WBBSE Class 10 Geography Solutions Chapter 5.10 Transport and Communication System in India

Detailed explanations in West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Book Solutions Chapter 5.10 Transport and Communication System in India offer valuable context and analysis.

WBBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 5.10 Question Answer – Transport and Communication System in India

Answer in short: 2 Marks

Question 1.
List the different modes of transport.
Answer:
Roadways, railways, waterways, ropeways, pipelines, underground railways.

Question 2.
What is the Golden Quadrilateral ?
Answer:
The four important metropolitan cities of India, i.e. Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata have been inter-connected by four 6-lane National Highways. This is known as the Golden Quadrilateral. The total length of the Highways is 5,846 km.

Question 3.
What is the North-South Corridor?
Answer:
The National Highway that connects Srinagar in the north to Kanyakumari in the south, via Salem and Cochin, is known as the North-South Corridor. This is about 4000km long.

Question 4.
What is the East-West Corridor?
Answer:
The National Highway that connects Silchar (Assam) in the east to Porbandar (Gujarat) in the west is known as the East-West Corridor. This is about 3,300 km long.

Question 5.
What are inland waterways?
Answer:
Inland waterways lie within the country and connect various places through rivers, lakes, ponds or other waterbodies within the country.

Question 6.
What are international waterways ?
Answer:
International waterways connect two or more countries across the sea or ocean or along a river.

Question 7.
What is the importance of ropeways ?
Answer:
Ropeways help to connect two different places in a hilly region lying in two different hills. This reduces the physical distance between the places and also reduces the efforts of going upslope and downslope from one place to another.

Question 8.
What is the importance of pipelines?
Answer:
Pipelines help to transport liquid items, eg – mineral oil from mine areas to factories or from oil tanker ships to storage places can be done by pipelines. This reduces the risk of wastage and accidents.

Question 9.
What is the use of underground railways ?
Answer:
Underground railways, also known as tube railways or metro railways help to connect short distances through underground railway tracks. They are very fast and sophisticated.

Question 10.
What do you mean by communication?
Answer:
Communication refers to the process of getting in touch with people without actually moving from one place to another. This can be done with the help of telephone, radio, television, fax, internet, newspaper etc.

Question 11.
What are the different uses of cell phones?
Answer:
Cell phone is a modem mode of communication. It is portable to use and easy to handle. It can be used for calling, messaging, radio and television services, camera, GPS etc.

Question 12.
Name the different fields where internet can be used.
Answer:
Internet can be used in education, culture, medical treatment, trade, commerce, political issues etc. Internet helps to bring the world at the door steps.

Question 13.
What do you mean by transport ?
Answer:
The method of movement of goods and passenger from one place to another by physical displacement is called transport.

Question 14.
What are International roadways?
Answer:
Roadways that lie across the boundaries of adjacent or neighbouring countries are called International roadways.
e.g. :Kolkata-Dhaka roadway,
Raxaul-Kathmandu roadway,
Lahore-Amritsar – Delhi roadway, etc.

Question 15.
Classify the different type of roads found in India.
Answer:
(a) National highways
(b) State highways
(c) District road
(d) Village roads
(e) Border roads
(f) Expressways
(g) International roads.

Question 16.
What is the North-South Corridor?
Answer:
The North-South corridor is the National highway of India that connects Sri Nagar in the North to Kanyakumari in the south, touching Kochi and Salem. It runs for about 4000km.

Question 17.
What is the East-West corridor ?
Answer:
The East-West corridor is the National Highway that connects Porbandar in Gujarat in the west to Silchar in Assam in the east. It runs for about 3,300km.

Question 18.
How many trains ply in India per day?
Answer:
By 2013-14 Railway year book, in India, more than 21,000 trains ply daily, of which 13,000 are passenger trains.

Question 19.
How many passengers travel by trains everyday in India ?
Answer:
In India, according to 2013-14 Railway year book, about 2 crore 30 lakh passengers travel by trains everyday and reach more than 8,000 stations.

Question 20.
What is ‘Shipping Lane’ ?
Answer:
The particular routes taken by the cargo ships while transporting goods through the oceans are called ‘shipping lanes’.

Question 21.
What is ‘Shipping Line’ ?
Answer:
The companies whose ships and vessels ply in the oceans are called ‘Shipping lines’.

Question 22.
What kind of inland waterways are seen in India ?
Answer:
(a) Riverways
(b) Canals
(c) Lakes.

Answer in brief : 3 Marks

Question 1.
State the economic importances of transportation system.
Answer:
The economic importances of transport system are:

1. Utilisation of natural resources,
2. Movement of agricultural and industrial raw materials to factories and the finished products to markets,
3. Internal and international trade,
4. Increase of national income,
5. Regional specialisation of economic activities and employment etc.

Question 2.
What are the political importances of transport system ?
Answer:
The political importances of transport system are :

1. Security of the country,
2. National integration,
3. Rescue during disasters and accidents and distribution of food and relief,
4. Connecting remote comers of the country to developed areas to bring about overall development.

Question 3.
What are the social importances of transport system ?
Answer:
The social importances of transport system are :

1. Exchange of culture and education,
2. Urbanization and improvement of standard of living,
3. Removal of regional disparities.

Question 4.
List the importances of roadways.
Answer:
The importances of roadways are :

1. Different type of roads can be built to connect difficult and inaccessible regions.
2. They are beneficial for short distances.
3. Building and maintenance cost of roadways is lower than other modes.
4. Different types of vehicles can ply on roads.
5. They can be used anytime.

Question 5.
List the importances of railways.
Answer:
The importances of railways are :

1. Railways are faster than roadways and save time,
2. They help to connect distant places,
3. They can carry huge amount of goods and huge number of passengers at a time,
4. Once established, cost of maintenance is less,
5. They help to transport industrial and agricultural raw material as well as finished products,
6. They help to increase National income.

Question 6.
What are the advantages of waterways ?
Answer:
The advantages of waterways are:

1. They are cheap and have no cost of maintenance except dredging occasionally,
2. Huge volume of cargo can be transported at a time,
3. They enable national and international trade, exchange of culture and cordial relations with other countries,
4. The cause minimum pollution.

Question 7.
What are the importances of airways ?
Answer:
The importances of airways are:

1. They are the fastest mode of transport,
2. They can connect far off lands inspite of difficult terrain or presence of oceans in between.
3. They help in intemational trade, commerce, exchange of culture and maintaining cordial relations amongst countries.

Question 8.
What is internet?
Answer:
Internet is a mode of communication which connects the whole world like a net through computers. It is very useful in searching information of any kind through websites, sending letters or other information through e-mails, contacting several people throughout the world at a time through social network sites, etc. It is very helpful in education, culture, medical treatment, trade, commerce, political issues etc. Internet has helped to bring the world at the door steps.

Question 9.
List the problems of roadways in India.
Answer:
The various problems of roadways in India are :

1. Construction and maintenance of roadways incur a lot of cost.
2. India being a country of numerous rivers, cost of constructing roads increases manifolds for constructing bridges, lockgates and culverts over rivers.
3. Most of the roads are highly curved and not enough wide.
4. Road conditions become poor during the rainy season.
5. Traffic jams created on roads result in wastage of time, energy and money.
6. Roadways need constant maintenance and attention in order to give proper service.

Question 10.
What are the importances of ropeways?
Answer:
The importances of ropeways are :

1. This is very suitable for hilly regions and mine areas.
2. They attract many tourists in hill stations and act as a good source of national income.
3. Ropeways save both time and energy while transporting goods or passengers.
4. Trade and commerce through ropeways become very easy.
5. Relief materials can be sent very fast through ropeways during disasters and calamities.

Question 11.
List the importances of pipelines.
Answer:
The importances of pipelines are :

1. Pipelines are used to transport liquid materials like water, oil, natural gas, acids, etc. in different parts of India.
2. Pipelines can be constructed in landmass as well as in water bodies.
3. Pipelines save time and money for transportation.
4. Wastage of goods or resources is minimum.
5. Cost of maintenance is also low.

Question 12.
What are the problems of transportation through pipelines ?
Answer:
The problems of transportation through pipelines are :

1. Primary cost of construction is high.
2. Each type of product must be transported in a different pipeline.
3. Only liquid materials can be transported.
4. Lack of resources may keep the pipelines unused for long times.
5. Pumping machines and generators are needed.
6. Difficulties arise in repairing the pipelines constructed underground.

Answer in details : 5 Marks

Question 1.
Compare the roadways to railways.
Answer:

Roadways	Railways
i. They are the oldest mode of transport.	i. They have been developed after roadways.
ii. They are easy to build.	ii. They are difficult to build.
iii. Less cost of building and maintenance.	iii. High cost of building but less cost of maintenance once built.
iv. Many types of vehicles can ply.	iv. Only trains can ply.
v. Can be used at any time.	v. Trains ply at fixed times.
vi. Suitable for short distances.	vi. Suitable for long distances.
vii. Suitable for small bulk of goods and passengers.	vii. Suitable for huge bulk of goods and passengers.
viii. Used to connect different modes of transport as well.	viii. Does not connect different modes of transport.
ix. Comparatively slower.	ix. Comparatively faster.

Question 2.
Compare between transport by airways and waterways.
Answer:

Airways	Waterways
i. Fastest mode of transport.	i. Slowest mode of transport.
ii. High cost of aircrafts and fuel but no cost of maintenance of the airways.	ii. High cost of vessels and fuel but no cost of maintenance except dredging at times.
iii. Bulk of cargo and passengers can be transported.	iii. Bulk of Cargo and passengers is much more than airways.
iv. Very costly.	iv. Comparatively cheap.
v. Suitable for prishable products.	v. Not suitable for perishable products.
vi. Causes air pollution.	vi. Level of pollution is very less.
vii. Requires huge vaccant lands for constructing runways and terminals.	vii. Requires land only for construction of the ports, but usually vast warehouses and godowns are built nearby.

Question 3.
Discuss the role of transport system in the economic development of a country.
Answer:
Transport is a very impertant service sector that plays an immense role in the economic development of the country.

1. It helps to transport excess agricultural products to regions of scarcity.
2. Success of any type of agriculture depends much on transport system.
3. Transport plays an important role in modernisation of agriculture.
4. Decentralisation of different activities and organisations is dependent on transport.
5. It helps to increase national income.
6. It helps in collection of revenue from different sectors.
7. It helps in mobilising labour.
8. It helps in management and spread of an industry worldwide.
9. It helps in globalisation of different products.
10. It helps in coming up of new settlements and urbanization of rural areas.
11. It helps to remove regional disparities and inequalities.
12. Administrative works become easy with the help of population.
13. Transport system helps to maintain National Integration.

Question 4.
Describe the Golden Quadrilateral.
Answer:
The quadrilateral created by joining the four metropolitan cities of India i.e., Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai by roadways, is called the golden quadrilateral. The project was taken up by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAl) in 1999 on 2nd January. The main aim of the project was to construct 6-lane roads connecting these cities. Length of the roads constructed between the cities is as follows :

1. Delhi to Mumbai – 1419km.
2. Mumbai to Chennai -1240km.
3. Chennai to Kolkata – 1668km.
4. Kolkata to Delhi – 1453km. The project was completed in 2011.

Question 5.
Differentiate between the Transport system and the Communication system.
Answer:

Transport System	Communication System
i. Physical displacement of goods and passengers occur.	i. No physical displacement of goods and passengers.
ii. Deals with transport of goods and people only.	ii. Deals with exchange of news, informations, orders, decisions, etc.
iii. Several means of communication are – bus, lorry, train, tram, boat, ship, rocket, helicopter, etc.	iii. Several means of communication are – post, telephone, telegraph, telex, mobile phone, internet, e-mail, etc.
iv. A comparatively slow system.	iv. A comparatively fast system.
v. Chances of accident is very high.	v. Chances of accident is almost negligible.
vi. Cost of transportation is high.	vi. Cost of communication is quite low.

Question 6.
What are the problems of airways in India?
Answer:
The different problems of airways in India are :

1. Number of air routes in India is quite less.
2. Airways do not yet connect all the countries of the world to India.
3. Many big cities are not connected with airways.
4. The huge cost of air transport keep the common people away from it.
5. The airways are often not fed with other connecting transport systems adequately.
6. The fuel used in aircrafts is not available in India in huge amounts. It has to be imported.
7. The Indian airways companies face tremendous competition from the international airways companies.
8. Number of modern aircrafts and multi-speciality airports is quite less.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) : 1 Mark

Question 1.
Transport is needed to carry
(A) Goods
(B) Passengers
(C) Goods and passengers
(D) None of these
Answer:
(C) Goods and passengers

Question 2.
The oldest mode of transport is
(A) Railways
(B) Roadways
(C) Airways
(D) Waterways
Answer:
(B) Roadways

Question 3.
National Highways run between
(A) States
(B) Districts
(C) Metropolitans
(D) Towns
Answer:
(A) States

Question 4.
The National Highways connect
(A) Districts
(B) Cities
(C) Countries
(D) States
Answer:
(D) States

Question 5.
The National Highway connecting Srinagar and Kanyakumari is called the
(A) Golden triangle
(B) East-West corridor
(C) North-South corridor
(D) Bermuda triangle
Answer:
(C) North-South corridor

Question 6.
International waterways are found in
(A) Oceans
(B) Lakes
(C) Rivers
(D) Ponds
Answer:
(A) Oceans

Question 7.
National waterways are actually
(A) International waterways
(B) Inland waterways
(C) Local waterways
(D) Seaways
Answer:
(B) Inland waterways

Question 8.
The most speedy mode of transport is
(A) Ropeway
(B) Airway
(C) Railway
(D) Roadway
Answer:
(B) Airway

Question 9.
There are – international airports in India
(A) 10
(B) 11
(C) 12
(D) 13
Answer:
(C) 12

Question 10.
The Indira Gandhi International Airport is in
(A) Mumbai
(B) Kolkata
(C) Chennai
(D) Delhi
Answer:
(D) Delhi

Question 11.
The Chhatrapati Shivaji International airport is in
(A) Mumbai
(B) Delhi
(C) Kolkata
(D) Chennai
Answer:
(A) Mumbai

Question 12.
The ropeways are best for
(A) Plains
(B) Plateaus
(C) Hilly regions
(D) Deserts
Answer:
(C) Hilly regions

Question 13.
Which is a mode of communication ?
(A) Radio
(B) Car
(C) Airport
(D) Railway station
Answer:
(A) Radio

Question 14.
Internet works through
(A) Newspapers
(B) Computers
(C) GPS
(D) E-mails
Answer:
(B) Computers

Question 15.
The most recent mode of communication is
(A) Internet
(B) Roadways
(C) Radio
(D) Fax
Answer:
(A) Internet

Question 16.
The best mode of transport to cover long distances over land is :
(A) Roadways
(B) Railways
(C) Airways
(D)Waterways
Answer:
(B) Railways

Question 17.
In length of railways in the world, India ranks :
(A) 1 st
(B) 2 nd
(C) 3 rd
(D) 4 th
Answer:
(D) 4 th

Question 18.
The longest railways in India is :
(A) Northern railway
(B) Southern railway
(C) Eastern railway
(D) Western railway
Answer:
(A) Northern railway

Question 19.
Railways were started in India in :
(A) 1850
(B) 1851
(C) 1852
(D) 1853
Answer:
(D) 1853

Question 20.
Total length of railways in India is :
(A) 64,000km
(B) 65,000km
(C) 66,000km
(D) 67,000km
Answer:
(B) 65,000km

Question 21.
Head Quarters of Indian railway is located in :
(A) Delhi
(B) Kolkata
(C) Mumbai
(D) Bangalore
Answer:
(A) Delhi

Question 22.
The head quarters of Eastern railway is located in :
(A) Kolkata
(B) Bhubaneswar
(C) Guwahati
(D) Asansol
Answer:
(A) Kolkata

Question 23.
The headquarters of Western railway is located in :
(A) Bhopal
(B) Delhi
(C) Goa
(D) Mumbai
Answer:
(D) Mumbai

Question 24.
The longest National Highway of India is :
(A) NH-1
(B) NH-7
(C) NH-5
(D) NH-2
Answer:
(B) NH-7

Question 25.
The state highways are maintained by :
(A) Central govt.
(B) State govt.
(C) Local govt.
(D) Municipality
Answer:
(B) State govt.

Question 26.
The North-South corridor joins Srinagar with :
(A) Kanyakumari
(B) Digboi
(C) Chennai
(D) Vizag
Answer:
(A) Kanyakumari

Question 27.
Number of state highways present in West Bengal is :
(A) 12
(B) 15
(C) 17
(D) 19
Answer:
(D) 19

Question 28.
The length of inland waterways in India is :
(A) 14,500km
(B) 15,000km
(C) 15,500km
(D) 16,000km.
Answer:
(A) 14,500km

Question 29.
The largest port of India is :
(A) Kolkata
(B) Chennai
(C) Kandla
(D) Mumbai
Answer:
(D) Mumbai

Question 30.
The tax-free port of India is :
(A) Murmagaon
(B) Kochi
(C) Kandla
(D) Vizag
Answer:
(C) Kandla

Question 31.
The main tea exporting port of India is
(A) Paradweep
(B) Kandla
(C) Vizag
(D) Kolkata
Answer:
(D) Kolkata

Question 32.
A totally hightech and computer controlled port of India is
(A) Navseva
(B) Kolkata
(C) Murmagaon
(D) Chennai
Answer:
(A) Navseva

Question 33.
Metro rail runs in how many cities in India ?
(A) 8
(B) 7
(C) 6
(D) 5
Answer:
(C) 6

Question 34.
The busiest road of India is :
(A) NH-7
(B) G. T. Road
(C) NH-34
(D) NH-35
Answer:
(B) G. T. Road

Question 35.
The highest road of the world is :
(A) NH-7
(B) NH-2
(C) Leh-Lasa road
(D) Jammu-Kashmir road
Answer:
(C) Leh-Lasa road

Question 36.
The longest navigable river of India is :
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Godavari
Answer:
(A) Ganga

Question 37.
Highest density of roadways is in :
(A) Maharashtra
(B) Gujarat
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Madhya Pradesh
Answer:
(A) Maharashtra

Question 38.
Movement of goods and passengers from one place to another is called:
(A) Communication
(B) Movement
(C) Travel
(D) Transport
Answer:
(D) Transport

Question 39.
The northern and southern corners of India are connected by the :
(A) National Highways
(B) North-South corridor
(C) East-West corridor
(D) Golden Quadrilateral
Answer:
(B) North-South corridor

Question 40.
The eastern and western corners of India are connected by the
(A) Golden Quadrilateral
(B) East-West Corridor
(C) National highways
(D) District roads
Answer:
(B) East-West Corridor

Question 41.
The first metro rail in India was started in
(A) Delhi
(B) Bangalore
(C) Mumbai
(D) Kolkata
Answer:
(D) Kolkata

Question 42.
The largest national waterway of India is
(A) Brahmaputra waterway
(B) Allahabad Haldia waterway
(C) Mahanadi waterway
(D) Ernakulam-Kollam waterway
Answer:
(B) Allahabad Haldia waterway

Question 43.
The longest pipeline of India is between
(A) Nunmati-Siliguri
(B) Hajira-Vijaypur – Jagdishpur
(C) Barauni-Haldia
(D) Kandla-Mathura
Answer:
(B) Hajira-Vijaypur – Jagdishpur

Question 44.
Lowest transport cost is incurred by :
(A) Railways
(B) Roadways
(C) Waterways
(D) Pipelines.
Answer:
(D) Pipelines.

Question 45.
The office of the Inland Waterways Authority of India is located in :
(A) Kolkata
(B) Allahabad
(C) Noida
(D) Delhi
Answer:
(C) Noida

Fill in the blanks : 1 Mark

1. The ________ air transport in India provides off-shore and on-shore services to ONGC.
2. ________ is the deepest land-locked and protected port in India.
3. The National Highway ________ is known as the Sher Shah Suri Marg.
4. The Indian Railways are the ________ largest railway system in the world running with electricity.
5. The Indian railways have been divided into ________ zones.
Answer:
1. Pawan Hans
2. Vishakhapatnam
3. NH-1
4. Fourth
5. 18

State True or False : 1 Mark

1. The most important commodity in India’s internal trade is coal. [ ]
2. The Kolkata port is famous for exporting iron ore. [ ]
3. The Jawaharlal Nehru port is a port functioning with modern technologies. [ ]
4. The Namma Metro plies in Hyderabad. [ ]
5. Computers are the means of modern communication system. [ ]
Answer:
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True

Answer in few words : 1 Mark

Question 1.
What do you mean by ‘Transportation’?
Answer:
Movement of goods and people from one place to another.

Question 2.
Name the different modes of land surface transport.
Answer:
Roadways, railways.

Question 3.
Which is the oldest mode of transport?
Answer:
Roadways.

Question 4.
What are International waterways ?
Answer:
Waterways that connect two or more countries across the sea or ocean or along a river.

Question 5.
Name some major seaports of India.
Answer:
Vizag, Chennai, Paradweep, Mumbai, Kandla, Kochi etc.

Question 6.
Name the airport in Kolkata.
Answer:
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport.

Question 7.
What are underground railways also called ?
Answer:
Tube railways or metro railway.

Question 8.
Name some modes of communication.
Answer:
Telephone, radio, television, fax, internet, newspaper etc.

Question 9.
How do mobiles or internet communicate from one place to another?
Answer:
Through satellites.

Question 10.
What are letters written through internet called?
Answer:
e-mail.