Detailed explanations in West Bengal Board Class 8 Science Book Solutions Chapter 9 Endocrine System and Adolescence offer valuable context and analysis.
WBBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 9 Question Answer – Endocrine System and Adolescence
1. Read the stories of page numbers 228-229, then fill up the chart: (See Text book page no. 234)
Story number | Hormone causing the incident due to hypo/hyper secretion |
1. | Testosterone hormone |
2. | Adrenalin hormone |
3. | Somatotrophic hormone |
4. | Insulin |
5. | Thyroid stimulating hormone |
2. Name the hormones which are responsible for the following symptoms. (See Text Book page no. 234)
3. Discuss in groups and enlist the physical and mental changes you have undergone in your growing stage, just as Phatik. (Page no. 235)
Physical changes | Mental changes |
Body is growing rapidly-in length and in size. Mustache is appearing, Softness of childhood and sweet charm of voice is disapearing. | Mind has become restless, it is impossible to concentrate on any work. Feel embarrassed. |
(Page no. 236)
1. Just as Phatik loved to play and do household jobs, you also love to do some activities. What do you like to do?
Answer:
I like to do the work that are done by elders.
2. How do you feel to be praised for your performance?
Answer:
I feel very pleased and happy.
3. How do you feel to be criticised for your performance?
Answer:
I feel as harmed and apologetic.
4. Did you feel the same even in your childhood?
Answer:
No.
5. What are the changes you have noticed in yourself as you grew up?
Answer:
I am increasing in height, mind is becoming restless.
(Page no. 237)
1. Which hormones help to make rapid physical changes during adolescent age?
Answer:
Estrogen and testosterone.
2. Which endocrine gland releases- these hormones?
Answer:
Gonad gland.
(Page no. 238)
Read the above 2 stories. Then discuss with your friends and answer the following questions —
1. Which hormones from which endocrine glands are responsible for Raju, Subho and Tumpa’s condition?
Answer:
Pituitary gland.
2. How do you tjiiak Raju and Subho can improve their condition?
Answer:
Their condition will improve when they will be a fully grown man.
3. What can Tumpa do to improve her condition?
Answer:
She will have to take proper care of her health, for this she may consult a doctor.
(Page no. 239)
What are the behavioural changes taking in 13-14 year old child?
1. short-tempered
2. busting into tears for a slight cause
3. fight with others.
4. show interest in doing any kind of work.
5. to feel jealous.
6. tell lies
7. addiction to watch TV or playing.
What should be done if you notice such behavioural problems?
Answer:
We should try to control ourselves.
1. How did you like the above two stories?
Answer:
The stories makes us aware of the risky behaviour during adolescence.
2. Who was responsible for burning Ali’s right hand?
Answer:
Ali’s behaviour was responsible.
3. What should Ali have done?
Answer:
Ali should not have taken the risk of bursting crackers in his own hand.
4. Who is responsible for Bablu’s flight?
Answer:
Bablu himself is responsible, as he feared that he might offend Montu da if he disobeys him.
5. What should Bablu have done?
Answer:
Bablu should not have gone to bring cigarettes for Montu da.
Class 8 Science Chapter 9 Question Answer West Bengal Board – Endocrine System and Adolescence
Multiple Choice Questions & Answers : (1 mark for each question)
Question 1.
Hypo-secretion of thyroxin is responsible for —
i) the growth of our muscles
ii) reduced power of heart
iii) rough skin
iv) Moon face
Answer:
iii) rough skin
Question 2.
A mixed gland is —
i) Pituitary gland
ii) Pancreatic gland
iii) both of the glands
iv) none of the glands
Answer:
ii) Pancreatic gland.
Question 3.
Adrenal gland is present over —
i) kidney
ii) lungs
iii) heart
iv) liver
Answer:
i) Kidney.
Question 4.
Glucose increases in blood due to —
i) estrogen
ii) testosterone
iii) Insulin
iv) Thyroxine
Ans:
iii) Insulin
Question 5.
According to WHO adolescence age is between —
i) 5-7 years
ii) 9-12 years
iii) 10-49 years
iv) 13-20 years
Answer:
iii) 10-19 years
Question 6.
In male moustache and beard occur due to the impact of —
i) Progesterone
ii) Testosterone
iii) insulin
iv) thyroxine
Answer:
ii)Testosterone
Question 7.
Testis is present in —
i) male body
ii) female body
Answer:
i) male body
Question 8.
Adrenalin hormone controls our—
i) glucose level
ii) emergency actions
iii) growth
iv) body temperature
Answer:
iv) body temperature
Question 9.
Somatotrophic Hormone is responsible for –
i) swelling of glands
ii) unnatural growth
iii) glucose comes out through urine
iv) face becomes rounded
Answer:
ii) unnatural growth
Question 10.
Insulin is responsible for —
i) swelling of glands
ii) unnatural growth
iii) glucose comes out through urine
iv) face becomes rounded
Answer:
iii) glucose comes out through urine
State whether True or False : (1 mark for each question)
1) Adrenal gland look like triangle is present over each kidney.
2) Adrenanil hormone is anti-diabetic hormone.
3) Estrogen is secreted from the female body.
4) The name of the reproductive gland in the female body is testis.
5) Estrogen and testosterone become active after a specific age.
6) During hyper-secretion, the thyroid gland squeezes.
7) The tendency of infection increases due to the increase of blood sugar.
8) Somatotrophic Hormone is called emergency hormone.
9) The age group 30-45 years are denoted as adolescent age.
10) WHO has identified ten Core Generic Life skills.
Answer:
1) true
2) false
3) true
4) false
5) true
6) false
7) true
8) false
9) false
10) true
Fill in the blanks : (1 mark for each question)
1) The different changes that occur from our birth, in mind and body is controlled by ………………….
2) After the completion of the work, the hormone is ………………….
3) …………………. play the vital role to control our emotional feelings like feeling good, depressed, crying and smiling etc …………………..
4) …………………. juice secretes from gestric glands.
5) …………………. gland is called master gland.
6) Dwarfism occurs due to Hypo-secretion of …………………. Hormone
7) Thyroxine is secreted from …………………. gland.
8) In hypo-secretion of thyroxine hormone growth of the child is ………………….
9) The …………………. is situated in the anterior position of our neck.
10) …………………. maintain the glucose balance in the blood.
11) Insulin is called hormone.
12) …………………. hormone controls our systolic and diastolic power of our heart.
13) …………………. and …………………. are called gonad.
14) …………………. is secreted from the testis gland.
15) The gland which Bas both endocrine and exocrine cells are …………………. gland.
16) Vasopressin secretes from …………………. gland.
17) …………………. hormone controls our different mental conditions like fear, conflict and fight responses.
18) During adolescence, ……………. and …………..occur in male due to the impact of testosterone hormone.
19) Teenage can also be termed as ………………….
20) Uncontrolled expression of happiness, anger or sorrow affects our …………………. and …………………. health.
Answer:
1) hormones
2) destroyed
3) hormones
4) gastric.
5) pituitary
6) somatotrophic
7) thyroid
8) restricted
9) larynx
10) insulin
11) anti-diabetic
12) adrenalin
13) ovary, testis
14) testosterone
15) mixed
16) pituitary
17) adrenalin
18) moustache, beard
19) adolescence
20) physical, mental.
Very Short Questions & Answers : (1 mark for each question)
Question 1.
Which is the main part of our body?
Answer:
The main part of our body is brain.
Question 2.
Where does Hormone originate?
Answer:
Hormone originates from different types of cell clusters or glands present in our body.
Question 3.
Where Pituitary gland is found?
Answer:
Pituitary gland is found in the base of our brain.
Question 4.
Name two hormones that secret from pituitary gland.
Answer:
Somatotrophic hormone. Thyroid stimulating hormone.
Question 5.
What is the function of pituitary gland?
Answer:
It controls different important physiological functions of our body.
Question 6.
Which hormone is called growth hormone?
Answer:
Somatotrophic hormone is called growth hormone.
Question 7.
Write a name of mixed gland.
Answer:
Pancreatic gland.
Question 8.
What happens due to hyper-secretion of Somatotrophic Hormone.
Answer:
Hyper-secretion causes increase in the length of bone, the height becomes 7-8 feet.
Question 9.
What happens due to Hypo-secretion of growth hormone?
Answer:
The height of an adult will become 3 feet and he will look like a child.
Question 10.
What happens when there is hyper-secretion of Thyroid stimulating hormone?
Answer:
The thyroid gland bulges out. As a result the neck becomes thicker.
Question 11.
Which hormone helps to increase the heart rate?
Answer:
Thyroxine helps to increase the heart rate.
Question 12.
Name two hormones that secrete from Pancreatic gland.
Answer:
Insulin and glucagon.
Question 13.
Which, hormone is called anti-diabetic?
Answer:
Insulin.
Question 14.
Which hormone is termed as emergency hormone?
Answer:
Adrenalin hormone.
Question 15.
Hypo-secretion of which hormone causes diabetes?
Answer:
Insulin causes diabetes.
Question 16.
Where Adrenal gland occurs?
Answer:
Like a triangle Adrenal gland is present over each kidney.
Question 17.
What is the name of the reproductive gland in female body?
Answer:
Overy.
Question 18.
Which hormones secrete from ovary?
Answer:
Estrogen and Progesterone.
Question 19.
What is the name of the reproductive gland in male body?
Answer:
Testis is the name of the reproductive gland in male body.
Question 20.
Which hormones secrete from testis?
Answer:
Testosterone.
Question 21.
Which is the smallest Endocrine gland?
Answer:
Pituitary gland.
Question 22.
Due to which hormone moustache and. bear occur in male body?
Answer:
Testosterone.
Question 23.
What is adolescence?
Answer:
The period between childhood and youth is called teenage. Teenage can also be termed as adolescence.
Question 24.
Which age has been marked by WHO as adolescent age?
Answer:
WHO has marked the age group 10-19 years as adolescent age.
Question 25.
Which hormone is related with diabetes mellitus? from where this hormone secretes?
Answer:
Insulin is related with diabetes mellitus. Insulin secretes from Pancreas.
Question 26.
If any one is afraid which hormone secretes from which gland?
Answer:
To control mental condition like fear Adrenalin hormone secretes front Adrenal gland.
Short Questions & Answers : (2 marks for each question)
Question 1.
What is hormone?
Answer:
Hormone is a chemical matter carried out through the blood. They may be produced in out body according to the need, probable be for only a second. Again, some hormones-are present in the blood throughout our life.
Question 2.
What is Exocrine gland?
Answer:
Chemical secreted from the gland passes from one place to another through a duct. This type of gland is termed as Exocrine gland, such as saliva from salivary gland.
Question 3.
What is Endocrine gland?
Answer:
Some other glands which have no duct mixes the secreted substance directly With the blood. Blood takes these hormones to their target cell. These glands are termed as Endocrine glands, such as Thyroid gland.
Question 4.
What is Receptor?
Answer:
After getting proper order, the hormone is produced in its proper position and then it reaches the proper target. That target is called Receptor.
Question 5.
How many types of co-ordination occurs in our body?
Answer:
Two types of co-ordination occur in our body —
- Nervous co-ordination,
- co-ordination through chemical-reaction.
Question 6.
What is mixed gland?
Answer:
There is another type of gland which are both endocrine and exocrine cells. They are mixed glands.
Question 7.
Where from Estrogen secretes? Write one of its function.
Answer:
Estrogen secretes from the reproductive gland ovary of female body. Estrogen helps to complete growth of the female body by increasing her bones and muscles.
Question 8.
Write two important characteristics of hormone.
Answer:
- Hormones are secreted from their source directly into the blood.
- They regulate the physiological process by chemical means. They affect the enzyme systems of the body.
Question 9.
Why pituitary gland is called master gland?
Answer:
Pituitary gland is called the master gland because it controls the growth and working of all other endocrine glands. Pituitary gland controls different important physiological functions of our body.
Long Questions & Answers : (3 marks for each question)
Question 1.
Explain the vital role that hormone plays in our body.
Answer:
The hormone plays a vital role in our body growth, metabolism, immunity, blood pressure, urin production, sweat production and also maintaining the heart system. Hormones also play the vital role to control our emotional feelings like feeling good, depressed, crying and smiling etc.
Question 2.
Why hormones are called chemical messenger?
Answer:
The activities in our body are highly complex and they need to be so regulated that every activity takes place at a proper time and in a correct sequence. Though this kind of regulation is done to some extent by the nervous system, another type of co-ordination occurs through chemical reaction. Hormones act as a chemical messenger in this type of co-ordination, so hormones are called chemical messenger.
Question 3.
Write some functions of Thyroxine.
Answer:
- This hormone helps to increase the heart rate.
- It helps to produce energy in our body.
- It helps to increase the use of oxygen in the cells of our body.
- It also helps to increase the muscle and bone of our body.
Question 4.
Why Adrenalin hormone is called emergency hormone?
Answer:
Adrenal gland secretes adrenalin during diferent emergency situation of our body. It prepares our body to combat with different emergency situation. So this hormone is termed as emergency hormone.
Question 5.
Write two functions of Somatotrophic hormone.
Answer:
- It promotes the growth of our muscles and bones.
- This hormone exerts some specific effect on protein metabolism by reducing protein metabolism and by reducing protein catabolism.
Question 6.
Where Pituitary gland exists? flow many lobes it lias?
Answer:
The pituitary gland is found in the base of our brain. It has two lobes. The upper part is called Anterior Pituitary and the lower is called Posterior Pituitary.
Question 7.
Write functions of Adrenalin hormone.
Answer:
- This hormone increases our respiratory rate.
- It controls our body temperature.
- It even controls our systolic and diastolic power of our heart.
- It controls urine production.
- It also controls our different mental conditions like fear, conflict and fight or flight responses.
Question 8.
What disorders occur due to hyper-secretion and hypo-secretion of Adrenalin hormone.
Answer:
During the hypersecretion of Adrenalin hormone our face become rounded and swollen, this state is called Moon face. The facial skin becomes rough and pale. Hairy out growth occurs in the woman. The healing of wounds takes time. Poor metabolism and weakness in the muscles occur during hypo-secretion of Adrenalin hormone.
Question 9.
What disorders occur due to hyper-secretion and hypo-secretion of Thyroxine hormone?
Answer:
Hyper-secretion of Thyroxine hormone creates bulging in thyroid gland. Sometimes it seems the eyes are coining out. It creates differences in blood pressure.
Hypo-secretion of Thyroxine hormone restricts the growth of the child. The swelling of abdomen occurs. The muscles become weak. The tongue comes out. The saliva secretion occurs. Among the adult, hypo-secretion of thyroxin creates rough skin.
Question 10.
What is life skill education? Name the ten core Generic life skills identified by WHO.
Answer:
Life skill education is a special behaviour which helps us to identify the various needs and provides strength to face challenges successfully. The ten Core Genesic life skills identified by WHO are —
- Self-awareness
- Critical thinking
- Decision making,
- Problem-solving
- Creative thinking
- Inter personal communication
- Interpersonal relationship
- Empathy
- Stress management
- Emotional management.