocity is measured with the help of Anemometer.
Answer: True

3. Salinity of sea-water is maximum in Equatorial region.
Answer: False

4. The highest plateau of India is Deccan Trap.
Answer: False

5. The old alluvial soil of Ganga plain is called Bhangar.
Answer: True

6. Vishakhapattanam is the only tax-free port of India.
Answer: False

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

7. Red coloured lines are used to show roads in satellite images.
Answer: False

2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words

1. Holes formed by abrasion on river bed are called pot holes.
2. Smog is formed by mixing of dust and fog during winter in industrial region.
3. Labrador current causes snowfall in New Foundland.
4. Waste paper is a solid/biodegradable type of wastes.
5. Tropical early jetstream forests south-west monsoon winds to blow over India.
6. The southernmost most paint of mainland India is kanyakumari.
7. Kolkata is the most populous city of India.

3. Answer in one or two words

1. Which type of rainfall is found in Temperate zone?
Answer: Frontal or cyclonic rainfall.

2. Which island of Sundarban was completely submerged due to global warming?
Answer: New Moore island.

3. Which type of natural vegetation is found in the desert region of India?
Answer: Xerophytes.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

4. On which quarters of moon, does Neaptide occur?
Answer: 1st and 3rd quarters of the moon.

5. In which part of the course, river Ganga is maximum polluted?
Answer: Middle course.

6. Name one Zaid crop of India.
Answer: Aus rice, nuts, pumpkin, cucumber, etc.

7. Which state of India leads in ‘Rain-water harvesting’?
Answer: Tamil Nadu.

8. Where is the headuarter of ‘Survey of India’ located?
Answer: Dehradun.

4. Match the left column with the right column.

1. Prominence of ozone gas a. Gurgaon
2. Research Institute of sugarcane b. Jammu & Kashmir
3. Largest automobile manufacturing industrial centre c. Stratosphere
4. Karewa d. Lucknow

Answer:
1- c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b

Group-C

3. Answer the following in brief

Question 1.
What is denudation?
Answer:
After weathring, when the weathered earth materials are remained from their position by erosion and mass wasting, the surface beneath the debris becomes open and forms a new landform. This process of opening up of the new surface of the landform is called denudation.
Denudation-Weathering + Erosion + Mass wasting

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

OR.

What is inversion of temperature?
Answer:
By the normal lapse rate, temperature reduces by 6.4°C with every 1km or 1000m rise in altitude. But in some cases, it is seen that temperature increases with increase in height or altitude. This phenomenon is known as the inversion of temperature. This is common in valleys of mountainous regions during early morning and late night

Question 2.
What is ‘Inter-tropical convergence zone’?
Answer:
The Inter-tropical convergence zone is the region around the equator, extending up to about 5°-10° N and S latitudes. It is called so because the Northeastern and South-eastern Trade winds meet in this region.

OR.

State the definition of ocean current.
Answer:
A continuous and regular horizontal movement of ocean water in a fairly defined direction over a great distance on the surface or sub-surface of the ocean is called ocean currents. they are mostly caused by wind direction, rotation of the earth, temperature, salinity and density of ocean water, prsence and location of landmass, etc. Ocean currents are of two types-warm currents and cold currents.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

Question 3.
Define waste management.
Answer:
Waste management is the method of collecting wastes scientifically, segregating then, taking steps for recycle, reuse and reduction, so that the ultimate damage or pollution caused by the wastes comes down to the minimum.

OR

What do you mean by radioactive wastes?
Answer:
Radioactive wastes are by-products of various nuclear technology processes. Industries generating radioactive wastes include nuclear medicine, nuclear research, nuclear power, manufacturing, construction, coal and rare-earth mining, nuclear weapons reprocessing, etc, Radioactive wastes include any material that is either intrinsically radioactive or that has been contaminated by radioactivity.

Question 4.
Where is Malnad region located?
Answer:
The Malnad region is located in the western part of the Karnataka plateau. This region is 320km long and 35km wide. It is highly dissected, and have deeply cut valleys.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

OR.

Name two watershed regions of India.
Answer:
The main watershed regions of India are :

  • The Himalaya and the Karakoram ranges.
  • The Vindhya-Satpura ranges.
  • The Western Ghats.

Question 5.
What do you mean by millet crops?
Answer:
Millets are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses, widely grown in India as well as around the world as foodgrains for man and fodder for animals. The millets are hardy grains that can grow well in dry zones as rain-fed crops, under conditions of low soil fertility and low soil moisture. Eg- Jowar, Bajra, Ragi, etc.

OR.

Name one agro-based and one forest-based industries of India.
Answer:

  • Agro-based industries in India: Sugar mills, rice mills, cotton textile industry, edible oil mills, tea industry, coffee industry.
  • Forest-based industries in India: Paper industry, match box and card board industry, rubber industry, furniture industry.

Question 6.
State the definition of satellite imageries.
Answer:
Satellite imageries are photographs of the earth and other planets captured by imaging satellites that are installed in space. These are prepared by reading and representing the signals sent by the satellites with the help of high technological know-how.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

OR.

State the use of Representative Fraction (R.F.)
Answer:
Representative Fraction (R.F) is a scale which is represented as a fraction that contains no unit. Hence, it can be used for any unit eg. cm to m or km, inch to feet, etc. It is readable and usable in any country with a unit system suitable to them.

Group-D

4. Give brief explanatory answers

Question 1.
State three differences between ‘Seif dunes’ and ‘Barkhans’
Answer:
Seif dunes

  • The term Seif comes from the Arabian word ‘Seif’ meaning a straight sword.
  • Formed like straight lines parallel to the wind direction
  • They are narrow and straight and look like parallel ridges.
  • They are very long dunes, Width is very less, but height may be a few be hundred metres.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019 1
Barkhans

  • The term Barkhan comes from the Turkish word ‘Barkhan’ meaning sand mountain.
  • Formed like a curve diagonal or perpendicular to wind direction.
  • They are crescent-shaped dunes. The windward side is convex and the beward side is concave.
  • They are not very huge in size. Widthh lies between 20-30m and height may around 30m.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019 2
OR.

Briefly explain any three factors to identify the mediterranean climate in Temperature-Rainfall graph.
Answer:
The Mediterranean climate can be identified with the help of the following factors :

  • Average annual temperature remains about 13°- 18°c
  • Average summer temperature is 14°-22°c
  • Average winter temperature is 10°-14°c
  • Average annual rainfall is 35-75cm, which mostly occurs during winter due to the moist westerly winds.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

Question 2.
Briefly discuss any three effects of wastes on environment.
Answer:
The effects of wastes on the environment are :

  • Solid wastes lying on the ground for a long time pollute the soil and water of the region. It may spread bad smell and cause air-pollution as well.
  • Chemical wastes coming from pesticides, insecticides, etc. Tend to reduce nitrogen content of the soil and reduce fertility. Numerous animals and microorganisms may get killed, and land may gradualy become unproductive.
  • Accumulation of wastes in rivers, lakes, ponds, oceans, etc. cause death of numerous aquatic plants and animals. Fishes may loose their reproductive capacity. Water ecosystems may get disrupted.
  • Wastes disposed on grounds change the chemical properties of soils. Soils may become acidic and salty and unfit for vegetation growth.

OR.

Briefly discuss the role of students in waste management from any three perspectives.
Answer:
Effective waste management is best achieved at household level, and students can take an active role in this process. They can take up the following steps-

i. Reduce waste creation :

  • Use towels and ceramic plates instead of paper napkins and disoposable plates.
  • Use biodegradable shopping bags instead of plastic bags.

ii. Reuse things :

  • Use old clothes, old toys, books, etc. from elders.
  • Make innovative items from discarded things Eg- Penstand from soda cans, Rags from old clothes.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

iii. Cleaning programmes :

  • Awareness camps and demonstration programms regarding garbage disposal.
  • Schools can arrange groups of students for regular survey, Whether the local people are following cleaning and garbage disposal systems or not.

Question 3.
Mention three differences about characteristic features of tropical evergreen and tropical deciduous vegetation of India.
Answer:

Tropical Evergreen forests Tropical deciduous forest
i. Tropical evergreen forests are very dense. i. Tropical deciduous forests are compartively less dense.
ii. The trees are very tall and highly branched. ii. The trees are moderately tall and branched.
iii. The trees do not shed their leaves altogether in one season. Thus the forest appears green throughout the year. iii. The trees shed their leaves together in the dry season, hence the name deciduous.
iv. The leaves of the trees create a canopy over the head of the forest and allow very little sunlight to penetrate the forest. iv. The leaves of the trees are comparatively smaller in size, hence do not create a canopy over the head of the forest. Hence, the forests receives sufficient sunlight.

OR.

Explain with examples the influence of raw materials on the developments of industries in India.
Answer:
Development of industries in any region is dependent upon various factors. Raw materials is one of them.

a. Availability of a certain raw material in a region determines the development of a particular industry in that region. Eg-Availability of coal and iron are along with other necessary raw materials in the Asansol-Durgapur belt has helped in the growth of iron and steel industry in that region.

b. Unless the particular raw material is available in a particular region, the related industry cannot grow, even if all other necessary things are available. Eg-Sugar industry cannot develop in Rajasthan due to unavailability of sugarcane in the vicinity.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

c. Nature of raw materials determines the location of the industry. Eg-Sugar mills must be located near the sugarcane producing regions, so that the canes can be moved to the mills very fast. If the raw materials are pure, like cotton industry can be located at the source of raw materials or at the market.

Question 4.
Briefly discuss about three main characteristic features of satellite imageries.
Answer:
The characteristic features of satellite imageries are :

  • They can supply complete weather information and imagery of a full hemisphere at a time.
  • Imageries can also be obtained in segments for detailed descriptions.
  • They help in resource surveys, for eg-locating huge collection of fishes in ocean water, monitoring agricultural yields, etc.
  • The informations collected by satellite imageries is digital, that can be easily analysed by computers.

OR.

Mention the merits and demerits of remote sensing.
Answer:
The merits of remote sensing are :

  • Remote sensing helps to conduct surveys of regions from very long distances with the help of satellites, without coming in physical contact with the region.
  • Surveys can be easily conducted during day or night time and on any kind of terrain.
  • Most of the work in remote sensing is done with the help of computers and other sophisticated machines, Hence, very little man-power is required.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

The demerits of remote sensing are :

  • Remote sensing is a very expensive affair, as it includes use of highly sophisticated computers and machineries and satellite services.
  • Remote sensing requires a special kind of training to analyse the images. Hence the images are not readable or usable for common people.
  • Sometimes large scale engineering maps cannot be prepared from satellite data which makes remote sensing data collection incomplete.

Group-E.

5. Answer any two questions from the following :

Question 1.
Describe with sketches three major landforms developed by erosional work of rivers.
Answer:
The different landforms developed by the erosional works of rivers are :

i. Gorge or V-shaped valley: In the upper course of the river, the down-cutting force is much more than lateral of side-cutting force of erosion. Hence the channel develops more depth than width, and takes the shape of a V-shaped valley.

ii Canyon or I-shaped valley: When the river flows through an arid region made up of nonresistant rocks, most of its energy is spent in down-cutting rather than widening of the valley. Thus the valley takes the shape of an ‘I’-shaped valley.
West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019 3

iii. Pot holes: Round disc-like depressions curved by the swirling water and rock fragments on the bed or floor of the river are called pot holes.
West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019 4

iv. Waterfalls : When water of the river falls freely from a height due to very steep slope, it is called a waterfall. They are further classified into rapids, cataracts and cascades.
West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019 5

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

Question 2.
Explain the factors responsible for the formation of equatorial low pressure belt and polar high pressure belts.
Answer:
The factors responsible for the formation of equatorial low pressure belt are:

  • The sun gives its maximum heat to this region through perpendicular rays. Hence, air gets heated, lightened and rises up.
  • Presence of huge water bodies and much heat leads to high rates of evaporation. The air gets filled with water vapour and becomes light.
  • Rotation of the earth tends to deflect air due to coriolis force.
  • Presence of vast forests add up to water vapour in the air due to transpiration.

The factors responsible for the formation of polar high pressure belts are :

  • The sun gives the most inclined rays to the polar regions. Heat is very less, hence the air is very cold and heavy.
  • There is very less water vapour in the air, as the rate of evaporation is very less.
  • Some air from the adjacent sub-polar low pressure belts rise and descend towards the poles, and increase the density of air over there.

Question 3.
Give an account of occurance of orographic rainfall with suitable example and diagram.
Answer:
Orographic rainfall is typically found in hilly and mountainous regions. When the moisture lader winds blowing from the sea strike against mountains, the humid winds rise up along the windward slope.

As they rise, they cool down and bring heavy rainfall to the windward slope. Such a rainfall caused due to hindrance or obstruction by a mountain is called orographic or relief rainfall. (‘Oro’-greek word meaning mountain).
West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019 6

Question 4.
Explain the causes responsible for the development of high tides and ebb.
Answer:
The causes responsible for the development of high tides and ebb tides are :
i. Gravitational pull of the moon: Although both the sun and the moon exert gravitational force on the earth the sun’s force is only 46% of that of the moon, due to its large distance from the earth compared to the moon. Hence, the moon’s influence on the tides is twice as strong as that of the sun.

The water of the earth nearest to the moon is pulled by its gravitational force. This makes the water on this side bulge, causing high tide. Waters on the opposite side also experience high tides at a comparatively lower scale. The areas perpendicular to these areas of high tide experience ebbs or low tides.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

ii. Effect of centrifugal force for rotation of the earth: Rotation of the earth causes generation of centrifugal force. Which tends to throw the waters outwards. This causes the rise of water as tides. The regions lying perpendicular to the regions of high tides experience ebbs or low tides.

iii. Gravitational pull of the sun: The sun also helps to cause tides. When it lies in the same side as the moon, it causes very big tides. When the sun lies in the opposite direction to the moon, it causes weaker tides.

2. Answer any two questions from the following :

Question 1.
State the differences between the physical characteristics of North and South Indian rivers.
Answer:
The differences between the physical characteristics of the North and South Indian rivers are :

North Indian Rivers South Indian Rivers
1. The North Indian rivers originate from the Himalayan range. Hence they are both rainfed and snowfed. 1. The South Indian rivers originate from the plateau region. Hence they are only rainfed.
2. The rivers are perennial, as they are both rainfed and snowfed. 2. The rivers tend to dry up in the dry season. Hence, they are non-perennial.
3. Most of the rivers exhibit their upper, middle and lower courses. Hence, they are ideal rivers. 3. Most of the rivers do not exhibit the three courses prominently. Hence, they are not ideal rivers.
4. The rivers are very long. They form ‘V’ and ‘I’-shaped valleys in the upper course. 4. The rivers are not very long. They mostly run through rugged regions and form less deep valleys.
5. The rivers are navigable in the middle and lower courses as the rivers are perennial and these regions have very gentle slope. 5. The rivers are not navigable as they are non perennial, and flow over rugged terrain.
6. These rivers have more number of tributaries. 6. These rivers have less number of tributaries.
7. These rivers carry a huge amount of silt and hence form big deltas at their mouth. 7. These rivers carry comparatively lower amount of silt, and hence form smaller deltas.

Question 2.
Give a brief account of alluvial and black soils of India.
Answer:

Alluvial soil Black soil
1. Formed by deposition of sand, silt clay and organic matter brought down and deposited by rivers. 1. Formed by weathering of basalt rocks.
2. The colour of the soil varies from lightbrown to dark-grey. 2. The colour of the soil varies from black to dark-brown.
3. Found in the river valleys of India, especially along the middle and lower courses. 3 . Found in the plateau region of Maharashtra, parts of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, parts of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
4. Alluvial soil is best for growing crops like rice, wheat, sugarcane, jute, etc. 4. Block soil is best for growing crops like cotton, tobacco, jowar, wheat, etc.

Question 3.
State favourable physical conditions required for cultivation of wheat.
Answer:
The favourable physical conditions required for cultivation of wheat are :

  • Temperature: Wheat prefers temperature around 155°c. The temperature should be low at the time of sowing, but as the time of harvesting approaches, higher temperature (about 21°c-26°c) is required for ripening of the crop.
  • Rainfall: Wheat thrives well in areas receiving an annual rainfall of about 75cm – 100 cm. In areas receiving rainfall less then 50cm, the deficiency is recovered by irrigation.
  • Frost: There should be atleast 100 frost-free days. Long gloomy or foggy weather is harmful for crop.
  • Soil: Chernozem is the best suited soil for wheat. It also grows well in light clayey or heavy loamy soil.
  • Land: Wheat grows well in well-drained slightly rolling plains

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

Question 4.
Discuss the importance of transportation system in India.
Answer
The importance of transportation system in India are –

  • Transport system helps in moving agricultural products, industrial raw materials, finished manufactured goods, etc to the required regions.
  • In helps in transportation of labor and other necessary things for the development of agricultural, industrial and other sectors.
  • It makes different products available to all the corners of the country, so that uniform development can be made possible.
  • It helps in growth of new towns and bigger cities and hence brings about urbanisation.
  • It helps to remove regional disparities and inequalities.
  • It makes administrative works easier.
  • It helps to raise the National Income and bring about socio-economic development of the country.

Group-F.

Locate the following with appropriate symbols and names on the given outline map of India. Attach the map with the answer script.

1. Vindhya mountain
2. Loktak Lake
3. River Mahanadi
4. One-rainshadow region
5. One mangrove forest region.
6. One desert soil region.
7. One sugarcane producing region of north India.
8. One heavy engineering industrial centre of eastern India.
9. Vishakhapathnam Port.
10. A megacity of western coast.
West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2020

OR
Answer any ten of the following questions :

1 Name the longest river of South India.
Answer: Godavari.

2 Which is the largest lagoon in the eastern coast of India?
Answer: Chilika lake in Odisha.

3 Name one tributary of Indus that flows through Punjab plain.
Answer: River Sutlej.

4 In which month kalbaisakhi occurs in India?
Answer: April-May.

5 Name a state having laterite soil.
Answer: Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

6 What type of natural vegetation grows on saline soil of India?
Answer: Mangrove vegetation.

7 Name one plantation crop produced in India.
Answer: Tea, coffee.

8 Where is the largest petro-chemical industry of India located?
Answer: Gujarat.

9 Name the most populous state of India according to 2011 census.
Answer: Uttar Pradesh.

10 What is the name of the international Airport of West Bengal.
Answer: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport.

11 What are the dry river vallays of the deserts called?
Answer: Wadis.

12 In which layer of the atmosphere, disturbances are found?
Answer: Troposphere.

West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2019

13 Name the highest peak of South India.
Answer: Dodabetta Peak.

14 Name and iron and steel industrial centre of West Bengal.
Answer: Kulti, Burnpur, Durgapur.