Bhagya

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Book Solutions and West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2020 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

WBBSE Class 10 Geography Question Paper 2020

Group-A.

1. Write the correct answer from the given alternatives: 1×14=14

Question 1.
The process by which, soil and rock layers move down along the slope of highlands by gravity is called:
a. Weathering
b. Gradation process
c. Endogenic processes
d. Mass wasting process
Answer:
d. Mass wasting process

Question 2.
In pediplain, low lying hills of hard rocks remain as residual landform is called :
a. Yardang
b. Zeugen
c. Sand dunes
d. Inselberg
Answer:
d. Inselberg

Question 3.
“Horse Latitude” is located at :
a. Equatorial low pressure belt
b. Sub-tropical high pressure belt
c. Sub-polar low pressure belt
d. Polar high pressure belt
Answer:
b. Sub-tropical high pressure belt

Question 4.
Diurnal range of temperature is maximum in :
a. Equatorial climatic region
b. Hot desert climatic region
c. Tropical Monsoon climatic region
d. Mediterranean climatic region
Answer:
b. Hot desert climatic region

Question 5.
The formation of ocean currents depend on :
a. Prevailing winds
b. Earth’s revolution
c. Sand banks
d. All of them are applicable
Answer:
a. Prevailing winds

Question 6.
The time difference between high and low tides at a place is nearly :
a. more than two hours
b. more than six hours
c. more than four hours
d. more than eight hours
Answer:
b. more than six hours

Question 7.
Carbon particles emitted by vehicles are controlled by use of :
a. Cyclone Separators
b. Electrostatic Precipitator
c. Scrubber
d. Coated Alumina
Answer:
c. Scrubber

Question 8.
Parallel of latitude, passing through the middle of India is :
a. Equator
b. Tropic of Capricorn
c. Prime Meridian
d. Tropic of Cancer
Answer:
d. Tropic of Cancer

Question 9.
The lake located, in between the deltas of Godavari and Krishna rivers is :
a. Kolleru
b. Pulicat
c. Chilka
d. Vembanad
Answer:
a. Kolleru

Question 10.
The most extensive method of irrigation, practiced in India is :
a. Wells and tube wells
b. Tanks
c. Canals
d. Sprinkler
Answer:
a. Wells and tube wells

Question 11.
Western disturbances occur in India during :
a. Summer season
b. Autumn season
c. Rainy season
d. Winter season
Answer:
d. Winter season

Question 12.
Salty sea breeze is needed for :
a. Sugar cultivation
b. Tea cultivation
c. Jute cultivation
d. Coffee cultivation
Answer:
a. Sugar cultivation

Question 13.
Petro-chemical industrial centre of West Bengal is located at :
a. Junput
b. Kolkata
c. Sankarpur
d. Haldia
Answer:
d. Haldia

Question 14.
The colour used for drawing of contour lines in topographical map is :
a. Brown
b. Black
c. Red
d. Blue
Answer:
a. Brown

Group-B.

1. If the statement is true, write ‘T’ and if false, write ‘F’ against the following answer any six: 1×6=6

1. The confluence of Alakananda and Bhagirathi rivers is at Devprayag.
Answer: True

2. Mistral is a warm local wind which blows over Rhone valley in France.
Answer: False

3. Floods occur in India in the years of El-Nino.
Answer: False

4. The position of sun, moon and earth along a straight line is known as syzygy.
Answer: True

5. Papers may be manufactured by recycling newspapers as raw material.
Answer: True

6. The soil composed of pebbles, sands and silts, found along the foothills of Siwalik is called bet.
Answer: False

7. For analysis of satellite imageries, use of computer is mandatory.
Answer: True

2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words answer any six: 1×6=6

1. The process of modifying landforms by combined action of erosion and weathering is called ……..
Answer: Gradation

2. Oases are formed by ………………… action of wind.
Answer: Erosional/Deflational/Blouring

3. With the increase of air pressure gradient, wind velocity ………..
Answer: Increases

4. The cold ocean water from polar region flows as ………………… current towards equator.
Answer: Cold

5 The longest national highway of India is NH …………..
Answer: 44

6. Indian Space Research Centre is situated at …………..
Answer: Thiruvananthapuram

7. In short, electronic waste is known as ………….. waste.
Answer: e

3. Answer in one or two words answer any six: 1×6=6

1. Name the largest valley glacier of the world.
2 Where in the atmosphere over the earth surface ozone hole was first discovered?
3 Name the southern-most mountain pass of Western Ghats.
4 What is the local name of the lagoons in Kerala coast?
5 Name the highest waterfall of India.
6 In which city of India underground rail first started its journey?
7 Which is the most populous state of India?
8 In what form the satellite imagery is produced?
Answer:
1. Lambert glacier in Antarctica.
2. Antarctica
3. Pal ghat (Palakkad gap)
4. Kayal
5. Kunchikal waterfalls of karnataka
6. Kolkata
7. Uttar Pradesh
8. Digital form

4. Match the Left Column with the Right Column:1×4=4

A	B
1. Ratna	a. Pine
2. Coniferous forest	b. Murmagaon
3. Railway coach manufacturing centre	c. High-yielding variety rice seed
4. Iron ore exporting port	d. Perambur

Answer:
1-c, 2-a , 3-d, 4 -b

Group-C.

3. Answer the inflowing in brief (Alternatives should be noted): 2×6=12

Question 1.
What is Plunge Pool?
OR Define Loess.
Answer:
The depression or hole created at the foot of a waterfall due to falling or plunging of water along with rock fragments with high velocity, is known as a plunge pool.

OR.
Plains formed by deposition of fine sand particles carried by wind far away from the place where they belong, are called loess or loess plains. Eg-A loess plain has been formed along the valley of river Hwang Ho in China, due to deposition of sand blows away from the gobi desert.

Question 2.
What is relative humidity?
OR, What do you mean by Perigean tide?
Answer:
The ratio of the amount of water vapour present in the air mass at a given temperature of a place, to the maximum quantity of water vapour that the air can hold at that particular temperature, is known as relative humidity. It is expressed as a percentage.

Relative humidity
\(=\frac{\text { Actual amount of water vapour present in air }}{\text { Maximum amount of water vapour the air can hold at that temperature }} \times 100\)
Or
\(\text { Relative humidity }=\frac{\text { Absolute humidity }}{\text { Humidity capacity }} \times 100\)
Or
A perigean tide occurs when the moon comes closest to the earth (on a new moon or full moon day) while revolving around the earth on its orbit. The strongest perigean tide occurs three or four times a year when a perigee (nearest position of the moon to the earth) coincides with a spring tide (When the sun, the moon and the earth are nearly aligned in every two weeks).

Question 3.
What is a landfill in waste management?
OR
Define municipal wastes.
Answer:
The method of discarding wastes in approved grounds, filling up the huge holes dug to bury the wastes callected, is called land-filling. Land-filling is the most common method of waste disposal, where the waste is buried underground. But this method is not much in use in modern days, as this requires a large vacant land and produces strong methane and other gases, and cause contamination problems.
OR.
The wastes generated in the urban areas, or municipal areas. are known as municipal wastes. These include trash of garbage from households, schools, offices, markets, restaurants and other public places; obsolute computers, mobiles and other electronic goods; furniture and old fashioned clothes etc.

Question 4.
Mention two characteristic features of desert vegetation in India.
OR.
What do you mean by “Dun”?
Answer:
Characteristics of desert vegetation in India are :

• It is found in Rajasthan, Kachch and Kthiawar Peninsular region of gujarat and the rain shadow area of Decan Plateau.
• The vegetation is very sparsely spread.
• The leaves of the plants are reduced to thorns due to lack of water. The roots are very long to absorb underground water. The stems are flashy and have a waxy coating over them.

OR.
The valleys lying in the siwalik range are called ‘Duns’ or ‘Doons’. The Siwalik range has been formed much later than the Himadri and Himachal Himalayas. During the formation of the siwalk, the rivers that were flowing ran the higher Himalyan ranges got interupted and blocked, thus forming lakes, and depositing pebbles, sand, silt etc. Later the rivers eroded and made their ways through the Siwalik range as well. Thus, the waters of the lakes were removed. The depositions left back formed the ‘doons’

Question 5.
Define ancillary industry.
OR
Name the two terminal centres of the longest inland waterways in India.
Answer:
The industries which supply their finished products as raw materials for some other industries or support the growth of other industries are called basic industries, and the industries which receive these raw materials or are supported by these basic industries, are called ancillary industries. Eg-Ancillary industries for the automobile industry are-tyre industry battery industry, glass industry etc.
OR.
The longest inland waterway of india (also called National Waterway 1) lies along the Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghl river system. It is 1,620 km long, lying between Prayagraj in Allahabad in the north to Haldia in West Bengal (Sagar) in the south.

Question 6.
What do you mean by sensor?
OR.
State two uses of topographical maps.
Answer:
A sensor is a specialised camera that is installed in a satellite in order to take photographs of the earth. It can be of two types. An active sensor uses its own energy for illumination and helps the satellite to capture images at night. A passive sensor can help the satellite to capture images only when the sun is illuminating the earth.
OR.
The uses of topographical maps are :

• It helps to understand and study the physical characteristics of the region.
• It helps to understand and analyse the different cultural features (roads, settlements, etc.) of the same area with respect to the physical features present there.
• It helps to analyse the relation between man and nature, and helps to plan for economic development.

Group-D.

Give brief explanatory answer (Alternatives should be noted):-

Question 1.
Discuss in brief about three processes of river transportational activity.
OR.
Mention the relationship between Jet stream and Indian Monsoon system.
Answer:
The river transports its load by the following processes:

• Traction: The heavier and large rock fragments are forced to flow down along the river water by rolling on the floor of the river channel due to gravity.
• Saltation: The comparatively smaller fragments of rocks are moved downstream by jumping over the floor of the river channel along with the water continuously.
• Suspension: The fine particles of the river’s load remain suspended in the river due to buoyancy of water, while they are carried downstream.
• Solution: The soluble particles are dissolved in the river water and moved downstream.

OR.
Jet stream is a thin stream of speedy winds (350-450 km/hr) that blow from west to east from the winter till March-April between the Troposphere and the Stratosphere. These winds play an important role in the Indian monsoon system. These winds influence the onset and retreat of the monsoons in India, by seasonal shifting and creation of low presure and high presure calls respectively.

Question 2.
Classify wastes according to nature along with examples.
OR.
State three necessities of waste management.
Answer:
The different types of wastes are :

• Solid wastes: Solid wastes are any type of garbage or rubbish generated at home or outside. Eg-Food wastes newspaper, broken household or office articles, etc.
• Liquid wastes: Liquid wastes include wash waters from homes, cleaning liquids used in industries, waste waters or liquids from industries, etc. Sometimes, solid wastes are converted to liquids before discarding.
• Gaseous wastes: Gaseous wastes include CO₂, SO₂, N₂O NH₃ etc. produced as a result of manufacturing activities in industries comsumption of differnent products and other biological processes.
• Toxic wastes : Toxic wastes are harmful and hazardous poisonous wastes that threaten public health and environment. Eg-pesticides, mercury, containing equipments, lamps, batteries, etc.
• Non-toxic wastes: These wastes are not poisonous as such and do not pose a serious problem to the environment. They can be decomposed easily. Eg-domestic wastes, food left-overs, paper, glass, etc.

OR.
The necessities of proper waste management system are-

• To control different types of pollution.
• To control the spread of infectious diseases.
• To conserve environmental resources like forests, minerals, water etc.
• To reduce the amount of wastes generated everyday.
• To recycle hazardous wastes for further production of useful items.

Question 3.
Discuss three advantages each of roadways and railways in India.
OR.
State the merits of agricultural revolution as experienced in the States of Punjab and Haryana.
Answer:
The advantages of roadways in India are as follows :

• The light weight and less bulky commodity can be easily transported from one corner of the country to the other.
• A variety of vehicles, eg-buses, trucks, cycles, auto rickshaws, vans, etc. can use the same road and carry different types of commodities and number of passengers and render door-to-door services as well.
• This is the easiest mode of transport for moving raw materials to factories and finished products to markets. Hence, a large percentage of economic development of the country depends upon the roadways.

The advantages of railways in India are as follows :

• Railways transport a huge quantity of goods and passengers at a high speed and at a low cost throughout the country.
• Railways carry seeds, fertilizers, agricultural equipments to the fields and the produced crops to the markets. Railways also transport minerals, power resources, equipments etc. to the industries and their finished products to the markets. Thus railways help to bring about agricultural and industrial development in India.
• Railways help in defence of the country by transporting soldiers, ration, war equipments and other necessary things to the border regions.

OR.
The agricultural revolution experienced in the States of Punjab and Haryana is popularly known as the Green Revolution. The merits of Green Revolution are-

• Remarkable increase on production of foodcrops, especially wheat.
• Extension of agricultural land.
• Modernisation and mechanisation of agriculture.
• Reduction of past attacks due to use of better quality of insecticides and pesticides.
• Employment and improvement in the economic condition of the farmers, and thus a rise in their standard of living.
• Reduction in import of foodgrains and huge increase in the export of the same.

Question 4.
Give an account of different types of scales in tabular form as used “topographical maps”.
OR.
Distinguish between Geostationary and Sun-Synchronous satellites.
Answer:
The different types of scales used in topographical maps areas follows :

OR

Geostationary Satellites
i. The artificial satellites that orbit the earth from west to east in circular orbits in the same time as that of earth’s rotation ( 24 hours), are called geostationary satellites.	i. The sun-synchronous satellites are those which are installed on a geocentric orbit that combines altitude and inclination in such a way, that the satellite passes over any given point of the planets surface at the same local solar time.
ii. They are installed at a height of of 36,000 km approximately, above the equator.	ii. They are installed at 700-800km above the land surface and orbit the earth in circular or elliptical paths from the north polar to south polar regions.
eg : GOES-E, GOES-W, etc.	iii. eg : IRS, LANDSAT, etc.

Group-E.

(Sketches are not essential for Sightless Candidates)

1. Answer any two questions from the following :

Question 1.
Describe with sketches three landforms carved out by glacial erosion.
Answer:
The landforms curved out by glacial erosion are as follows:

i. Cirque: At the source of the glacier, the mountain wall is heavily eroded by the process of plucking and abrasion. This it looks like a scooped out huge arm chair. This is known as a cirque or a corrie. Acrque may be filled with glacier melt water and may form a cirque lake or a corrie lake.

ii. Arete: In a show-covered mountains region, two or more glaciers may originate from different slopes of the same mountain. Thus, two or more cirques may be formed or the same mountain adjecent to each other. The steep and sharp wall that separates two adjecent cirques, is known as the arete.

iii. Pyramidal peak: If a mountain has three or more aretes, it takes the structure of a pyramid, and thus is called the pyramidal peak. The tip of such a peak becomes very sharp and pointed, and is called a horn.

iv. U-shaped valley : While the glacier flows down, the intensity of side erosion is same as that of vertical or down erosion by the processes of plucking and abrasion. Hence the valley developed looks like the letter ‘U’. Thus they are called U-shaped valley.

v. Hanging valley : In a glaciated region, the main or trunk glacier cames a greater volume of ice than the tributary glaciers. Thus the main glacier has more erosive power than the smaller tributary glaciers. Hence, the main glacier forms deper valleys and the tributary glaciers form comparatively less deeper valleys. These are not visible as long as the ice cover reviews found to be hanging over the huge deep valleys. Such valleys are called hanging valley.

Question 2.
Give an account of atmospheric layers of troposphere and stratosphere.
Answer:
Troposphere

• The lowest layer of the atmosphere, lying closest to the earth is known as Troposphere.
• It extends upto 18km near the equator and 18km near the poles.
• Temperature in this layer decreases by this is known as Lapse Rate.
• About three-fourths of the total mass of the atmosphere is concentrated in this layer.
• All the weather phenomena, like wind, rainfall, storm, etc, occur in this layer.
• The upper limit of the Troposphere is known as the Tropopouse.

Stratosphere

• Stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere that lies above the Troposphere.
• It spreads upto 50km above the earth’s surface.
• Temperature goes on increasing in this layer at the rate of 4 for every 50km.
• A huge concentration of ozone gas is found in this layer between 20-40 km. This is also known as the Ozonosphere.
• There is very less atmospheric disturbances here. A thin layer of cirrus clouds may form at the lower layers of the stratosphere.
• Jet planes fly through this layer due to less friction due to lack of air.
• The upper limit of the stratosphere is known as stratopause.

Question 3.
Mention the location of Mediterranean climatic region and discuss its major climatic characteristics.
Answer:
Mediteranean climate is found between 30°c – 40°c latitudes in both Northern and Southern hemispheres.

• Europe: Portugal, spain, Italy, Greece
• Aisa: Western Turkey, Lebanon, Syria, Israel.
• Africa: Egypt, Morocco, Northern Algeria, Cape town.
• North America: Southern California.
• South America: Chile
• Oceania: Southern and south-western coast of Australia.

Characteristics of Mediterranean climate

• Temperature remains moderate throughout the year.
• Average summer temperature lies between 14°c 22°c
• Average winter temperature lies between 10°c -14°c
• Summers are dry and the sky remains clear during this season.
• Most of the rainfall occurs during winter.
• Average annual rainfall is 35-75cm

Question 4.
Discuss the influences of ocean currents on global climate.
Answer:
The influences of ocean currents on global climate are :
i. Control on temperature: The warm currents move towards the polar regions from the equatorial region and the cold currents flow towards the equatorial region from the polar regions. This helps in maintaining a balance between temperature of various regions due to exchange of heat.

ii. Rainfall and snowfall: The regions along which warm currents flow experience heavy rainfall. The regions along which cold currents flow, are more prone to snowfall.

iii. El Nino and La Nina: During El Nino, a warm current flows from the north towards the coast of Peru and Ecuador in South America. This causes heavy rainfall in those regions. However, India and Australia may face severe draughts. During La Nina opposite climatic conditions prevail. Australia experiences heavy rainfall, India experiences moderate rainfall and Peru and Ecuador experience draught.

2. Answer any two question from the following :

Question 1.
Explain the major factors controlling the climate of India.
Answer:
The major factors that control the climate of India are :
i. Latitude: India lies between latitudes. The tropic of cancer runs through the middle of the country dividing the land into two distinct temperature zones. The southern part belongs to the Torrid Zone, While the northern part belongs to the Temperature Zone.

ii. Relief: Temperature is inversely proportionate to altitude. High relief regions have cooler climate compared to lower regions. Eg : some regions of Deccan plateau enjoy cool summers due to altitude, inspite of being nearer to the equator than the northern plains. The coastal regions enjoy an equable climate throughout the year.

iii. The Himalayas: The lofty Himalayas act as a barrier to the severely cold polar winds that come from the north, thus saving the country from chilling winters. It also prevents the monsoon winds from escaping northwards, thus ensuring monsoon rainfall in India.

iv. Distance from the sea: India has a very long coastline. The regions along the coastline enjoy moderate or maritime climate throughout the year due to the influence of the sea. Regions lying far from the sea experience extreme or continental climate with harsh summers and winters.

v. Winds: India lies under the prevailing north-eastern trade winds. Due to inequal heating of land and sea in different seasons, section of the wind blow seeasonally from oposite directions. These are called monsoon winds, They have a remarkable impact on the Indian climate and economy.

vi. Western disturbances: In winter, some cyclonic winds from the Mediteranean region, called western disturbances, enter India, causing a little rainfall and snowfall in the north.

vii. Jet Stream: This is a thin stream of speedy winds (350-450km/hr) blowing from west to east between the Troposphere and Stratosphere. These winds influence the onset and retreat of monsoons in India.

viii. El Nino and La Nina: During El Nino, India may experience rise in

Question 2.
Give an account of favourable physical conditions required for cultivation of tea in India.
Answer:
The favourable physical conditions required for the cultivation of tea in india are :

• Temperature: Tea can grow in temperatures between 10°c – 35°c. The best condition is 25°c  and growth is retarded below an average of 18°c.
• Rainfall: Tea requires 150-200 cm of annual rainfall well distributed throughout the year, with no long spells of dry season.
• Humidity: High humidity, heavy dews and morning fog favour rapid development of young leaves.
• Frost: Widespread winter frost is harmful for the growth of tea.
• Shade: Tea is a shade-loving plant. Hence big trees are planted in between tea plants to provide light and shade.
• Relief: Tea plants cannot tolerate stagnant of water at the base. Hence mountain slopes and undulating highlands are preferred for cultivation of tea.
• Soil: Well-drained sandy loam with porous sub-soil is favourable for tea. Virgin forest soils with good amout of iron and humus are also suitable.

Question 3.
Explain why cotton textile industry is extensively developed in Western India.
Answer:
The factors responsible for the extensive development of cotton textile industry in western india are :

• Availability of raw cotton from the black soil region of Western and Central India.
• Hot humid weather of western India helps in the growth of cotton and making of threads.
• Presence of ports at Mumbai, Kandla, Surat etc. helps in international trade.
• Availability of hydel power from Ukai, Veera, etc. thermal power from Dhubran, and atomic power from Kakrapara, Tarapore, etc.
• Good network of railways and roadways cannecting all important centres of the country.
• Availability of capital from business communitees residing in the western part of India.
• Ample labour at cheap rates.
• High demand of cotton products in the local and foreign markets.

Question 4.
Discuss the major problems of Urbanization in India.
Answer:
The major problems of urbanisation in India are :

• Unplanned growth of urban areas: Rapid concentration of population in urban areas lead to unplanned and nonsystematic growth of towns and cities,
• Accomodation: The rapidly growing population is difficult to house in the already existing urban areas, Hence, growth of slums and downtrodden areas occurs in the fringes of towns and cities.
• Availability of water: The amount of water available is not sufficient for the rapidly growing population. Hence scarcity of water occurs.
• Unemployment: A huge section of rural population comes to urban areas in search of work. But all of them do not get employment. Hence, the total percentage of unemployed population in the urban areas increases.
• Sewage and garbage disposal: The huge volume of disposable solid and liquid wastes generated by the excess population is difficult to handle with the present sewage and waste management systems. Thus waste dumping, water lagging, sewage overflow, etc. are common.

Group-F.

Locate the following with appropriate symbols and names on the given outline map of India. Attach the map with your answer paper: 1×10=10

1. Aravalli mountain.
2. River Narmada.
3. Highest rainfall receiving centre in north-east India.
4. Forest Research Institute of India.
5. A region of saline soil in eastern India.
6. A coffee producing region.
7. Rurh of India.
8. India’s largest IT industrial centre.
9. A natural port of Western India.
10. Largest megacity of Northern India.
OR
[For Sightless Candidates Only]
Answer:

6. Answer any ten of the following questions: 1×10=10

1. Name the rift valley lying between Vindhya and Satpura range.
2. Mention the name of the largest river island of India.
3. Name a coral island of India.
4. In which state of India, south-west monsoon wind strikes first?
5. Mention the name of state where mountain soils are found.
6. Which state of India ranks first in production of paddy?
7. Name one rabi crop produced in India.
8. Where in West Bengal rail engine manufacturing centre is located?
9. Name a mountain pass of Eastern Himalaya.
10. By which name, the old alluvial soil of Ganga Plain is known?
11. Name the state of India, having least population density.
12. Mention the name of the biggest port of Eastern India.
13. Which state of India ranks first in Coffee Production?
14. Name one natural port on the Eastern Coast of India.
Answer:
1. Aravalli mountain
2. River Normoda
3. Highest rainfall receiving centre in morth-east India
4. Forest research institute of India
5. A region of saline soil in eastern India.
6. A coffee producing region.
7. Rurh of India
8. India’s largest IT industrial centre.
9. A natural port of western India.
10. Largest mega city of Northern India.
OR.
[For sightless candidates only]
1. Narmoda river valley.
2 Majuli island on river Brahamaputra, Assam.
3. Lakshadweep islands.
4. Kerala
5. Sikkim, Jammu and Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam.
6. West Bengal.
7. Wheat, barley, peas, gram, mustard, etc.
8. Chittaranjan
9. Nathula Pass, Bumla Pass
10. Bhangar
11. Arunachal Pradesh.
12. Chennai port
13. Karnataka
14. Kolkata port.

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 History Book Solutions and WBBSE Class 10 History Sample Question Paper Set 3 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

West Bengal Board Class 10 History Model Question Paper Set 3

Group A

1. Choose the correct answers to the following: 1×20=20

Question 1.
Of the following who translated a text book on anatomy into Sanskrit ?
a. Madhusudan Gupta
b. Jagadish Chandra Bose
c. Dasarathi Roy
d. Sridhar Kathak
Answer:
a. Madhusudan Gupta

Question 2.
Of the following which often tells story from life?
a. History
b. An autobiography
c. A memoir
d. A short story
Answer:
c. A memoir

Question 3.
In which of the following years was Hindoo Patriot published ?
a. 1800
b. 1813
c. 1853
d. 1857
Answer:
c. 1853

Question 4.
Of the following the name that does not in any way go with the spread of Western education?
a. Raja Radhakanta Deb
b. Raja Rammohan Roy
c. Ramendrasundar Trivedi
d. Kaliprasanna Singha
Answer:
d. Kaliprasanna Singha

Question 5.
Of the following who left the Brahmo Samaj after a breach with Debendranath Tagore ?
a. Shivnath Shastri
b. Rammohan Roy
c. Keshab Chandra Sen
d. Dwarakanath Tagore
Answer:
c. Keshab Chandra Sen

Question 6.
Of the following who launched a very strong movement against the practice of sati?
a. Sivnath Shastri
b. Rammohan Roy
c. Keshab Chandra Sen
d. Radhakanta Deb
Answer:
b. Rammohan Roy

Question 7.
Of the following who made liberal contribution for the spread of education in Bengal ?
a. Keshab Chandra Sen
b. Raja Rammohan Roy
c. Dwarakanath Tagore
d. Haji Muhammad Mohsin
Answer:
d. Haji Muhammad Mohsin

Question 8.
Of the following who mooted the idea of setting up the Ramakrishna Mission?
a. Sri Ramakrishna Deva
b. Bijay Krishna Goswamee
c. Swami Vivekananda
d. Debendranath Tagore
Answer:
c. Swami Vivekananda

Question 9.
In which of the following places did the Chuar Rebellion take place ?
a. Hooghly
b. Rangpur in present Bangladesh
c. Chotonagpur
d. Bankura and Medinipur
Answer:
d. Bankura and Medinipur

Question 10.
One of the leaders of the Kol rebellion was :
a. Kanu
b. Buddhu Bhagat
c. Birsa Munda
d. Majnu Shah
Answer:
d. Majnu Shah

Question 11.
Of the following who founded the religious sect Pagal-Panthis ?
a. Dudu Mian
b. Karam Shah
c. Joa Bhagat
d. Durjan Singh
Answer:
b. Karam Shah

Question 12.
Of the following who came to be known as the Governor-General and Viceroy of India following the Queen’s Proclamation ?
a. Lord Dalhousie
b. Lord Canning
c. William Bentinck
d. Warren Hastings
Answer:
b. Lord Canning

Question 13.
Of the following who was the founder of the Wahabi Movement ?
a. Titumir
b. Mir Nisar Ali
c. Muhammad Abdul Wahab of Nejd
d. Haji Shariatullah
Answer:
c. Muhammad Abdul Wahab of Nejd

Question 14.
Of the following find the incompatible one :
a. Jibansmriti
b. Jibaner Jharapata
c. Sattur Batsar
d. Gora
Answer:
d. Gora

Question 15.
Of the following who was the editor of the Grambarta Prakashika?
a. Kangal Harinath Majumdar
b. Kaliprasanna Singha
c. Dinabandhu Mitra
d. Girish Chandra Ghosh
Answer:
a. Kangal Harinath Majumdar

Question 16.
In which of the following years was the first Hindu widow remarriage took place?
a. 1855
b. 1856
c. 1857
d. 1858
Answer:
b. 1856

Question 17.
The woman revolutionary who made a daring attack upon the Europeans:at the Assam-Bengal Railway European Club was :
a. Bina Das
b. Kalpana Dutta
c. Pritilata Waddedar
d. Ashalata Sen
Answer:
c. Pritilata Waddedar

Question 18.
Of the following who was the first to use the term dalit meaning oppressed people?
a. Jotiba Phule
b. Harichand Thakur
c. Mahatma Gandhi
d. B. R. Ambedkar
Answer:
a. Jotiba Phule

Question 19.
Of the following who is regarded as the ‘father of the Namasudra renaissance?
a. Harichand Thakur
b. B.R. Ambedkar
c. Mahatma Gandhi
d. Guruchand Thakur
Answer:
d. Guruchand Thakur

Question 20.
Under whose leadership Hyderabad was annexed to the Indian Union by ‘police action’?
a. General Cariappa
b. General J.N. Chaudhuri
c. General Subrata Chaudhuri
d. None of the above
Answer:
b. General J.N. Chaudhuri

Group B

2. Answer the following Questions

Attempt one question from each sub-group: In all 16 questions 1×16=16

Answer each of the following questions in one sentence :

Question 1.
Name the memory picture written by Rabindranath Tagore.
Answer:
Jibansmriti is the name of the memory picture written by Rabindranath.

Question 2.
Who was author of the book entitled Letters from a Father to His Daughter?
Answer:
‘Father to His Daughter’ is the book authored by Jawaharlal Nehru.

Question 3.
When was Calcutta Medical College of Bengal established ?
Answer:
It was in 1835 that the Calcutta Medical College of Bengal was established.

Question 4.
Who was the first lady to become the President of the Congress ?
Answer:
Annie Besant was the first lady to become the President of the Indian National Congress.

Identify which of the following is ‘True’ or ‘False’ :

1. While speeches are considered primary source the autobiography and memoirs are the secondary source of history.
Answer: True

2. Titumir of the Barasat Revolt was also known as Mir Nisar Ali.
Answer: True

3. The Munda rebellion is classified as a working class movement.
Answer: False

4. Bina Das was in favour of Non-violent movement.
Answer: False

Match column ‘A’ with column ‘B’

A	B
1. First printing press and newspaper	(a) Vernacular Press Act
2. First Bengali news weekly	(b) Lord Ripon
3. Revocation of the Vernacular Press Act	(c) Bangal Gazette
4. Lord Lytton	(d) Hicky

Answer:
1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a

4. Identify the following places in the given map of India :

1. The area where Ramakrishna Mission is located.
2. The area where Wahabi Movement began.
3. The region in Bangladesh where peasantry revolted in 1870 .
4. The area where Mangal Pandey raised the banner of rebellion.
Answer:
See the Map attached
Or
(Only for blind students)

1. was one of the leaders of the Fakirs in the Sannyasi-Fakir rebellion.
Answer: Majnu Shah

2. The play Neel Darpan was composed by
Answer: Dinabandhu Mitra

3. was known as the ‘Grandfather of Indian nationalism’.
Answer: Rajnarayan Bose

4. Hyderabad was annexed to the Indian Union in
Answer: 1949

Select the correct interpretation of the following statements :

1. Statement : In Bamabodhini, a Bengali periodical, strong emphasis was was given on women issues.

Interpretation 1: The paper focused on the needs of the womenfolk
Interpretation 2: Bamabodhini continued to be published till 1923
Interpretation 3: Bamabodhini helped to bring about women’s progress in education and social matters.
Answer:
Interpretation 2: Bamabodhini continued to be published till 1923

2. Statement: Derozio promoted advanced ideas through his lectures.

Interpretation 1: Derozio moulded the minds of his students.
Interpretation 2: He constantly encouraged his students to think freely and questioning all authority.
Interpretation 3: Under Derozio’s influence his students drew inspiration from Bacon, Hume, etc.
Answer:
Interpretation 2: He constantly encouraged his students to think freely and questioning all authority.

3. Statement: The play Neil Darpan was written in the background of the. Indigo Revolt of 1859.

Interpretation 1: It exposed the inhuman villainy of the indigo planters.
Interpretation 2: The torture perpetrated by the indigo planters were mostly Europeans.
Interpretation 3: In reality the play highlighted the oppressive machinery of the colonial rulers.
Answer:
Interpretation 1: It exposed the inhuman villainy of the indigo planters.

4. Statement: The British Government of India instituted the Meerut Conspiracy Case (1929)

Interpretation 1: To suppress labour movement which was the result, it was thought, due to socialist influence.
Interpretation 2: In the case most of the Communist and trade union leaders were arrested.
Interpretation 3: The then-British Government became alarmed at the growing unrest among the workers.
Answer:
Interpretation 1: To suppress labour movement which was the result, it was thought, due to socialist influence.

Group C.

3. Answer the following questions in 2 or 3 sentences (any 11)

Question 1.
Can autobiography be considered as a source of history?
Answer:
Indeed, autobiography is a primary source for the reconstruction of history. For, autobiography directly tells the story of life of the person.

Question 2.
Name the first two graduates of the University of Calcutta.
Answer:
The first two graduates of the University of Calcutta were Bankim Chandra Chatterjee and Joddunath Bose.

Question 3.
To which educational institution did Mohammad Mohsin contribute liberally ?
Answer:
Haji Mohammad Mohsin was a wealthy man. In his charitable efforts he made no distinction between man and man. He made remarkable gift to the Hooghly College (presently Hooghly Mohsin College).

Question 4.
Who founded the Nababidhan ?
Answer:
The initial breach between Keshab Chandra Sen and Debendranath Tagore led to the formation of Brahmo Samaj of India. Yet formation of another religious faith became inevitable in 1881 when Keshab Chandra Sen founded Nababidhan.

Question 5.
Who were the adivasi or tribals ?
Answer:
The adivasi or tribal communities of India as distinguished from the peasantry were also basically peasants. They earned their livelihood through shifting cultivation and collection of fruits and roots from forest.

Question 6.
What social reforms did the Brahmo Samaj aim at?
Answer:
The Brahmo Samaj aimed at promotion among different religious groups a faith in the unity of the divine and of man. Another objective of the Brahmo Samaj was the welfare of the common people.

Question 7.
What do you understand by the term ‘revolution’?
Answer:
‘Revolution is one that brings about fundamental change in the politicosocio-economic level of a country. The French Revolution or Russian Revolution may be cited as examples of revolution.

Question 8.
What was the characteristic feature of the Kol Rebellion?
Answer:
The characteristic feature of the Kol rebellion was that the Kol tribesmen were not alone to give a fight to the British. The Kols got direct support from other tribesmen like Hos, Oraons and Mundas. Thus it goes to the credit of the Kols that could garner support of the fellow tribesmen in a fight against the British.

Question 9.
Why was the ‘age of association’ crucial to the country?
Answer:
In the absence of any political party it is not at all possible to express the grievances of people to the political authority. In India, such deficiency was made up when a number of political associations came into existence in the mid-nineteenth century. Thus began the ‘age of association’ when people could raise their legitimate demands and place them before the colonial government.

Question 10.
What is stated in the Bartaman Bharat of Swami Vivekananda?
Answer:
In Bartaman Bharat Swami Vivekananda predicted formation of an ideal state in India. According to him, the ideal state would be one in which the knowledge of the priest period, the culture of the military as also the ideal of equality are brought into harmony.

Question 11.
How did printing press help the spread of education ?
Answer:
Printing press, indeed, helped the spread of education in India. Printing of books within a short time facilitated availability of reading materials. Thus printed books became a medium for the dissemination of knowledge.

Question 12.
Why did Rabindranath found Sriniketan?
Answer:
Rabindranath set up Sriniketan at the contiguous campus of Visva Bharati. The objective was to help the villagers to solve their own problems. Also an emphasis was laid on a scientific study of the village problem.

Question 13.
Who was Baba Ramchandra?
Answer:
In 1919 Baba Ram Chandra was the first to lead a peasant protest against the landlords. In 1920 he set up Oudh (Awadh) Kisan Sabha. He was a sannyasi (mendicant) who earlier had been to Fiji as a bonded labour

Question 14.
Why is Bina Das remembered ?
Answer:
In 1929 Bina Das joined Bhupal Bose’s revolutionary group. She engaged herself in carrying on revolutionary activities. In 1932 Bina Das made an attempt o the life of Stanley Jackson, the then Governor of Bengal.

Question 15.
Why is Potti Sreeramulu remembered ?
Answer:
Potti Sreeramulu was a devout follower of Mahatma Gandhi. He worked throughout his life for humanitarian causes. He became famous for undertaking a fast for the formation of Andhra for the Telegu-speaking people of Madras.

Group D

4. Answer the following questions in 7/8 sentences: 

(Attempt one question from each sub-group: in all 6 questions)

Question 1.
How did Rammohan Roy help the spread of Western education?
Answer:
Raja Rammohan Roy was the first Indian to feel the need for Western education, and as such came to be known as the ‘First Modern Man of India’. In a letter addressed to Lord Amherst Rammohan categorically pointed out that no useful purpose will be served establishing college for Sanskrit learning. Noticing apathy of the government in establishing institutions where Western scientific education would be taught Rammohan himself founded Anglo-Hindu School in 1822.

In 1825 Rammohan founded the Vedanta College where along with Western science and philosophy the students were to be taught Vedanta philosophy. Another significant contribution of Rammohan in the field of Western education was that he drew the Christian Missions to this field. He requested the Church of Scotland Assembly to send out competent teachers to spread English education in India.

Question 2.
How did Iswarchandra Vidyasagar campaign for widow remarriage ?
Answer:
It was Iswarchandra Vidyasagar who began a campaign for widow remarriage during the mid-nineteenth century. He waged a long struggle in favour of widow remarriage. However, he realized that the campaign for widow remarriage would have an appeal to the general people if it was backed by reference to Shastric instructions.

Thus Iswarchandra began studying sacred books. Vidyasagar raised his powerful voice, backed by the weight of immense traditional learning in favour of widow remarriage. At last he found what he wanted in a verse of the Parasara Samhita.

In one of the Slokas it has been categorically stated that a second marriage is sanctioned for women under certain conditions, and one of the conditions referred to is the death of husband of a married woman. It was in this manner Vidyasagar sanctified the remarriage of Hindu widows.

Question 3.
What was the importance of the Queen’s Proclamation?
Answer:
Queen Victoria by a Proclamation announced on 1 November 1858 assumed the responsibility of the Indian administration in her own hands. The importance of the Proclamation were :

• The honorific title of Viceroy was added to the ‘Governor-General of India’.
• Lord Canning so far known as the Governor-General of India also became the first Viceroy of India.
• In her Proclamation Queen Victoria also announced some changes in the governmental policy to be pursued by the British in India. She made it clear that the British Government had no desire of further territorial expansion in India.
• The Queen also stated that the British would in no way interfere with the established customs or religions of the Indian people.
• As per the Proclamation there was an extensive reorganization of the army and civil administration.

Question 4.
How did Anandamath help the spread of nationalism ?
Answer:
Study of the literary works of great litterateurs of nineteenth century Bengal reveals nationalist feelings embedded in them. In this context Anandamath of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee may be discussed. Anandamath of Bankim Chandra bears historic worth in the narrative of nationalism in modern India.

Written in the background of the memory of Sannyasi Rebellion, the novel centres around the organization of the santans (or children of Mother India). Now that the Mother is in chains of the foreigners her children vow to tear asunder the bondage.

• The novel narrates how the children of the Mother take up arms against the rule and domination of the aliens. It is in Anandamath that the Indian people get the famous song, Bande Mataram.
• The opening stanza of the song is full of appreciation for the natural possessions that adorn the Mother.
• In the song the sacredness of the land has been raised to a religious level. The song combines patriotism with religious fervour.
• Anandamath was a Bible for the secret revolutionaries. In fact, they modeled their societies on the organization founded by Satyananda, the hero of the novel. Thus Anandamath helped the spread of Indian nationalism.

Question 5.
What were the contributions of Hindu Mela to the cause of Indian nationalism?
Answer:
The Hindu Mela had immense contributions to the cause of Indian nationalism.

• The Hindu Mela used to hold annual sessions. On such occasions fairs were organized attended by thousands of people. Display of various products of Indian arts and crafts encouraged the native producers.
• The Hindu Mela also worked for the development of national literature, national song, national gymnastics, etc.
• The Mela also drew into the national movement personalities like Sivnath Shastri, Bipin Chandra Pal, Sisirkumar Ghose and many others.
• The Hindu Mela by fostering the spirit of self-help paved the way for foundation of the national movement.
•  Emphasis on the indigenous products in the fairs (mela) organized was a farsighted move and the industrial exhibitions were the forerunners of the Industrial Exhibition organized by the Indian National Congress in 1896.

Question 6.
What was Rabindranath’s idea of education ?
Answer:
Elaborating his own ideas about the aims of education Rabindranath said that the fundamental purpose of education was not “….merely to enrich ourselves through the fullness of knowledge…”. Rather he believed that the purpose also was to establish bond of love and friendship between man and man. Thus it may be said that Rabindranath’s approach to education was humanistic.

He believed in an inner harmony amongst man, nature and god. In Rabindranath’s idea of education teachers had to be imaginative. The teachers should understand the child, and help the child to develop curiosity in them. Tagore further felt that the creative learning could be encouraged only within natural environment. Living in harmony with nature, children would be able to cultivate their natural creativity.

Question 7.
What was the nature of women’s participation in the revolutionary Struggle
Answer:
In the revolutionary struggle participation of women presented a different picture than that of non-violent struggle.

i. Women’s involvement in the non-violent struggle had the support and encouragement of Gandhiji. But the women who participated in the armed struggle joined it on their own. That is to say, there had been no encouragement from any quarter to enthuse the women to join the revolutionary struggle.

ii. In fact, the revolutionary secret societies made no concerted efforts to encourage the participation of women as Mahatma Gandhi had done in regard to the non-violent activities.

iii. Another important point to be noted is that direct participation of women in the revolutionary movement was not feasible also due to certain constraints. First, women were not allowed by their male relatives to join the revolutionary secret societies. Second, the risk was too high to allow women to participate in revolutionary feats on an equal basis with men.

iv. However, in general the indirect participation of women helped the revolutionaries silently from the background. In the above context the revolutionary activities of Pritilata Waddedar and Kalpana Datta may be discussed.

Question 8.
What was the main point of the debate between Gandhiji and Ambedkar regarding the rights of the dalits ?
Answer:
There is little doubt that both Gandhi and Ambedkar were very much aware of the problem of untouchability or the dalits. Yet there was sharp difference between the two regarding the dalit issue.

i. That there was little in common in the perception between the two came to the forefront in the early 30s of the nineteenth century.

ii. Gandhiji refused to view the dalits as a minority who should be given political safeguards. Rather he considered it essentially a social problem, and that was to be tackled by the Hindu community itself. Contrarily, Ambedkar describing the dalits as ‘slaves’ advocated for communal representation of the dalits on the ground that ‘untouchability constitutes a definite set of interests which the untouchables alone can speak for.’

iii. Throughout 1920s Ambedkar had a soft spot for Gandhi as he took him as one different from the elitist Brahmanic leaders he (Ambedkar) hated. The real break between the two surfaced during the events of the Round Table Conference of 1932.

Group E.

5. Answer any one question in 15/16 sentences :

Question 1.
Write about the nature of the Revolt of 1857
Answer:
The nature of the Revolt of 1857 is a very contentious issue, and debate over it started from the very moment of its happening.

1. Opinions are sharply divided as to whether the Revolt of 1857 was mere a mutiny or a War of Independence.

2. Considered from the nature of the rising the old school of historians found it difficult to call it a War of Independence on the following grounds

• There was no definite political ideal before the rebels. Though expulsion of the British was the immediate goal, there was no co-ordinated plan to establish an independent government in place of the British.
• There was no plan, no co-ordination among the rebels in different parts of the country. The fact that at least some of the zamindars and talukdars (landed magnates) participated in the rebellion would at best give it a feudal character as Jawaharlal Nehru pointed out. c Common people did not participate in any measure that can legitimately give it the name of a ‘national rising’.

3. Professor S. N. Sen in his book entitled Eighteen Fifty-seven concluded that the mutiny of 1857 was not simply a rising of the sepoys. He argued that a national rising does not require participation of all people. Only an influential section of people had participated in the revolutions of France and America. On such arguments Professor Sen calls it a ‘national rising’, although to a limited extent.

4. Professor Rames Chandra Mazumder’s arguments are also somewhat identical with those of Professor Sen. According to him, what began as a mutiny ended in certain areas in an outbreak of the civil population.

5. There is, however, no dearth of other opinions. As pointed out by Professor Sekhar Bandyopadhyay, V. D. Savarkar by describing the revolt of 1857 as the ‘Indian War of Independence’ directly drafted it into the historiography of Indian nationalism.

Question 2.
What was the participation of the peasants in the Anti-Partition Movement? What was the Bardoli satyagraha?
Answer:
A. Participation of the Peasants: The anti-partition movement assumed an all-India character in which different classes of people participated. Despite the popular character of the anti-partition movement it must be admitted that it was largely confined to the urban middle class. The peasants’ participation was very much limited.

Indeed, the Congress leadership did call upon the peasants to start a no-rent campaign. However, in some way the participation of peasants in the movement was significant. The indigo peasants of Champaran in Bihar rose in rebellion. Peasants’ disturbances took place in Assam and Mymensingh (in present Bangladesh).

The Muslim peasants of Barisal (in present Bangladesh) were led by Aswini Kumar Datta. The Left politics did not emerge in India during the anti-Partition movement. As such there was no question of the Leftists’ leadership amongst the peasants.

B. Bardoli Satyagraha: The first civil disobedience movement was staged by the peasants of Bardoli in the Surat district of Gujarat. In 1926 when the time of revision of land revenue was due at Bardoli it was found that the hike was unprecedented. The burden on the peasants was 22% to 60 % more than the previous rate of tax.

The peasants of Bardoli thereupon began satyagraha under the leadership of Vallabhbhai Patel who had the blessings of Gandhiji. The Bardoli Satyagraha was formally launched on 12 February 1928. The satyagraha constituted an important chapter in the freedom movement of India. a. Bardoli Satyagraha became the symbol of peasants’ protests in the country.

Question 3.
Write in short about the participation of the working class in the Quit India Movement.
Answer:
The Quit India Movement did not leave the working class untouched. The formation of Congress ministries in different provinces following election in 1937 gave a boost to the working class movement.

i. In fact, during the tenure of the Congress ministries between 1937 and 1939 there was a phenomenal rise in the trade union movement. During this period the number of trade unions increased from 271 to 562.

ii. It must be pointed out here that the pro-labour attitude of the Congress governments in the provincial level also served as an encouragement to the trade union activities.

iii. Even the Congress Working Committee in a resolution denounced the repressive measures taken on the workers by the non-Congress provincial ministries of Bengal and Punjab.

iv. Another significant feature was that during the period under reference strikes organized by the trade unions mostly ended successfully, with victory of the struggling workers.

v. The Quit India Movement formally began on 9 August with arrests of most of the prominent national leaders including Gandhiji. As the news of the arrests spread workers of various places of the country went on strikes and hartals that lasted for a week.

Delhi, Lucknow, Jamshedpur, Madras, Bangalore, etc. were some of the main centres of the strikes. In some places the strikes continued for longer periods. The Tata Steel Plant was shut down for thirteen days. In Ahmedabad the textile workers continued the strike for three and half months.

vi. Following the ‘People’s War’ line the communists dissociated themselves from the Quit India Movement. They lent no support to the industrial strikes by the working class. Rather the communists followed a policy of industrial peace so that the workers could concentrate on production.

Group F

6. Answer the questions in a complete sentence

Question 1.
What is the name of the autobiography of Bipin Chandra Pal ?
Answer:
Sattar Batsar (Seventy Years) is the name of the autobiography of Bipin Chandra Pal.

Question 2.
Who was the editor of Bangadarshan ?
Answer:
The journal Bangadarshan was published by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.

Question 3.
Who was the author of Hootum Pyanchar Naksha?
Answer:
Hootum Pyanchar Naksha was authored by Kaliprasanna Singha.

Question 4.
Mention the name of a woman leader of the Swadeshi Movement.
Answer:
Ashalata Sen was a woman leader during the Swadeshi Movement.

Question 5.
Who organized the Anti-Circular Society ?
Answer:
Krishnakumar Mitra organized the Anti-Circular Society.

7. Answer the following questions in 2/3 sentences :

Question 1.
What do understand by the term ‘Urban History’?
Answer:
Urban History literally means history of cities. Till very recently the subject was much neglected, but of late the urban history has received the attention of modern historians.

Question 2.
Can periodicals and newspapers be regarded as a source of history ?
Answer:
Indeed, newspapers and periodicals are regarded as an important source for the reconstruction of history. While newspapers are the primary source of history, the periodicals are the secondary source.

Question 3.
What came to be known as the Corridor Warfare?
Answer:
Benoy Bose, Badal Gupta and Dinesh Gupta, the revolutionary trio named ‘Benoy-Badal-Dinesh’ of the Bengal Volunteers group were involved in an encounter with police inside the Writers’ Buildings that came to be known as the Corridor Warfare. The encounter followed after the revolutionaries fatally shot Simpson, the then Inspector-General of Police.

Question 4.
What was the ‘carrot and stick’ policy followed in the accession of the princely (or native) states of India.
Answer:
It was Vallabhbhai Patel who with great skill and diplomacy successfully completed the accession of the Princely States with the Indian Union. He had followed the dual policy of ‘carrot and stick’ meaning while invitation was made to the princes to join the Indian Union peacefully the recalcitrant elements would be forced to accede to.

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 History Book Solutions and WBBSE Class 10 History Sample Question Paper Set 2 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

West Bengal Board Class 10 History Model Question Paper Set 2

Group A

1. Choose the correct answers to the following :

Question 1.
Of the following who wrote his first play Anande Raho in 1882?
a. Jogendra Gupta
b. Giris Chandra Ghosh
c. Dasarathi Roy
d. Sridhar Kathak
Answer:
b Giris Chandra Ghosh

Question 2.
Of the following who authored the book on sports entitled Twenty-two Yards of Freedom?
a. Ramchandra Guha
b. Ashis Nandy
c. Boria Mazumder
d. Niharranjan Roy
Answer:
c. Boria Mazumder

Question 3.
Of the following which was a scholarly writing on architecture ?
a. History of Indian and Eastern Architecture
b. An Imperial vision
c. Silpasashtra
d. Making of a New Indian Art
Answer:
c. Silpasashtra

Question 4.
Of the following who composed a Bengali book on the dry plate photography?
a. Mahim Chandra Thakur
b. Saraccandra Deb
c. Ramendrasundar Trivedi
d. Adisvara Ghatak
Answer:
d. Adisvara Ghatak

Question 5.
Of the following who was not associated with the foundation of the Hindu College?
a. David Hare
c. Iswarchandra Vidyasagar
b. Kaliprasanna Singha
d. Louis Henry Vivian Derozio
Answer:
b. Kaliprasanna Singha

Question 6.
Which of the following Brahmo leaders was called ‘Brahmananda’?
a. Sivnath Shastri
b. Debendranath Tagore
c. Keshab Chandra Sen
d. Radhakanta Deb
Answer:
c. Keshab Chandra Sen

Question 7.
Of the following who was the earliest feminist of modern Bengal ?
a. Sarojini Naidu
b. Padmaja Naidu
c. Swarup Rani
d. Sarala Devi
Answer:
d. Sarala Devi

Question 8.
Of the following who put forward the idea of Sarbadharma Samanyay?
a. Sri Ramakrishna Deva
b. Bijay Krishna Goswamee
c. Swami Vivekananda
d. Lalan Faqir
Answer:
a. Sri Ramakrishna Deva

Question 9.
In which of the following places did the Kol Rebellion take place 1831-32. ?
a. Bengal
b. Rangpur in present Bangladesh
c. Chotonagpur
d. Bhagalpur, in Bihar
Answer:
c. Chotonagpur

Question 10.
Of the following places where did the Bheels enjoy monopoly of power?
a. Chotonagpur
b. Khandesh
c. Andhra region
d. Kerala region
Answer:
b. Khandesh

Question 11.
Of the following who led the Barasat Rebellion?
a. Dudu Mian
b. Titu Mir
c. Joa Bhagat
d. Durjan Singh
Answer:
b. Titumir

Question 12.
Of the following who was the first Governor-General of India ?
a. Lord Dalhousie
b. Lord Canning
c. William Bentinck
d. Warren Hastings
Answer:
c. William Bentinck

Question 13.
In which stage of the national movement did the Eka Movement take place?
a. Quit India Movement
b. Civil Disobedience Movement
c. Non-Cooperation Movement
d. Partition of Bengal
Answer:
c. Non-Cooperation Movement

Question 14.
In which of the following years did the All India trade Union Congress come into existence?
a. 1905
b. 1917
c. 1919
d. 1920
Answer:
d. 1920

Question 15.
The Workers’ and Peasants’ Party was associated with which of the following?
a. Rowlatt Satyagraha
b. Working class movement
9. Non-Cooperation Movement
d. Bardoli Satyagraha
Answer:
b. Working class Movement

Question 16.
Of the following who was associated with the Civil Disobedience Movement ?
a. Kalpana Dutta
b. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay
c. Bina Das
d. Pritilata Waddedar
Answer:
b. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay

Question 17.
Of the following who led the Chittagong Armoury raid ?
a. Binoy Bose
b. Dinesh Gupta
c. Masterda
d. Rashbehari Bose
Answer:
c. Masterda

Question 18.
Of the following who first coined the term harijan to describe the dalits ?
a. B. R. Ambedkar
b. Mahatma Gandhi
c. Jogendranath Mondal
d. Narasimha Mehta
Answer:
d. Narasimha Mehta

Question 19.
Of the following who tried to unite the Namasudras in their struggle against exploitation?
a. Haridas Thakur
b. Harichand Thakur
c. Guruchand Tahakur
d. None of the above
Answer:
b. Harichand Thakur

Question 20.
Of the following who was the chairman of the States Reorganization Committee formed in 1953 ?
a. K.M. Panikkar
b. Abul Kalam Azad
c. Fazl Ali
d. Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer:
c. Fazl Ali

Group B.

2. Answer the following Questions.

Attempt one question from each sub-group: In all 16 questions 1×16=16

Answer each of the following questions in one sentence :

Question 1.
Who was the author of the autobiography Jibaner Jharapata?
Answer:
Sarala Devi Chaudhurani’s autobiography is known as Jibaner Jharapata.

Question 2.
Who was the editor of the journal Grambarta Prakashika?
Answer:
Kangal Harinath Majumdar was the editor of the popular journal named Grambarta Prakashika

Question 3.
In which year was the Bethune Female School established?
Answer:
The Bethune Female School was established in 1849.

Question 4.
Who was the first Indian woman to become the President of the Congress?
Answer:
The first Indian to become the President of the Indian National Congress was Smt. Sarojini Naidu.

Identify which of the following is ‘True’ or ‘False’ :

Question 1. Rammohan Roy was associated with the Hindu widow re-marriage.
Answer: False

Question 2. Hindoo Patriot was English weekly published from Kolkata.
Answer: True

Question 3. The Science College was founded with aid from the British govt.
Answer: False

Question 4. Bardoli Satyagraha was the first civil disobedience movement of the peasantry of Bardoli in Surat.
Answer: True

Match column ‘A’ with column ‘B’

A	B
1. Bengali periodical that gave emphasis to women issues	(a) Neel Darpan
2. Harish Chandra Mukherjee	(b) Bamabodhini
3. Oppressions of the indigo planters	(c) Hutum Pyanchar Naksha
4. Description of a Kolkata city street	(d) Hindoo Patriot

Answer:
1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4 -c

Identify the following places in the given map of India :

1. The area of Sannyasi-fakir Revolt.
2. Areas of the Indigo Revolt of Bengal.
3. Centre of Rangpur (in Bangladesh) Revolt.
4. Centre of the Chuar Rebellion.
Answer:
See the attached Map of India
Or
(Only for blind students

Fill in the blanks with right words :

1. The Act that laid the foundation of education in India was …………………..
Answer:  Charter Act of 1813

2. Jibaner Jharapata was an autobiography of …………………..
Answer: Sarala Devi Chaudhurani

3. The students of Derozio together was known as …………………..
Answer:  Young Bengal

4. ………………….. was associated with the Hindu Mela.
Answer: Rajnarain Bose

Select the correct interpretation of the following statements :

1. Statement: Rammohan Roy strongly advocated for introduction of Western education.

Interpretation 1: Rammohan was opposed to setting up of Sanskrit College
Interpretation 2: No real education was possible without a knowledge of Western science and philosophy.
Interpretation 3: Rammohan was the founder of the Anglo-Hindu School.
Answer:
Interpretation 2: No real education was possible without a knowledge of Western science and philosophy.

2. Statement: Anandamath was a novel written by Bankin Chandra Chatterjee.

Interpretation 1: Anandamath became the gospel of Indian revolutionaries.
Interpretation 2: This was the first literary journal of its kind.
Interpretation 3: This published articles on economic issues
Answer:
Interpretation 1: Anandamath became the gospel of Indian revolutionaries.

3. The Baptist Mission Press started printing Bengali books.

Interpretation 1: The Press was first of its kind in Bengal.
Interpretation 2: The Press facilitated assimilation of Eastern and Western cultures in the country.
Interpretation 3: The Press supplied books to the trainees of Fort William College.
Answer:
Interpretation 2: The Press facilitated assimilation of Eastern and Western cultures in the country.

4. The Anti-Circular Society was organized in 1905.

Interpretation 1: It provided education to the students who were ousted from the government schools.
Interpretation 2: The Society encouraged the students to participate in the political movement.
Interpretation 3: The Society helped to educate the Working class.
Answer:
Interpretation 1: It provided education to the students who were ousted from the government schools.

Group C.

Answer the following questions in 2 or 3 sentences (any 11)

Question 1.
Would you say the music has been an integral part of Indian culture ?
Answer:
Indeed, music has been an integral part of the Indian culture. Since the time of the Vedas music is being practiced. The oldest preserved example of Indian music is to be sound in the Samaveda of the Vedic corpus.

Question 2.
How would you define ‘New Social History?
Answer:
‘New Social History’ or simply ‘social history’ is a branch of history that studies the experiences of common people. The New Social History emerged through the writings of British historians like Edward Thomson, Eric Hobsbawm, etc.

Question 3.
How would you explain ‘fashion’?
Answer:
‘Fashion’ may be defined as a popular style or practice particularly in clothing. It changes from time to time.

Question 4.
Why is government document important source of history ?
Answer:
Reports, intelligence reports, police reports, etc. may be regarded as government documents which constitute primary materials. Interpretation and analysis, etc. of such documents are the secondary documents.

Question 5.
Why was Bamabodhini periodical important ?
Answer:
Bamabodhini, a monthly journal edited by Umesh Chandra Dutta, was published in 1863. The journal greatly influenced the womenfolk in many ways, especially about their rights. Many women entered literary career through writing in Bamabodhini.

Question 6.
Who was John Elliot Drinkwater Bethune?
Answer:
Until Bethune’s arrival in India, the East India Company took little initiative to introduce female education in the country. As Bethune was aware of the suffering and deprivation of women in this country, he was eager to impart formal education to the girls.

Question 7.
How did Keshab Chandra Sen infuse new blood to the Brahmo Samaj ?
Answer:
Keshab Chandra infused new blood to the Brahmo Samaj as he included programme of social reform alongside missionary activities of the Samaj. Keshab Chandra also undertook welfare measures for the people in distress.

Question 8.
What is an ‘uprising’?
Answer:
An uprising may be defined as a protest organized locally against authority or certain governmental policy. There is little difference between rebellion and uprising.

Question 9.
Who were the Bheels ?
Answer:
Bheels were a section of the backward and warlike community of central India. They resorted to plunder and loot of rich landholders in their vicinity. Their plunder seriously affected the law and order of Khandesh.

Question 10.
What do you understand by the term ‘Age of Associations’?
Answer:
In the absence of political parties the associations used to play the role of representing the opinion of the people everywhere in the world. In India as well it was through the political associations of the nineteenth century that India entered into the arena of modern politics. Thus the ‘Age of Associations’ was crucial to the development of the country when a good number of political associations came to be established.

Question 11.
Write in short about the Eka Movement.
Answer:
During the period of the Non-Cooperation movement some insurgent peasants of United Province were active under the name Eka. The rebel peasants took the vow that they would pay only the recorded rent, and under any circumstances hey would not leave their land.

Question 12.
Write in short about the Indian Independence League.
Answer:
In 1928 the Indian Independence League was formed jointly by Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose. The Organization pressurized the Congress and Gandhiji to start movement for the attainment of Complete Independence (Poorna Swaraj).

Question 13.
How did the students participate in the Civil Disobedience movement ?
Answer:
With the outbreak of the Civil Disobedience Movement, the student community of Bengal became a formidable force. Between 1930 and 1933 as many as fifteen thousand students were imprisoned by the British on the charge of violating Section 144 or for picketing in front of business establishments.

Question 14.
Who was Jotiba Phule?
Answer:
A social reformer of Maharashtra, Jotiba Phule was pioneer in establishing a girls’ school at Poona (Pune) in 1851. The reform movement received further impetus when an organization named Paramhansa Mandali launched movement for breaking the caste rules and untouchability. Jotiba Phule also launched a fierce movement against the supremacy of Brahmmins in the Hindu society.

Question 15.
How was Junagadh acceded to the Indian Union?
Answer:
Muhammad Muhabay Khanji III, the ruling Nawab of Junagadh, declared accession to Pakistan. As a protest against this the people of Junagadh launched a fierce movement. In November 1947 the Government of India took over the administration at the express desire of the people of Junagadh.

Group D.

4. Answer the following questions in 7/8 sentences :

(Attempt one question from each sub-group: in all 6 questions)

Question 1.
Write how did Dinabandhu Mitra raise his voice against the oppressions of the indigo planters.
Answer:
The indigo rebellion of Bengal constituted an important chapter in the history of peasant movement in India during the British colonial rule. The most important aspect of the indigo rebellion was the support lent for the first time by the educated middle class to the rebel peasantry. Dinabandhu’s native home Jessore was one of the main centres of indigo cultivation.

Thus he had first-hand knowledge of how the indigo planters used to oppress the peasantry. In the play Neel Darpan Dinabandhu exposed the grim picture of inhuman villainy and torture perpetrated by the indigo planters. It was due to the efforts of Dinabandhu Mitra that the Bengali middle class came out in open support to the indigo rebels.

Question 2.
What were the contributions of Debendranath to the Brahmo Movement?
Answer:
After the death of Rammohan Roy the cause of Brahmo Movement was taken up by Debendranath Tagore. He infused a new life into the Brahmo movement. He founded the Tattwabodhini Sabha in 1839 that took over the charge of the Brahmo Samaj.

In fact, the credit of transforming the Brahmo Samaj into a distinctive religious order belongs to Debendranath Tagore. With a view to disseminating the doctrine of Brahmoism amongst the people Debendranath brought out the first number of Tattwabodhini Patrika in 1843. Later on, under the leadership of Keshab Chandra Sen the Brahmo Samaj emerged as the leading social organization of India.

Question 3.
What was the nature of the Revolt of 1857 ?
Answer:
The nature of the Revolt of 1857 is a very contentious issue, and debate over it started from the very moment of its happening.

a. Opinions are sharply divided as to whether the Revolt of 1857 was mere a mutiny or a War of Independence.

b. Considered from the nature of the rising the old school of historians found it difficult to call it a War of Independence on the following grounds

• There was no definite political ideal before the rebels. Though expulsion of the British was the immediate goal, there was no co-ordinated plan to establish an independent government in place of the British.
• There was no plan, no co-ordination among the rebels in different parts of the country. The fact that at least some of the zamindars and talukdars (landed magnates) participated in the rebellion would at best give it a feudal character as Jawaharlal Nehru pointed out.
• Common people did not participate in any measure that can legitimately give it the name of a ‘national rising’.

c. Professor S. N. Sen in his book entitled Eighteen Fifty-seven concluded that the mutiny of 1857 was not simply a rising of the sepoys. He argued that a national rising does not require participation of all people. Only an influential section of people had participated in the revolutions of France and America. On such arguments Professor Sen calls it a ‘national rising’, although to a limited extent.

Question 4.
How did the Calcutta Science College develop?
Answer:
The University College of Science and Technology is also known as the Rajabazar Science College. Officially, however, it is known as the Rashbehari Siksha Prangan. This is one of the four campuses the University of Calcutta has in Kolkata. The Science College was founded in 1914 by the then legendary Sri Asutosh Mukherjee, the then Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta.

The Science College was founded without any aid from the colonial British government in India. In fact, establishment of this science division of the University of Calcutta was possible due to the generous donation of about thirty-seven and half lacs of rupees made by Sri Rashbehari Ghosh and Sri Taraknath Palit together.

The Rajabazar Science College has been officially named Rashbehari Siksha Prangan in memory of Sri Rashbehari Ghosh, and the Ballygunge Science College is named Taraknath Siksha Prangan. The first batch of teachers included Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy, the Nobel laureate Sir Chandra Sekhar Venkata Raman, popularly known as ‘C. V. Raman’, Sisir Kumar Mitra, etc. The legendary 1915 M.Sc. batch comprised Satyendranath Bose, Meghnad Saha, Jnanchandra Ghosh and others.

Question 5.
How did printing press help the spread of education ?
Answer:
During the 18-19 centuries people in India were largely illiterate and would remain so for many centuries. But some educated enlightened Indians and a small number of professional people who lived and worked in towns, however, felt the need of books.

In India in the past, like many Western countries, copyists multiplied books by hand. But with the introduction of printing text books of all sorts, English and vernacular, grammars, elementary books were published that catered to the needs of the people.

In fact, printed books became a medium for the dissemination of knowledge. The elementary Bengali text book that deserves mention for the learning of Bengali language is that of Varna Parichay by Iswarchandra Vidyasagar. However, how printing helped dissemination of knowledge may be explained with an example.

The Baptist Mission and its Press printed and published text-books, religious books and other works in vernacular languages, and in English. Books translated from English to Bengali also included in the list of publications. All this facilitated spread of education.

Question 6.
How did the Indian peasantry participate in the anti-Partition Movement ?
Answer:
A significant event in the early years of Indian national movement, particularly in Bengal, was the anti-Partition agitation. The announcement of partition set off a mighty upsurge. The anti-partition movement soon assumed an all-India character in which different classes of people participated. Despite the popular character of the anti-partition movement it must be admitted that it was largely confined to the urban middle class.

• The peasants’ participation was very much limited. Indeed, the Congress leadership did call upon the peasants to start a no-rent campaign. However, the participation of peasants in the movement was significant at least in some parts of the country.
• The indigo peasants of Champaran in Bihar rose in rebellion. Peasants’ disturbances took place in Assam and Mymensingh (in present Bangladesh).
• The Muslim peasants of Barisal (in present Bangladesh) were led by Aswini Kumar Datta. The Left politics did not emerge in India during the anti-Partition movement. As such there was no question of the Leftists’ leadership amongst the peasants.

Question 7.
How did the socialist influence strengthen the working class movement ?
Answer:
Socialist influences in Indian politics between 1921 and 1924 definitely strengthened the working class movement. Various socialist and communist groups that had emerged in different places were also engaged in organizing labour movements. Despite British Government’s action restraining the activities of the communists the Workers’ and Peasants’ Party (WPP) was formed in 1927. The initiative was taken by the communist leaders like S.A. Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, P.C. Joshi and Sohan Singh Josh.

The shortlived WPP rapidly spread its organization in the provincial and national levels. Another aspect of the WPP was that it functioned as a left-wing within the Congress. The WPP devoted itself, among other things, to the growth of class consciousness amongst the working class.

The objective of the WPP was to strive for a broad anti-imperialist front for the achievement of complete independence with the ultimate aim of establishment of socialism in the independent country. Though the WPP was short-lived, its units in some of the provinces emerged as the political party of the working class.

Question 8.
What was the part played by women in the Civil Disobedience Movement ?
Answer:
The Non Co-operation Movement was suspended by Gandhiji in 1922. But its suspension found its stronger follow-up in the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930). Participation of women in the Civil Disobedience constituted an important chapter in the history of women’s struggle in the freedom movement.

• Between 1930 and 1932 women in many places played an important role as they conducted picketing in front of the shops selling foreign goods.
• Women’s participation in the Movement, however, took various forms. While Parsee and Christian women residing in Bombay advocated female education, the Gujarati women, under the influence of Gandhiji, aimed at the attainment of Swaraj and women’s freedom.
• In Bengal, women leaders like Kumudini Bose, Latika Ghosh and Hemalata Tagore made sincere efforts promoting women’s welfare and training of women in some useful crafts.
• In U.P. Swarup Rani Nehru, Jawaharlal Nehru’s mother, burdened with age did not hesitate to vote for khadi in the streets. Thus Gandhiji’s Civil Disobedience found wonderful response from the Indian womenfolk.

Group E.

5. Answer any one question in 15/16 sentences :

Question 1.
Write about the spread of Western education under Indian initiative.
Answer:
The introduction of Western education was undoubtedly one of the main factors that caused the Indian awakening.
a. Raja Rammohan Roy : Raja Rammohan Roy was the first Indian to feel the need for Western education, and as such came to be known as the ‘first Modern Man of India’.

• Besides being an indirect supporter of the Hindu College Rammohan was the founder of the Anglo-Hindu School in 1822. In the school Western science, philosophy and literature were taught.
• Rammohan sent a memorial (petition) in 1823 to Lord Amherst advocating for the introduction of Western education in India.Communist Party of India and the communists were isolated from the peasants and workers.

b. Raja Radhakanta Deb: Though out and out a conservative Raja Radhakanta Dev was a promoter of English education and science. Radhakanta had deep respect for Tom Paine’s Age of Reason, which was the Bible of the Derozians. Aware of the importance of the study of science Radhakanta contributed liberally to the fund raiser for sending Indian youths to England for higher studies in medicine and surgery.

c. Other Initiatives : While missionaries were busy organizing English schools the Indians were not sitting idle. They founded a number of schools in Calcutta. The most popular amongst such schools was the Oriental Seminary founded by Gour Mohan Addy. Another English school of repute was the Arpooly Pathsala (Indian Awakenning and Bengal : p 108: Nemai Sadhan Bose).

After 1835 the number of English schools began to increase rapidly. Among the many new institutions opened was the Hooghly College founded in 1836. For this institution Haji Mohammad Mohsin’s property provided a princely donation. This college did much for the spread of English education, particularly among the Muslims. The above is in short the English institutions set up under Indian initiative.

Question 2.
What was the nature of participation of the Communist Party in the Indian national movement ?
Answer:
From the very beginning the Communist Party’s main form of political work was to organize peasants and workers and to work through them.

a. During the 20s of the twentieth century the communist organizers set up unions and organized strikes in India’s textile, jute and cotton mills, and in the railway workshops. But the greatest success was the strike for over six months by the Communist-led Girni Kamgar Union in 1928. Such successes, however, were short-lived.

b. The Meerut Conspiracy Case (1929) gave a severe blow to the activities of the communists. But the communists inflicted a deadly blow on themselves by breaking their connection with the Congress. The communist movement, however, was saved as many of the communists refused to stand apart from the Civil Disobedience Movement and actively participated in it.

c. There was a radical change in the situation in 1935 when the communists once again participated in the activities of the Congress.

d. The communists did not participate in the Quit India Movement. It has been pointed out by Professor Satyabrata Rai Chowdhuri that the Indian communists made mistake as regards national policy of the country.

e. In reconciling the events at home with the international communist movement they were accustomed to look to the (erstwhile) Soviet Union rather than the potentialities of the Indian national movement. However, after Hitler had invaded the Soviet Union in 1941 the Indian communists following the Peoples’ War line suspended all sorts of anti-Imperialist activities lest that would weaken the antifascist war efforts.

f. In the thesis the question of India’s independence was subordinated to the victory of the Soviet Union in the World War II. But this was an unreal expectation because the people of India wanted first to become independent with or without the victory of the Soviet Union. This line certainly isolated and discredited the

Question 3.
How did womenfolk participate in the Quit India Movement? What was the nature of women’s role in the armed revolutionary struggle ? 5+3
Answer:
a. Participation of Women in the Quit India Movement : Women’s participation in the Quit India Movement took various forms in rural and urban areas of the country. While in the rural areas the peasant women protested against prevalent land-system in city areas the message of fight for freedom was propagated through radio transmitter.

• In the rural areas the peasant women joined the men in lodging protest against the hike in land-revenue and other taxes imposed illegally. Also the women protested against the landholders’ rights.
• In Midnapur district of West Bengal, during the course of the Quit India Movement, the peasants attacked the police stations, even the communication network was disrupted by destroying telegraph lines.
• The incident that immortalized Midnapur in the history of the freedom movement was the lead given by Srimati Matangini Hazra, a 73-year-old widow in capturing the court and the police station of Tamluk.
• Usha Mehta, a patriot to the very core of her heart, set up a radio transmitter, known as the Vice of Freedom. Her intention was to circulate the information of war of freedom amongst the people of the country. Usha persisted with her task of broadcasting until she was arrested by the British police (12 November 1942) on the charge of sedition.

b. Nature of Women’s Role in the Armed RevolutionaryStruggle: In the revolutionary struggle participation of women presented a different picture than that of nonviolent struggle.

(i) Women’s involvement in the non-violent struggle had the support and encouragement of Gandhiji. But the women who participated in the armed struggle joined it on their own. That is to say, there had been no encouragement from any quarter to enthuse the women to join the revolutionary struggle.

(ii) In fact, the revolutionary secret societies made no concerted efforts to encourage the participation of women as Mahatma Gandhi had done in regard to the nonviolent activities.

(iii) Another important point to be noted is that direct participation of women in the revolutionary movement was not feasible also due to certain constraints. First, women were not allowed by their male relatives to join the revolutionary secret societies. Second, the risk was too high to allow women to participate in revolutionary feats on an equal basis with men.

(iv) However, in general the indirect participation of women helped the revolutionaries silently from the background. In the above context the revolutionary activities of Pritilata Waddedar and Kalpana Datta may be discussed.

Group F.

6. Answer the questions in a complete sentence

Question 1.
Which Act marked the beginning of Western education in India ?
Answer:
Macaulay’s Minute of 1835 marked the beginning of Western education in India.

Question 2.
Who was the founder of the Brahmo Samaj ?
Answer:
Rammohan Roy was the founder of the Brahmo Samaj

Question 3.
By which Act was the Remarriage of Hindu Widow made legal ?
Answer:
By Act XV Hindu Widow Remarriage was declared legal.

Question 4.
Who were the leaders of the Santal Rebellion of 1855 ?
Answer:
Kanu-Sidhu were the leaders of the Santal Rebellion of 1855

Question 5.
Which was the first linguistically organized state of India ?
Answer:
Hyderabad was the first linguistically organized state of India

7. Answer the following questions in 2/3 sentences :

Question1.
What do understand by the term ‘Local History’ ?
Answer:
Local History is a micro-level study that discloses historical episodes in particular local areas. In this regard mention may be made of Nikhilnath Roy’s Murshidabad Kahini, Kumudnath Mallick’s Nadiya Kahini, etc.

Question 2.
Which was the first association of India with political outlook ?
Answer:
Bangabhasa Prakashika Sabha is regarded as the first political association of India. Details about the activities of the Sabha are not known. But its meeting used to be held in every Thursday where political and other matters of public interest were discussed.

Question 3.
Why is Mangal Pandey important?
Answer:
In the Revolt of 1857 the first shot was fired at Barrackpore when Mangal Pandey shot at a European officer on 29 March 1857. Mangal Pandey along with some others were arrested and hanged after some time. Mangal Pandey is thus remembered for his heroic feat.

Question 4.
Why is Bina Das remembered?
Answer:
Bina Das joined Bhupal Bose’s revolutionary group in 1929. She is remembered as she made an attempt on the life of Stanley Jackson, the then Governor of Bengal. Bina’s action encouraged the youth of Bengal and it was very effective in awakening in them a deep sense of patriotism.

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 History Book Solutions and West Bengal Board Class 10 History Question Paper 2017 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

WBBSE Class 10 History Question Paper 2017

Group A.

1. Choose the correct option: 20×1=20

Question 1.
The game of football was introduced in india by :
a. English
c. French
b. Dutch
d. Portuguese
Answer:
a. English

Question 2.
Bipin Chandra Pal wrote :
a. Sattar Bathsar
b. Jeebon Smriti
c. A Nation in Making
d. Ananda Math
Answer:
a. Sattar Batsar

Question 3.
The editor of Bamabodhini Patrika was :
a. Umesh Chandra Datta
b. Sisir Kumar Ghosh
C Krishnachandra Majumder
d. Dwarakanath Vidyabhushan
Answer:
Umesh Chandra Datta

Question 4.
The General Committee of Public Instruction was formed in :
a. 1713 AD
b. 1913 AD
c 1813 AD
d. 1823 AD
Answer:
d. 1823 AD

Question 5.
‘Naba Bidhan’ was established by :
a. Dayanand Saraswati
b. Keshab Chandra Sen
c. Swami Vivekananda
d. Maharshi DebendranathTagore
Answer:
b. Keshab Chandra Sen

Question 6.
Sui Munda was the leader of :
a. Chuar Rebellion
b. Kol Rebellion
c. Santhal Hool
d. Munda Rebellion
Answer:
d. Munda Rebellion

Question 7.
By the Forest Law of 1878 AD forests were divided into :
a. two categories
b. three categories
c. four categories
d. five categories
Ans :
b. Three categories

Question 8.
The Great Revolt of 1857 was described as India’s First War of Independence :
a. Subhas Chandra Bose
b. Jawaharlal Nehru
c. V.D. Savarkar
d. Rashbehari Bose
Answer:
c. V.D. Savarkar

Question 9.
The first political association of India was :
a. Indian Association
b. Indian National Congress
c Bangabhasha Prakashika Sabha
d. Landholders’ Society
Answer:
c. Bangabhasha Prakashika Sabha

Question 10.
‘Bharat Mata’ was painted by :
a. Abanindrannath Tagore
b. Rabindranath Tagore
c. Nandalal Bose
d. Gaganendranath Tagore
Answer:
a. Abanindranath Tagore

Question 11.
The process of half-tone printing was introduced in India by :
a. Upendrakishore Roychowdhury
b. Sukumar Roy
c. Panchanan Karmakar
d. Charles Wilkins
Answer:
a. Upendrakishore Roychowdhury

Question 12.
Vishva-Bharati was founded by :
a. Iswarchandra Vidyasagar
b. Rabindranath Tagore
c. Swami Vivekananda
d. Debendranath Tagore
Answer:
b. Rabindranath Tagore

Question 13.
The leader of the ‘Eka’ movement was :
a. Madari Pasi
b. Dr. Ambedkar
c. Mahatma Gandhi
d. Baba Ramchandra
Answer:
a. Madari Pasi

Question 14.
All India Trade Union Congress was founded in :
a. 1917 AD
b. 1920 AD
c. 1927 AD
d. 1929 AD
Answer
b. 1920 AD

Question 15.
The Bardoli Satyagraha was held in :
a. Bombay
b. Punjab
c. Madras
d. Gujarat
Answer:
d. Gujarat

Question 16.
The Anti-Partition Movement in Bengal had taken place in :
a. 1904 AD
b. 1905 AD
c. 1906 AD
d. 1911 AD
Answer:
b. 1905 AD

Question 17.
Matangini Hazra was associated with the Quit India Movement in :
a. Tamluk
b. Sutahata
c. Barishal
d. Purulia
Answer:
a. Tamluk

Question 18.
Dipali Sangha was founded by :
a. Kalpana Datta
b. Lila Nag Roy.
c. Basanti Devi
d. Bina Das
Answer:
b. Lila Nag Roy.

Question 19.
‘Iron Man of India’ refers to :
a. Mahatma Gandhi
b. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
c. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
d. Rajendra Prasad
Answer:
b. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Question 20.
‘A Train to Pakistan’ was written by :
a. Jawaharlal Nehru
b. V. P. Menon
c. Khushwant Singh
d. Salman Rushdie
Answer:
c. Khushwant Singh

Group – B

Answer any Sixteen questions, taking at least one from each segment: 16×1=16

Answer in one sentence :

Question 1.
Who was the editor of ‘Somprakash’?
Answer:
The weekly newspaper ‘Somprakash’ was published in 1858 under the editorship of Iswarchandra Vidyasagar.

Question 2.
Where are government documents preserved?
Answer:
Government records are preserved in National Archives.

Question 3.
Which century is called the century of Renaissance in Bengal ?
Answer:
Nineteenth century is called the century of Renaissance in Bengal.

Question 4.
What is meant by ‘Ulgulan’?
Answer:
The Santhali term Ulgulan in English means the ‘great revolt’.

State whether True or False :

1. The Ramakrishna Mission was set up by Sri Ramakrishna.
Answer: False

2. Lord Dalhousie was the Governor-General of India during the Great Revolt.
Answer: False

3. Rabindranath Tagore supported the cause of the European community through the novel ‘Gora’.
Answer: False

4. Gandhiji and Dr. Ambedkar jointly fought for the rights of the dalit.
Answer: False

Match column ‘A’ with ‘B’ :

Column – A	Column – B
1. Aurobindo Ghosh	a. Indian National Army
2. Taraknath Palit	b. Bengal National School and College
3. Nabagopal Mitra	c. Bengal Technical Institute
3. Nabagopal Mitra	d. Hindu Mela

Answer:
1 – b, 2 – c, 3 -d, 4 -a

On the given outline map of India, locate and label the following places :

1. Regions of the Santhal Rebellion
2. A centre of the Indigo Revolt
3. The princely state of Hyderabad
4. The reorganized state of Gujarat
Answer:
See the attached Map of India where the four places have been located
OR
Only for the Visually-Challenged students.

Fill in the blanks :

1. _______ was known as ‘Master-da’.
Answer: Surya Sen

2. Wahabi means _______
Answer:
Path as shown by Muhammad

3. ‘Bartaman Bharat’ was written by _______.
Answer:
Swami Vivekananda

4. Hari Singh was the king of _______.
Answer:
Jammu and Kashmir

Match the statements below with their appropriate explanation :

1. Statement: The ‘Eka’ Movement was organized in Uttar Pradesh

Explanation 1: This was an individual movement
Explanation 2: This was a peasant movement
Explanation 3: This was a workers’ movement
Answer:
Explanation 2: This was a peasant movement

2. Statement: The Government of India framed the Meerut Conspiracy Case in 1929

Explanation 1: To suppress the revolutionaries
Explanation 2: To suppress the Civil Disobedience Movement
Explanation 3: To suppress countrywide Communist activities
Answer:
Explanation 3: To suppress countrywide Communist activities.

3. Statement: The leftists played an important role in the anti-colonial movement of the 20th century

Explanation 1: The leftists were the supporters of zamindars and industrialists
Explanation 2: They were the supporters of British imperialism
Explanation 3: They were the supporters of the united struggle of peasants and workers against the British rule
Answer:
Explanation 3: They were the supporters of the united struggle of peasants and workers against the British rule.

4. Statement: Indian women participated in the national movement for the first time during the anti-Partition Movement

Explanation 1: because they were inspired by Gandhiji
Explanation 2: because they were inspired by the revolutionary theories of Aurobindo Ghosh
Explanation 3: because they wanted to boycott foreign goods
Answer:
Explanation 3: Because they wanted to boycott foreign goods.

Group – C.

3. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences (any eleven) 11×2=22

Question 1.
What is Social History ?
Answer:
Social history is the history of entire society from socio-historical point of view. During the 1960s and 1970s social history caught the imagination of the young historians.

Question 2.
What is the importance of the newspapers as a source of history ?
Answer:
Newspapers are primary source of history. They reflect the period in which they are created and provide a glimpse into the society at the time. Not only social history, the newspapers are helpful for knowledge about contemporary political and economic history

Question 3.
Analyse the role of Raja Radhakanta Deb in promoting women’s education in bengal ?
Answer:
Radhakanta Deb was known to be a full-fledged conservative of the time. At the same time he was a promoter of women education. Making a distinction between girls of poor and wealthy families, Radhakanta favoured only the girls of poor families to go to schools.

Question 4.
Why was there a rift in the Brahmo Samaj of India ?
Answer:
A schism in the Brahmo Samaj became inevitable because Debendranath and Keshab Chandra had different views regaring the reform programme of the Brahmo Samaj. While Keshab Chandra considered reform of social evils was of utmost importance Debendranath did not favour any programme of social reform to be linked up with the propagation of Brahmo faith. Thus there occurred a rift in the Brahmo Samaj on the issue.

Question 5.
Was the Feraizi Movement a movement of religious revival ?
Answer:
Strictly speaking the Feraizi movement was not a revivalist movement. In the name of religion Dudumiyan, leader of the Feraizis made a fervent call to the community to rise against the zamindars, indigo-planters and money-lenders.

Question 6.
Briefly describe how the planters tortured the indigo planters.
Answer:
A vivid description may be had from the Neel Darpan written by Dinabandhu Mitra. The indigo planters forced the peasants to grow indigo though this was not at all profitable for the latter. The indigo planters also forcibly occupied cultivable land and used such land for growing indigo.

Question 7.
Why is the second half of the nineteenth century called the ‘age of associations’?
Answer:
It was not before the second half of the nineteenth century that associations with political agenda came into existence in India. Beginning with 1836 a number of political associations came to be established across the country which played an important role in moulding the politics of the country. Thus the second half of the nineteenth century called the ‘age of associations’.

Question 8.
How did the novel Ananda Math inspire the spirit of nationalism ?
Answer:
Written in the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion the Anandamath of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee instilled amongst the Indians the spirit of nationalism. The Anandamath offers an illustration of the gospel of Hindu patriotism. The song Bandemataram in Ananda Math gave impetus to various patriotic and national activities.

Question 9.
What was the role of the Indian Association for the cultivation of science in the development of Scientific education in Bengal ?
Answer:
The educated Bengali middle class desireous of cultivating scientific knowledge founded the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science in 1876. The Association contributed by attracting talented students and post-doctoral researchers from across the country. It also extended the laboratory facility to the undergraduate students of various schools and colleges.

Question 10.
What was the objective of founding the Vishva Bharati ?
Answer:
In Rabindranath’a own words the objective of the institution was ‘not merely to enrich ourselves through the fullness of knowledge’, but to establish bond of love and friendship between man and man. In a word, Rabindranath’s objective was to strike harmony amongst man, nature and god.

Question 11.
With what objectives was the All India Trade Union Congress founded ?
Answer:
The objectives of the AITUC were many.

• To co-ordinate the activities of all labour organizations in all trades and all provinces of India.
• To further the interest of Indian labour in matters economic, social and political.

Question 12.
Why was the Workers’ and Peasants’ Party formed ?
Answer:
The Workers’ and Peasants’ Party was formed by the Communists to generate class consciousness amongst the workers. The Party was also formed to awaken the workers to their legitimate economic and political grievances.

Question 13.
Why was the Rashid Ali Day observed ?
Answer:
The ‘Rashid Ali Day’ was observed in the background of the students’ movement that was on in Calcutta presently Kolkata. against the British Government’s decision to hold public trial of INA soldiers. Rashid Ali Day was observed on 11 February 1946 when the students of the city of Calcutta raised the demand for the release of Rashid Ali, an ex-INA soldier, from prison.

Question 14.
Who are known as dalits ?
Answer:
The word ‘dalit’originated from the Sanskrit root word ‘dal’, meaning downtrodden or oppressed. The word was first used by Jotiba Phule, the great reformer of Maharashtra. In fact, the dalits represented the most exploited and poorest sections in Hindu society.

Question 15.
What is meant by the Instrument of Accession?
Answer:
It is a legal document executed by Maharaja Hari Singh, ruler of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, on 26 October 1947. The document was made a part of the provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947. By executing the Instrument of Accession Maharaja Hari Singh agreed to accede to the Dominion of India.

Question 16.
Why was the Nehru-Liaqat Pact 1950 signed ?
Answer:
The Nehru Liaqat Pact was signed in New Delhi between the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and the Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan of Pakistan on April 8, 1950. The Pact was the result of six days of talks between the two. The Pact was to guarantee the rights of minorities in both India and Pakistan after the Partition of India and to avert another war between the two.

Group ‘D’

4. Answer any six questions in seven or eight sentences taking at least one from each segment :

Question 1.
Write a brief note on women’s history.
Answer:
Women’s history is a study of the role they have played in history. It includes the study of the history of the growth of different groups and their contributions. Besides, the women’s history constitutes examination how in the traditional recordings how the contributions of womenfolk had been minimized. Women’s study first was started in America.

Since then many universities there nowadays offer courses in the subject. Particularly after globalization women’s history has attracted the attention of scholars and significant researches on feminism have come out in the form of books. In India, particularly at the Jadavpur University of West Bengal opened a vibrant wing of women’s studies and published researches in the area.

Aluwalia’s Rethinking Boundaries of Faminism and Internationalism is a significant study on the subject of women’s history. Professor Sukumari Bhattacharya and Professor Bharati Roy have done a a lot of researches with regard to the position of women. These are some of the important studies on women’s history.

Question 2.
Explain Swami Vivekananda’s ideals of religious reform.
Answer:
Swami Vivekananda was convinced that the main current in Indian life was religion. Thus his ideal was to make it strong and he tried an upheaval in religion. Vivekananda’s attitude to religion and his description of it were marked by liberalism, humanism and refreshing boldness. His concept of religion was free from dogmatism, racialism, communalism or any other kind of narrowness.

His ideal of Hindu religion was not founded on the explanation offered by Shastric Pundits. In fact, he had fully inherited the synthesis of Sri Ramakrishnadeva and gave a new interpretation of traditional Hinduism. Vivekananda wanted to unify India under the banner of Vedanta, an expression of Hindu spirituality. To him Vedanta must cover the whole ground of Indian religious life.

Question 3.
Why did the Santhals rebel in 1855 ?
Answer:
The Santhal tribal community burst out in rebellion because their peaceful life was disturbed by the various agents of the colonial British rulers.

• The rent question created a stir amongst the Santhals. The rate of tax levied by the foreign rulers went on increasing to such an extent that they found it difficult to pay.
• The tax-collectors of the zamindars were in the habit of exacting extra-money besides the tax levied that enraged the Santhals.
• The Santhals were also subjected to oppression by the money-lenders. Rate of interest demanded at times ranged from 50 to 500 per cent that became unbearable.
• No less oppressive were the contractors who were mostly Europeans. Complaints made to the court against the oppressions being of no avail the Santhals took up arms against the oppressors

Question 4.
What was the attitude of the educated Bengali society towards the Great Revolt 1857. ?
Answer:
Despite controversy of opinion it may be said that the educated Bengali middle class was apathetic to the Revolt of 1857. The matter may be looked into from various angles.

• The Revolt of 1857 broke out over the religious question, relating to the greased cartridge in Enfield Rifle. This was quite in line with the orthodox Hindus of Calcutta who had suspected that the British were bent on destroying their religion. Thus the educated society of Bengal had no option but to oppose the Revolt of 1857.
• The political consciousness of the educated Bengali middle class saw no hope in the Revolt of 1857. Thus they did not lend support to the rebels of 1857. All this explain the attitude of the educated Bengali society towards the Great Revolt of 1857.

Question 5.
Explain the relation between printed books and the spread of education.
Answer:
Printed books are an important carrier of eduation. New ideas of the time found expression in printed form.

• Whether rich or poor books help the learners to educate themselves.
• Children of lesser-educated parents benefit the most from having books in the home.
• When there was no printing press printed books could not be available. The books on different subjects or topics help the spread of knowledge.
• Books facilitate health consciousness that has presently been treated as a part of general education.
• Books in libraries also help in a big way the spread of education. Libraries are particularly important because it is not possible always for individual to purchase or collect books on a particular subject. It is possible to understand from above how books help the spread of education.

Question 6.
What was the role of the Bengal Technical Institute in the development of technical education in Bengal ?
Answer:
The Bengal Technical Institute came to be established on 25 July 1906 under the umbrella of the Society for the Promotion of Technical Education. The institution came into being at a time when the anti-Partition agitation had been going on in full swing. The institute was housed at 92 Upper Circular Road, Calcutta.

The institute had three-level scheme of studies e.g. primary, intermediate and secondary. The primary level was meant for training artisans and skilled labourers. A close link with the contemporary upsurge of economic swadeshi is discernible as emphasis was laid on the course of studies in ceramics, soap-making, deying, tanning and candle and match manufacture. Illustrative swadeshi entrepreneurs joined the institute as instructors. Thus the Bengal Technical Education played an important role in meeting the need of the swadeshi days.

Question 7.
Write a note on the debate between Gandhi and Ambedkar on dalit rights.
Answer:
Despite their awareness of the problem of untouchability both Gandhiji and Ambedkar did not see eye to eye regarding the dalit issue. The difference between the two came in the open during the 30 of the nineteenth century. The difference between the two may be summed up in the following words: Gandhiji refused to view the dalits as a minority and as such there was no point in giving them political safeguard.

According to Gandhiji, the dalit issue essentially was a social problem, and that it should be left with the Hindu community to tackle. Dr. Ambedkar, on the other hand, described the dalits as slaves and advocated in favour of their communal representation. In his view the ‘untouchability’ constituted a definite set of interests which the untouchables alone could speak for.

Question 8.
How was India reorganized on the basis of language after Independence ?
Answer:
Even before the pre-Independence days the demand for creation of Provinces on lingual basis was fairly loud. After the achievement of Independence the issue of the linguistic principle in the reorganization of Provinces was not taken up lest it encouraged separatist tendencies. But as the people in the South agitated for the creation of Andhra on the linguistic basis the then Congress govt. had to yield. The province of Andhra was the first to be formed on linguistic principle.

Soon after, similar demands were raised by different people almost all over India. This led to the formation of the States Reorganization Commission in 1953 to reorganize the Indian states. On the basis of the report submitted by the Commission the States Reorganization Act was enacted in 1956. Accordingly, the states were reorganized largely on linguistic basis. This, however, did not satisfy all. At present (2017) 29 States and 7 Union Territories constitute the Union of India.

Group – E

5. Answer any one question in fifteen or sixteen sentences: 1×8=8

Question 1.
What was the Anglicist-Orientalist controversy in the field of education ?
Discuss the role of Calcutta University in the spread of higher education. 5+3=7
Answer:
a. By the Charter Act of 1813 the British Government in England directed the East India Company to spend yearly a sum of rupees one lac towards education in India. Despite the directive no initiative could be taken due to the controversy in the official circle as to what type of education was to be introduced in India. The Anglicists were those who favoured the introduction of Western learning while the Orientalists were in favour of disseminating the traditional oriental learning. This was the Anglicist-Orientalist controversy that continued till 1835.

b. Since its foundation the University of Calcutta has been an instrument for the spread of higher education in West Bengal. Besides preparing curriculums for the undergraduate and post-graduate students the University facilitates the scholars to undertake research work on various subjects. The Calcutta University also awards degrees to successful students in different levels of study. It is in this process that the University of Calcutta helps the spread of higher education.

Question 2.
Briefly discuss the nature of the Great Revolt of 1857.
Answer:
Opinions are sharply divided as regards the character of the Revolt of 1857. While some are of the opinion that it was nothing more than a revolt of the sepoys there are others who call it either a ‘war of independence’ or a popular revolt.

• The old school of historians found it difficult to call the Revolt of 1857 a ‘war of Independence’ on the ground that there was no plan, no co-ordination among the rebels of different parts of the country.
• Dr. S.N. Sen argued that the Revolt was not merely a rising of the sepoys. According to him, a national rising does not require participation of all people.
• Modern historians on the basis of available documents have come to the conclusion that though began with the rising of the sepoys the Revolt soon was joined by common people. As such the Revolt assumed the character of a popular revolt.
• Moreover, participation of common people with primitive weapons, indeed, speaks in favour of the Revolt of 1857 being a popular revolt.

Question 3.
Analyse the role women in the armed revolutionary struggle.
Answer:
There had been no encouragement from any quarter to enthuse the women to join the revolutionary struggle. In fact, the revolutionary secret societies made no concerted efforts to encourage the participation of women as Mahatma Gandhi had done in regard to the non-violent activities. Despite all this the women revolutionaries played a vital role in the armed revolutionary struggle.

i. The year 1932 was marked by the heroic activities of young revolutionaries of Chittagong under the leadership of Pritilata Waddedar. Under her a daring attack was made upon the Europeans at the Assam-Bengal Railway European Club at the Chittagong hills.

ii. Like Pritilata, Smt. Kalpana Datta, later on Kalpana Joshi. was one of the leading freedom fighters of the contemporary period. She became a member of the Indian Republican Army, Chittagong branch, and was a part of the armed resistance group led by Surya Sen. Thus women did not lag behind in participating in the armed revolutionary struggle.

Answer the following in a single sentence any four.

Question 1.
Who was the editor of Grambarta Prakashika?
Answer:
Grambarta Prakashika was a popular journal of Bengal published in 1863 under the editorship of Kangal Harinath Majumddar.

Question 2.
In which year was the Sadharan Brahmo Samaj established?
Answer:
The Sadharan Brahmo Samaj was formed in a public meeting of the Brahmos held on 15 May 1878.

Question 3.
Who were known as ‘Serampore Trio’?
Answer:
Joshua Marshman, William Carey and William Ward together were known as ‘Serampore Trio’.

Question 4.
Name a cartoonist.
Answer:
Gaganendranath Tagore was one of the famous cartoonists.

Question 5.
Who wrote Barna Parichay ?
Answer:
Iswarchandra Vidyasagar authored the Barna Parichay.

Question 6.
Who is the founder of Anti-Circular Society ?
Answer:
Sachindra Prasad Bose is the founder of the Anti-Circular Society.

Answer the following questions in two or three sentences any three.

Question 1.
What is meant by ‘local history’?
Answer:
Local history may be defined as the study of history in a geographically local context. Often such history concentrates on local community. It seeks to show how varied the study of local community can be.

Question 2.
Mention any two recommendations of Wood’s Despatch 1854.
Answer:
In his capacity as the President of the Board of Control in London Sir Charles Wood issued his famous Education Despatch in 1854, also known as Wood’s Despatch. Amongst other things, the Despatch recommended imparting education through the medium of Indian languages. The Despatch also recommended in favour of the grants-in-aid system in education and sanctioned the establishment of Universities in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.

Question 3.
Why is David Hare famous ?
Answer:
David Hare is famous because it was he who devoted time and energy to the welfare of the Indians. He sincerely helped the spread of Western education amongst the Indians. He also took leading part in setting up of English school in Calcutta.

Question 4.
State any two objectives of the Indian Association.
Answer:
Of the many objectives of the Indian Association the two most important were :

• Uniting the various people of India on the basis of a common political ideal.
• Promotion of friendly relations between the Hindus and Muslims of the country.

Question 5.
Who founded the Calcutta Science College and when?
Answer:
Calcutta Science College was founded in 1914 by the legendary Sri Asutosh Mukherjee, the then Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta. The College could be established with the financial assistance rendered by Rashbehari Ghosh and Taraknath Palit.

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 History Book Solutions and West Bengal Board Class 10 History Question Paper 2018 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

WBBSE Class 10 History Question Paper 2018

Group A.

1. Choose the correct option : 20×1=20

Question 1.
‘Jibaner Jharapata’ is :
a. A novel
b. A book of poems
c. A biography
d. An autobiography
Answer:
d. An autobiography

Question 2.
‘Somprakash’ was :
a. A Daily paper
b. A Weekly paper
c. A Fortnightly paper
d. A Monthly paper
Answer:
b. A Weekly paper

Question 3.
The publisher of English translation of ‘Neeldarpan’ was :
a. Kaliprasanna Singha
b. Michael Madhusudan Dutta
c. Harishchandra Mukhopadhyay
d. Rev. James Long
Answer:
d. Rev. James Long

Question 4.
The practice of Sati was prohibited in :
a. 1828 AD
b. 1829 AD
c. 1830 AD
d. 1826 AD
Answer:
d. 1829 AD

Question5.
The ideal of Sarva Dharma Samannwaya was propagated by :
a. Bijoy Krishna Goswami
b. Swami Vivekananda
c. Sri Ramakrishna
d. Keshab Chandra Sen
Answer:
c. Sri Ramakrishna

Question 6.
The Kol rebellion 1831-32. took place in :
a. Medinipore
b. Jhargram
c. Chhotonagpore
d. Ranchi
Answer:
c. Chhotonagpore

Question 7.
The First Forest Act was passed in India in :
a. 1859 AD
b. 1860 AD
c. 1865 AD
d. 1878 AD
Answer:
c. 1865 AD

Question 8.
The Revolt of 1857 was described as India’s First War of Independence by :
a. Subhas Chandra Bose
b. Jawaharlal Nehru
c. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
d. Dadabhai Naoraji
Answer:
c. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar

Question 9.
The rule of the East India Company in India came to an end in :
a. 1857 AD
b. 1858 AD
c. 1919 AD
d. 1947 AD
Answer:
d. 1858 AD

Question 10.
First President of the Indian Association was :
a. Surendranath Bandyopadhyay
b. Anandamohan Bose
c. Rev. Krishnamohan Bandyopadhyay
d. Sibnath Sastri
Answer:
c. Rev. Krishnamohan Bandyopadhyay

Question 11.
The first printed book in the Bangali language was :
a. Barnaparichay
b. A Grammar of the Bengali Language
c. Bengal Samachar Matier
d. Annadamangal
Answer:
b. A Grammar of the Bengali Language

Question 12.
The scientist of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science who was awarded Nobel Prize was :
a. Jagadishchandra Bose
b. C. V. Raman
c. Prafullachandrra Roy
d. Satyendranath Bose
Answer:
b. C. V. Raman

Question 13.
The Boycott movement economically affected :
a. The peasants of Bengal
b. The Middle Class
c. The Zamindars
d. Students
Answer:
a. The peasants of Bengal

Question 14
Baba Ramchandra led peasants’ movement in :
a. Bihar
b. United Province
c. Rajasthan
d. Maharashtra
Answer:
b. United Province

Question 15.
The Rampa tribal rebellion was organized in :
a. Malabar region
b. Konkon Coastal area
c. Orissa
d. Godavari Valley
Answer:
d. Godavari Valley

Question 16.
‘Nari Karma Mandir’ was established by :
a. Urmila Devi
b. Basanti Devi
c. Kalpana Datta
d. Leela Roy Nag.
Answer:
b. Basanti Devi

Question 17.
The revolutionary group founded by Surya Sen was known as :
a. Anushilan Samity
b. Gadar Dal
c. Indian Republican Army
d. Bengal Volunteers
Answer:
c. Indian Republican Army

Question 18.
The Dalits were called ‘Harijan’ by :
a. Jyotiba Phule
b. Narayana Guru
c. Gandhiji
d. Dr. Ambedkar
Answer:
c. Gandhiji

Question 19.
Separate linguistic state of Andhra Pradesh was formed in the year:
a. 1947 AD
b. 1950 AD
c. 1953 AD
d. 1955 AD
Answer:
c. 1953 AD

Question 20.
Goa became a part of India in :
a. 1947 AD
b. 1956 AD
c. 1961 AD
d. 1971 AD
Answer:
c. 1961 AD

Group B.

2. Answer the following questions: 16×1=16

(Attempt one question from each sub-group; in all answer 16 questions)

Answer each of the following questions in one sentence: 1×4=4

Question 1.
In which historical context was the ‘Bharatmata’ painted?
Answer:
The ‘Bharatmata’ was painted in the historical context of the Swadeshi movement.

Question 2.
Where was founded the All India Trade Union Congress (1920)?
Answer:
The All India Trade Union Congress was founded in Bombay.

Question 3.
In which year was the Forward Bloc founded?
Answer:
The Forward Bloc was founded by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1939.

Question 4.
Who was the founder of the Mathua community?
Answer:
Harichand Thakur was the founder of the Mathua community.

Identify which of the following is ‘True’ and which is ‘False’ :

1. Uday Shankar encouraged the educated middle class Bengalees in dance.
Answer: True

2. The Indian Association protested against the Ilbert Bill.
Answer: False

3. Faraji is the name of an ancient tribe.
Answer: False

4. Vidyasagar introduced Lino type in Bengali.
Answer: False

Match Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’ : 1×4=4

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Aurobindo Ghosh	a. Indian National Army
1. Jawaharlal Nehru	a. Non Co-operation Movement
2. Birendranath Sashmal	b. Poona Pact (1932)
3. Kaliprasanna Singha	c. ‘Letters from a Father to his Daughter’
4. Dr. Ambedkar	d. Hutum Pyanchar Naksha

Answer:
1- c, 2 -a, 3 -d, 4 – b

On the given outline map of India, locate and label the following places: 1×4=4

1. Areas of the Chuar Rebellion – Bankura and South-West region of Midinipur
2. Region of the Munda Revolt – Chhotonagpur
3. Centre of 1857 Revolt – Jhansi
4. Princely State – Junagarh
Answer:
See the attached Map of India where the four places have been located?

(Only For The Visually-Challenged Students)

Fill in the blanks:

1. The Fort William College was established in _____ AD.
Answer: 1800

2. _____ was the leader of Barasat revolt.
Answer: Titumir

3. Prafulla Chandra Roy was a Professor of _____.
Answer: Presidency College

4. _____ was known as ‘Masterda’.
Answer: Surya Sen

Select the correct interpretation of the following statements :

1 Statement: The nineteenth century Bengal Renaissance was limited in scope.

Interpretation 1: Because only rural Bengal experienced it.
Interpretation 2: Because the Renaissance was limited to the field of literature
Interpretation 3: Because the Renaissance was limited to western educated progressive society
Answer:
Interpretation 3: Because the Renaissance was limited to western educated progressive society

2. Statement: The British Government passed the Act III in 1872.

Interpretation 1: Its object was to unite the Hindu, Muslim and Christian communities.
Interpretation 2: Its object was to develop the economic, social and cultural development of the people.
Interpretation 3: Its object was to ban child-marriage and polygamy and also to legalize widow remarriage.
Answer:
Interpretation 3: Its object was to ban child-marriage and polygamy and also to legalize widow remarriage.

3. Statement: Rabindranath did not like the colonial system of Education.

Interpretation 1: Because this system was expensive
Interpretation 2: Because the medium of instruction was vernacular
Interpretation 3: Because this system did not help the mental development of the student
Answer:
Explanation 3: Because this system did not help the mental development of the student

4. Statement: Sarala Devi Chowdhurani established Lakshmir Bhandar.

Interpretation 1: To sell foreign goods
Interpretation 2: To help women who were engaged in movements
Interpretation 3: To sell indigenous goods
Answer:
Interpretation 3: To sell indigenous goods.

Group C.

3. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences only (any eleven)

Question 1.
What is the importance of history of environment ?
Answer:
The importance of history of environment lies in the fact that it helps to understand the human role in the conservation of nature. It also helps to realize the impact of human beings on pollution and health. It also opens our eyes for the scarcity of resources and their conservation for the future.

Question 2.
How are memoirs or autobiographies used as sources of modern Indian history?
Answer:
While autobiography tells the story of a life, a memoir often tells a story from life. In the reconstruction of modern Indian history the autobiographies of eminent personalities of contemporary India are of immense value. In this context the Jibamsmriti of Rabindranath, My Experiments with Truth of Mahatma Gandhi, etc. are most important.

Question 3.
What is Macaulay’s Minute?
Answer:
Macaulay’s Minute is a landmark in the history of education in India. In his Minute, known as Education Minute, Macaulay expressed in favour of introducing liberal education on Western lines through the medium of English in India.

Question 4.
What was the role of Young Bengal in social reform ?
Answer:
The students of Derozio, collectively known as the Young Bengal played an important role in social reform of contemporary India. They spoke loudly about the evil effects of idolatry and superstition. So much so that some of them even renounced the sacred thread (paita).

Question 5.
Why is Dudu Miyan remembered ?
Answer:
Dudumiyan, leader of the Ferazi movement, is remembered because he gave a fervent call to the peasants to rise against the oppressive zamindars, indigo-planters and money-lenders. He even declared thet Allah being the real owner of land, the zamindars had no right to levy tax on the peasants.

Question 6.
What was the role of Harishchandra Mukhopadhyay in the Indigo Revolt ?
Answer:
Harishchandra did not hesitate to publicize the grievances of the indigocultivators through the paper Hindoo Patriot of which he was the Editor. The financial help he rendered to the indigo cultivators virtually made him a pauper.

Question 7.
What was the main objective of the Queen’s Proclamation (1858) ?
Answer:
The main objective was to bring an end to the East India Company’s rule in India. Simultaneously, Queen Victoria of England directly assumed the responsibility of the Indian administration in her own hands

Question 8.
With what purposes are cartoons drawn?
Answer:
Cartoons are drawn in order to present a feature or a subject in a humourous way. These are often caricatures signifying disapproval of an incident or an action.

Question 9.
What was the role of Panchanan Karmakar in the development of printing press in Bengal ?
Answer:
Andrews, a Christian missionary, established a printing press at Hughli. In order to print Nathaniel Brassey Halhed’s A Grammar of the Bengal Language, he needed a Bangla type. Under the supervision of English typographer Charles Wilkins, Panchanan Karmakar created the first Bengali typeface for printing.

Question 10.
What is the importance of the Battala publications in the history of Bengali printing press ?
Answer:
Battala is the name of an area in North Calcutta (Kolkata) where printing and publication began in the 19th century. The Battala printers enriched their printing imitating the European technology of wood-cuts and lithographs. Using such technology they decorated their books with illustrations.

Question 11.
Why was the Eka movement initiated ?
Answer:
The Eka movement was initiated by the peasants of U.P. against the oppression of the British officials. The peasants took a vow that they would pay only the recorded amount of rent.

Question 12.
Why was the Bardoli Satyagraha movement organized?
Answer:
The peasants of Bardoli in Surat district of Gujarat began Satyagraha movement under the leadership of Vallabhbhai Patel. The movement was organized in protest of an unprecedented hike in the land-revenue.

Question 13.
With what objective was the Anti-Circular Society founded ?
Answer:
The Anti-Circular Society was organized by Sachindranath Basu. The objective was to encourage the students to participate in the Swadeshi agitation. The Society also made necessary arrangements for education of the students who were expelled from schools and colleges by the government authorities.

Question 14.
Why was the Dipali Sangha established ?
Answer:
In 1924 Leela Roy organized the Dipali Sangha. The objective was to spread education amongst the womenfolk. But the real objective of the Sangha was to initiate the members to revolutionary ideal.

Question 15.
Under what circumstances did Hari Singh, the ruler of Kashmir, sign the Instrument of Accession ?
Answer:
In 1947 the Pathan tribesmen, unofficially led by Pakistan army, invaded Kashmir. Hari Singh, the then Maharaja of Kashmir, appealed to India for military help. India agreed to help on condition that the Maharaja would formally accede Kashmir to India. It was under this background that Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession.

Question 16.
Why was the States Reorganization Commision (1953) formed ?
Answer:
After Independence from the British rule the Government of India found it necessary to reorganize the state boundaries. Accordingly, the States Reorganization Commission was constituted in 1953 under the chairmanship of Fazl Ali.

Group ‘D’

4. Answer the following questions in seven or eight sentences each :

(Attempt one question from each Sub-group. Answer six questions in all)

Question 1.
What picture of 19th century Bengalee society is revealed in the book ‘Hutom Pyanchar Naksha’?
Answer:
Hutom Pyanchar Naksha, written by Kaliprasanna Singha was first published in 1862. The book occupies a special place in Bengali literature. During the nineteenth century several factors caused some kind of strain within the Bengalee society. The factors included conversion to Christianity, emergence of Brahmoism, sea-voyage, declared irreligious by the orthodox section, etc.

Simultaneously, social reform programme was adopted by the reformers of the time, etc. All this which caused turmoil in the society found expression in the pages of the Hootum Pyanchar Naksha. Hootum was a keen observer. It looked at the changes that had been taking place. He noticed and expressed with irony and humour how the old and the new lived side by side.

Question 2.
What role did the Calcutta Medical College play in the field of medical science in this country?
Answer:
Calcutta Medical College of Bengal founded in 1835 was the first institution in India imparting systematic education in Western medicine. The College that was established by an order of 28 January 1835 ushered in a new era in the history of medical education in India. The stated objective was to train native youths aged between 14 and 20 in the principles and practices of medical science in accordance with the European model.

This marked the end of official patronage of indigenous medical learning. Different sections of the Indian population responded to this newly founded system of education in different ways. The Calcutta Medical College was the first in the country to teach European medicine system. Besides, Madhusudan Gupta stands out as the person who first dissected a corpse at Calcutta Medical College.

Question 3.
With what objectives did the colonial Government enact the Forest Laws ?
Answer:
The objective of the colonial British Government in enacting the Forest Laws was to control the forest resources of the country. In fact, the needs and greed of the colonial rulers dictated them to introduce the Forest Acts. As the colonial rulers needed timber for the mother-country, Britain’s, ship-building and laying of the railway lines, the Government introduced Forest laws restricting the common people’s access to the forest resources.

Another motive of the colonial government was to earn more and more revenue by commercializing the forest resources of India. Total governmental control over the forests through the Forest Acts also aimed at expansion of the state power. This also constituted curtailment of local communities’ free access to the forests and rights over forest resources. The above are some of the objectives of the colonial government in enacting the Forest Acts.

Question 4.
Can the Great Revolt of 1857 be termed as feudal revolt ?
Answer:
Opinions vary regarding the nature of the Revolt of 1857 . Debate over it started from the very moment of its happening. Different opinions have been expressed by renowned litterateurs and historians. Jawaharlal Nehru, for example, emphasized the feudal character of the Revolt of 1857. According to him, there was no plan, no coordination among the rebels of different regions of the country.

Moreover, as some of the zamindars and talukdars (landed magnates) participated in the Revolt would at best give it a feudal character. Modern historians, however, are of the opinion that though began with the uprising of the sepoys it soon assumed the nature of a revolt of the civilian population which gave it the character of a popular upsurge in the form of a revolt. Thus Revolt of 1857 cannot be termed as a ‘feudal revolt’.

Question 5.
What was the contribution of Ganga Kishore Bhattacharyya in the growth of Bengali printing press?
Answer:
Ganga Kishore Bhattacharya was a versatile genius. He was a writer, editor, printer and publisher at the one and the same time. He was credited with publishing the first Bengali newspaper – Bengal Gazette. Gangakishore was a prolific writer and wrote several books to fulfill the needs of the people.

He wrote A Grammar of English Language in simple Bengali language for the benefit of the students. Besides, he wrote several books in Bengali on business and economics. He also wrote books on medicine and chemistry in Bengali. As an editor Gangakishore Bhattacharya attempted to utilize the press for social reform.

Question 6.
How did the Serampore Mission Press develop into a front ranking printing press?
Answer:
With the foundation of the Serampore Mission in 1800 began a new era in the history of missionary activities in India. But no less important was the activity of the mission in the field of printing. In his mission to translate Christian scripture in vernacular languages of India William Carey translated almost the entire Bible in Bengali.

Carey also brought with him an old press machinery and set up a printing press. This was the Serampore Mission Press that published the first New Testament in Bengali in 1801. Not only that, the Serampore Mission Press developed into the biggest type-foundry in contemporary Asia. Greatest contribution of the Serampore Mission Press was that it printed and published the Bible translated into forty Indian languages. In the process of translation the Serampore Mission Press contributed to the growth of numerous Indian languages.

Question 7.
Write a short note on the Refugee problem in India after Partition (1947).
Answer:
Partition resulted in killing of several thousands of people. A few times more than that people were displaced and uprooted from their homeland were to find their way to the Indian side of Bengal (West Bengal) and Punjab. People having some money at their disposal could reconstruct their lives in West Bengal with relative ease. But for most people it was not possible.

Some went to the refugee camps set up by the Government in West Bengal while others settled in the squatters’ colonies (refugee colony as they were called in Bengali language). At the initial stage the Government of India was primarily concerned about the rehabilitation of the refugees from West Pakistan. The national leadership was undecided regarding the responsibilities towards the Hindu refugees who migrated in huge numbers to West Bengal from East Pakistan.

Question 8.
How was the princely state of Hyderabad incorporated into India?
Answer:
Hyderabad was the largest of the princely states, and was surrounded by Indian territory. At the time the British left India Mir Osman Ali Khan Asaf Jah VII was the ruling Nizam of Hyderabad. He refused to join either India or Pakistan, and preferred to remain as the ruler of an independent kingdom. The prevailing internal chaos and confusion in Hyderabad which was a cause of alarm to the Government of India further complicated the situation.

In fact, a reign of terror was let loose in Hyderabad by the Razakars under the leadership of Qasim Rizvi. When repeated protests and attempts at peaceful solution seemed to be of no avail and the danger to people and their life and property continued unabated the Government of India decided upon ‘police action’ in Hyderabad.

Indian military forces under the command of General J.N. Chaudhuri entered Hyderabad 13 September (1949) and by 16th Nizam surrendered. In November, the Nizam formally joined the Indian Union. This was how Hyderabad was annexed to India.

Group ‘E’

Answer any one question in fifteen or sixteen sentences: 1×8=8

Question 1.
What was the role of the various Brahmo Samajas in the movement for social reform in the nineteenth century Bengal ?
Answer:
The Brahma Samaj founded by Rammohan Roy was destined to become a dynamic force for progressive movements in Bengal. Under Rammohan the Brahmo Samaj worked hard for a classless society and regeneration of womenfolk. Under Debendranath Tagore the Brahmo Samaj aimed at social reform like promoting female education, abolition of child marriage.

With the joining of Keshab Chandra Sen the Brahmo Samaj took up a large scale programme of social reform. After Keshab Chandra Sen broke away from the Brahmo Samaj and formed the Brahmo Samaj of India in 1865 the later created an enthusiasm for social reform amongst the youths of Bengal. A further division in the Brahmo movement became inevitable when most of the followers of Keshab Chandra Sen renounced his leadership. Such people formed the Sadharan Brahmo Samaj in 1878.

The social reform carried out by Sadharan Brahmo Samaj caused much uplift in the position of women. There was no distinction in the point of education between boys and girls. Yet another splinter group of the Brahmo Samaj was the Nababidhan formed by Keshab Chandra Sen. Nababidhan was purely a religious organization practicing amity friendly relationship between the Islam Christianity and Shivism (Hinduism).

Question 2.
Briefly discuss the ideas of Rabindranath Tagore on the synthesis between Nature, Man and Education,
Answer:
Elaborating his own ideas about the aims of education Rabindranath said that the fundamental purpose of education was not “….merely to enrich ourselves through the fullness of knowledge…”. Rather he believed that the purpose also was to establish bond of love and friendship between man and man. Thus it may be said that Rabindranath’s approach to education was humanistic.

He believed in an inner harmony amongst man, nature and god. In Rabindranath’s idea of education teachers had to be imaginative. The teachers should understand the child, and help the child to develop curiosity in them. Tagore further felt that the creative learning could be encouraged only within natural environment. Living in harmony with nature, children would be able to cultivate their natural creativity

Question 3.
Discuss the role of the Leftists in the Anti-Colonial Movements of the 20th century.
Answer:
Attracted by the Leftist ideas Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose jointly formed the Indian Independence League in 1928. Apart from the Congressite ‘Leftists’ like Nehru and Bose there were many other Congress workers who were wedded to the leftist ideal. Such leftists of the Congress fold established the Congress Socialist Party.

The members of the Party demanded: All powers to the people who are associated with production; Socialization of industries and all other productive organizations; State control over foreign trade; State to recognize the right to work, etc. After formation of the Communist Party of India in 1925 the Communists set up unions and organized strikes in India’s cotton, textile, jute and other mills including railway workshops. Initially, the Communists participated in the Congress programme against the British misrule. But they refrained from participating in the Quit India Movement of 1942. This, however, discredited the Communists as a result of which they were isolated from the peasants and workers.

6. Answer the following in a single sentence (any four) 4×1=4

Question 1.
Who established the Atmiya Sabha?
Answer:
It was Rammohan Roy who established the Atmiya Sabha in 1815.

Question 2.
What is the meaning of ‘Hul’ ?
Answer:
In the Santhali language ‘Hul’ means rebellion.

Question 3.
Name one of the founders of the Indian Association.
Answer:
Surendranath Banerjee was one of the founders of the Indian Association.

Question 4.
Who established the Basu Bigyan Mandir?
Answer:
In 1917 Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose founded the Basu Bigyan Mandir

Question 5.
Who earned the epithet ‘Sardar’?
Answer:
Ballabhbhai Patel earned the epithet ‘Sardar’.

Question 6.
Who was known as ‘Gandhiburi’?
Answer:
Matangini Hazra of Medinipur was known as ‘Gandhiburi’.

Answer the following questions in two or three sentences (any three) 2×3=6

Question 1.
Why is Madhuusudan Gupta remembered’?
Answer:
Madhusudan Gupta is remembered as the person who for the first time dissected a corpse at Calcutta Medical College. He broke the taboo prevalent amongst the Hindus concerning the pollution in touching human corpse.

Question 2.
What were the causes of Kol Rebellion (1831-32) ?
Answer:
The Kols grew restive over the increasing encroachment on their tribal territories by the non-tribals like the Sikhs and Muslims. Moreover, the new non-tribal landlords compelled people to forced labour, fines and often ‘took away their cattle’. All this led the tribal Kols to burst out in rebellion.

Question 3.
Write two objectives of the Hindu Mela.
Answer:
One of the objectives of the Hindu Mela was to foster the spirit of self-help which, was considered essential for the progress and welfare of the nation. Another objective was to help building up of the Indian economy. There were of course many other objectives of the Hindu Mela for the progress of the nation.

Question 4.
Why did the Moplah Revolt take place?
Answer:
Moplas were Muslim peasants who settled in the coast of Kerala and Maharashtra. The Moplah rebellion was basically a struggle between peasants and landlords. Though the landlords, incidentally, were mostly Hindus and the rebel peasants Muslims, yet the rebellion was not affected by communal frenzy.

Question 5.
Why is Pritilata Waddedar remembered?
Answer:
Pritilata Waddedar is remembered because of her heroic feat in leading seven young revolutionaries to attack the Europeans at the European Club of Chittagong. Pritilata was dressed as a soldier and others dressed as coachmen. During the attack Pritilata suddenly got a bullet injury and fell down. She brought an end to her life by taking poison.

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 History Book Solutions and West Bengal Board Class 10 History Question Paper 2019 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

WBBSE Class 10 History Question Paper 2019

Group A

1. Choose the correct option : 20×1=20

Question 1.
Mohan Bagan Club won the I.F.A. Shield in the year :
a. 1890 AD
b. 1905 AD
c. 1911 AD
d. 1917 AD
Answer:
c. 1911 AD

Question 2.
‘Dadasaheb Phalke was associated with :
a. Films
b. Sports
c. Local History
d. Environmental History
Answer:
a. Films

Question 3.
The ‘Grambarta Prakashika’ was published from :
a. Jessore
b. Ranaghat
c. Kusthia
d. Barasat
Answer:
c. Kusthia

Question 4.
The first BA Examination of the Calcutta University was held in :
a. 1857 AD
b. 1858 AD
c. 1859 AD
d. 1860 AD
Answer:
d. 1858 AD

Question 5.
The first Principal of the Calcutta Medical College was :
a. Dr. M. J. Bramley
b. Dr. H. H. Goodeve
c. Dr. N. Wallich
d. Dr. J. Grant
Answer:
a. Dr. M. J. Bramley

Question 6.
Titu Mir’s real name was :
a. Chirag Ali
b. Hyder Ali
c. Mir Nisar Ali
d. Torap Ali
Answer:
c. Mir Nisar Ali

Question 7.
One of the leaders of the Sannyasi-Fakir rebellion was :
a. Rani Karnabati
b. Rani Shiromoni
c. Devi Chaudhurani
d. Rani Durgabati
Answer:
c. Devi Chaudhurani

Question 8.
The song “Bande Mataram” was composed in the year :
a. 1870 AD
b. 1872 AD
c. 1875 AD
d. 1876 AD
Answer:
c. 1875 AD

Question 9.
The ‘Bartaman Bharat’ was written by :
a. Akshay Kumar Datta
b. Rajnarayan Bose
c. Swami Vivekananda
d. 1947 AD
Answer:
c. Swami Vivekananda

Question 10.
Gaganendra Nath Tagore was a :
a. Musician
b. Dramatist
c. Poet
d. Cartoonist
Answer:
d. Cartoonist

Question 11.
‘Barnaparichay’ was published in :
a. 1845 AD
b. 1850 AD
c. 1855 AD
d. 1860 AD
Answer:
c. 1855

Question 12.
The Bengal Technical Institute was founded in :
a. 1905 AD
b. 1906 AD
b. 1911 AD
d. 1912 AD
Answer:
b. 1906 AD

Question 13.
The first President of the All India Kisan Sabha was :
a. N.G Ranga
b. Swami Sahajananda
c. Baba Ramchandra
d. Lala Lajpat Rai
Answer:
b. Swami Sahajanand

Question 14.
The Congress Socialist Party was formed in :
a. Calcutta
b. Delhi
c. Bombay
d. Madras
Answer:
c. Bombay

Question 15.
The Workers’ and Peasants’ Party was associated with :
a. The Rowlatt Satyagraha
b. The Non-Cooperation Movement
c. The Bardoli Satyagraha
d. The movement against the Simon Commission
Answer:
d. The movement against the Simon Commission

Question 16.
An attempt to assassinate Stanley Jackson, the Governor of Bengal was made by :
a. Bina Das
b. Kalpana Datta
c. Pritilata Waddedar
d. Suniti Choudhury
Answer:
a. Bina Das

Question 17.
The Secretary of the Anti-Circular Society was :
a. Sachindra Prasad Bose
b. Krishna Kumar Mitra
c. Chittaranjan Das
d. Anandamohan Bose
Answer:
a. Sachindra Prasad Bose

Question 18.
The Vykom satyagraha took place in :
a. Malabar
b. Madras
c. Maharashtra
d. Godavari Valley
Answer:
a. Malabar

Question 19.
The princely state which joined the Indian Union through a plebiscite was :
a. Kashmir
b. Hyderabad
c. Junagadh
d. Jaipur
Answer:
c. Junagadh

Question 20.
The linguistic state of Gujarat was formed in :
a. 1953 AD
b. 1965 AD
c. 1960 AD
d. 1965 AD
Answer:
c. 1960 AD

Group B

2. Answer any sixteen questions taking at least one from each Segment: 16×1=16

Answer in one sentence :

Question 1.
Who wrote the novel ‘Gora’?
Answer:
The novel ‘Gora’ was written by Rabindranath Tagore.

Question 2.
Write the name of the first illustrated book published in Bengali.
Answer:
Annada Mangal is the first pictorial Bengali book published in 1816.

Question 3.
In which year was the Serampore Mission Press founded ?
Answer:
In 1801 was founded the Serampore Mission Press.

Question 4.
With which movement was Usha Mehta associated ?
Answer:
Usha Mmehta was associated with Quit India Movement of 1942.

State whether ‘True’ or ‘False’ :

1.The Editor of the ‘Somprakash’ was Dwaraka Nath Vidyabhusan.
Answer: True

2. Kadambini Bose (Ganguli) was the first lady to be awarded the M.A. degree by Calcutta University.
Answer: False

3. One of the leaders of the armed revolutionary movement in Bengal was Basanti Devi.
Answer: False

4. Dipali Sangha was founded by Kalpana Datta.
Answer: False

Match Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’ :

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay	(a) Hindu Balika Vidyalaya
2. Nabagopal Mitra	(b) Peasant movement
3. Birendrranath Sasmal	(c) Hindu Mela
4 Drinkwater Bethune	(d) Bangadarshan

Answer:
1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a

On the given outline map of India, locate and label the following places: 1×4=4

1. Areas of the Santal Rebellion (1855)
2. Area of Barasat Rebellion
3. A centre of Indigo Rebellion: Jessore
4. Princely State of Hyderabad
Answer:
See the attached Map of India where the four places have been located

OR
(Only For The Visually-Challenged Students)

Fill in the blanks :

1. The name of Sarala Devi Chaudhurani’s autobiography is ——-
Answer: Jibaner Jhara Pata.

2. The Calcutta Medical College was established in ——-
Answer: 1835

3. Sui Munda was one of the leaders of ——- rebellion.
Answer: Santhal

4. The Indian Association was founded in ——-
Answer: 1876

Select the correct interpretation of the following statements: 1X4=4

1. Statement: Rammohan Roy wrote a letter to Lord Amherst (1823 AD)
Explanation 1: AppealIng to abolish the practice of Sali.
Explanation 2: Appealing to spread western education In India.
Explanation 3: Appealing to develop Sanskritic education In
India.
Answer:
Explanation 2: Appealing to spread western education In India.

2. Statement : Swami Vivekananda wrote the book ‘Bartaman Bharat’
Explanation 1: His aim was to write a history of modern India.
Explanation 2: His aim was to propagate Neo-Hinduism.
Explanation 3: His aim was to spread patriotism.
Answer:
Explanation 1: His aim was to write a history of modern India.

3. Statement: The anti-Partition movement in Bengal did not enunciate any programme for the peasants and working class.
Explanation 1: The peasants and workers were opposed to this movement
Explanation 2: British government issued prohibitory orders on the peasant-working class agitations
Explanation 3: Anti-Partition movement in Bengal was basically a middle-class movement
Answer:
Explanation 3: Anti-Partition movement in Bengal was basically a middle-class movement

4. Statement: Gandhiji did not support peasant movement against the zamindars
Explanation 1: Gandhiji was a representative of the zamindar class
Explanation 2: Gandhiji was against violent movements.
Explanation 3: Gandhiji believed in the synthesis of classes as against class struggle
Answer:
Explanation 3: Gandhiji believed in the synthesis of classes as against class struggle

Group C.

3. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences only (any eleven)

Question 1.
What is the importance of the study of local history ?
Answer:
Local history is an important area of socio-historical studies. Importance of the local history lies in the fact that it focuses on place names and seeks to uncover historical episodes behind them.

Question 2.
What are the ‘government document’?
Answer:
Government documents may be of various types such as reports, narratives, diary entries of police, intelligence reports and such other things. These are regarded as the primary source materials for the reconstruction of history. The government documents nowadays are preserved in the archives.

Question 3.
What is the difference between newspapers and periodicals ?
Answer:
‘Newspapers’ may be described as the collection of articles about current events published generally on a daily basis. ‘Periodicals’, on the other hand are magazines, journals, newsletters, etc. that are published in regular intervals. Despite difference both are important source of information for reconstruction of the history of modern India.

Question 4.
Who was Madhusudan Gupta?
Answer:
In the history of medical education in India the name of Madhusudan Gupta standa out as the person who first dissected a corpse at the Calcutta Medical College. The Hindus were under taboo concerning pollution in touching human corpses. Madhusudan Gupta, being a Hindu, was the first to overcome such prejudices and dissected dead bodies in the Medical College in 1836.

Question 5.
Why did the Sannyasi-Fakir rebellion fail ?
Answer:
The Sannyasi-Fakir rebellion failed at the first instance because of the changes in the objective factors. Internal feud between the Sannyasis and Fakirs was another cause that made failure of the rebellion inevitable. Repressive measures adopted by the British against the insurgents were another cause that led to the failure.

Question 6.
What was the role of the Christian Missionaries in the Indigo rebellion ?
Answer:
The missionaries stationed in the rural Bengal were aware of the inhuman atrocities committed by the indigo planters on the peasantry. For example, the British missionary Reverend James Long was the one who championed the cause of the indigo cultivators. The English version of the Neel Darpan was published in the name of James Long. The actual translation, however, had been done by Michael Madhusudan Datta. James Long also played an important role in the appointment of the Indigo Commission by the then British government.

Question 7.
State two differences between the Landholders’ Association and the Indian Association.
Answer:
As the name suggests the Landholders’ Society (Association ?) was an organization of the zamindars and advocated for the interests of the zamindars. The Indian Association, however, sought to unite various people of India on the basis of a common political ideal. Another difference between the two was that the Landholders’ Society showed the way how the Indian people could work in close association with the British. The Indian Association, however, encouraged the poor villagers to participate in the political movement.

Question 8.
What was the role of the painting ‘Bharatmata’ in the awakening of nationalism in the nineteenth century?
Answer:
Bharatmata painted in 1905 is the artistic visualization of the Swadeshi spirit done by Abanindranath Tagore. Bharatmata as a four-armed Hindu goddess has profound significance. Through the painting a call is given to the countrymen to participate in the national struggle.

Question 9.
Who was Charles Wilkins ?
Answer:
In 1785 for the first time in the world the Bhagwat Geeta was translated into English by Charles Wilkins. He was a founding member of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Also Wilkins invented the shape of the modern Bengali and French typefaces.

Question 10.
What was the importance of the introduction of linotype printing in Bengali ?
Answer:
The typephase – Linotype Bengali was invented by Dr. Fiona Ross in 1982. After the invention of linotype Bengali the printing in Bengali language, be it newspapers or books, became faster.

Question 11.
What was the role of Baba Ramchandra in the peasant movement ?
Answer:
After returning from Fiji Baba Ramchandra started organizing the peasants of Oudh. He organized a rebellion of the peasants against the zamindars who used to demand high revenue from the peasants.

Question 12.
Who was Madari Pasi ?
Answer:
Towards the end of the Non Co-operation Movement discontent of the peasants surfaced in some districts of U.P. The insurgent peasants were active under the name ‘Ekta’ or ‘Eka’, and were under the leadership of Madari Pasi (or Pasi Madari).

Question 13.
Why is Matangini Hazra remembered?
Answer:
Matangini Hazra is remembered because of her heroic feat during the Quit India Movement at Tamluk, in Medinipur district of West Bengal. It was she who led a large number of freedom fighters in capturing the Court and Police Station of Tamluk.

Question 14.
Who are known as Dalits?
Answer:
The word dalit originated from the Sanskrit root word dal, meaning downtrodden or oppressed. The word was first used by Jotiba Phule, the great social reformer of Maharashtra. In fact, the dalits represented the most exploited and poorest sectors in society. Of late, the term dalit is popularly used, though Mahatma Gandhi preferred to call them Harijan (children of God).

Question 15.
Why was the Dhar (Dar sic) Commission (1948) formed ?
Answer:
Immediately after Independence demand was raised from different regions of the country for the reorganization of States on linguistic basis. Consequently, the Government of India appointed the Linguistic Provinces Commission in 1948. As S.K. Dhar was the Chairman of the Commission it also came to be as the Dhar (Dar sic) Commission.

Question 16.
Who was Patti Sriramalu?
Answer:
A strong movement was launched in Andhra in favour of separation of Andhra from Madras Presidency. The movement was spearheaded by Patti Sriramalu, who was a great freedom fighter. He undertook a fast unto death over the demand. Andhra emerged as a separate Telegu linguistic State in 1957.

Group D.

4. Answer the following questions in seven or eight sentences each :4×6=24

(Attempt one question from each Sub-group. Answer six questions in all)

Question 1.
What reflections of nineteenth century Bengali society do we get from the drama ‘Nildarpan’ ?
Answer:
‘Neel Darpan’ (literally meaning An Indigo Mirror) is a Bengali play authored by Dinabandhu Mitra. The play was written in the background of the Indigo Revolt (1859-1860). Staying in Jessore Dinabandhu had the first-hand knowledge how the peasantry was treated by the indigo planters. In the play Neel Darpan Dinabandhu exposed the grim picture of inhuman villainy and torture perpetrated by the indigo planters most of whom were Europeans.

It was largely due to the efforts of Dinabandhu’s neel Darpan that the Bengalee middle class for the first time came out in open support to the indigo rebels. Though the main theme of the Neel Darpan was the plight of the indigo cultivators the play also highlighted the oppressive machinery of the colonial rulers that suppressed the resistance of the natives in local levels.

Question 2.
What role did Drinkwater Bethune play in spreading women’s education in the nineteenth century ?
Answer:
The name of Mr. John Elliot Drinkwater Bethune will be forever remembered in Bengal as a great patron of female education. He came to realize that unless elite people could be encouraged to send their girls to schools female education could not flourish. A humble beginning in this direction was made by Bethune when with the help of people like Ramgopal Ghosh, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar and others he set up Hindu Female School in 1849.

Bethune donated all his movable and immovable property to the school. This was the first such effort in Kolkata which had a major impact in the contemporary society of Bengal. Later on, in 1862-1863, the Hindu Female School was renamed as the Bethune School. Such was the role of Bethune spreading women’s education

Question 3.
What were the objectives behind the foundation of Hindu Mela ?
Answer:
Being inspired by a write-up of Rajnarayan Bose (Prospectus) Nabagopal Mitra established the Jatiya Mela, later renamed Hindu Mela in 1867. Ganendranath Tagore was the Secretary and Nabagopal Mitra the Assistant Secretary of the Hindu Mela. The objectives of the Hindu Mela were

• To foster the spirit of self-help,which was considered essential for the progress and welfare of the nation.
• Manohohon Bose, the great orator of the time, emphasized that national progress, national unity and practice of self-sufficiency must be the sacred goal of the Mela.
• Another objective of the Mela was to help building up of Indian economy.
• Propagation of the motto self-dependency throughout the country was another major objective of the Hindu Mela.

Question 4.
Why is the ‘Bangabhasha Prasikha Sabha’ regarded as the first political organization?
Answer:
In the early 19th century the politically conscious people of Bengal felt that for political movement it was necessary to set up a permanent association. In 1836 a humble attempt was made in Bengal to organize discussions on political matters by the foundation of the Bangabhasa Prakashika Sabha. The Sabha of Bengal is regarded as the first political association of India.

Details about the activities of the association are not available. But whatever little is known from its reference in different contemporary newspapers it may be said that the Bangabhasha Prakashika Sabha was the first political organization of India. In terms of the Rule 10 of the Sabha the members agreed to discuss only matters that adversely affected the country. For example, the members of the Sabha discussed imposition of tax on rent-free lands by the British administrators in India.

Question 5.
Explain the relation between printed books and the spread of education.
Answer:
Like many Western countries in India, too, copyists multiplied manuscripts of books by hand. Books made by copying was a lengthy process and consumed much time. With the introduction of printing press books could be produced in huge number and that even in short time. In fact, printed books became a medium for the dissemination of knowledge.

This may be explained by a few examples. The elementary Bengali text book that helped learning Bengali language for the beginners was the Barna Parichay published in 1855 . The middle class of the towns who were keen on educating themselves needed the help of study materials or books. The printing press fulfilled their need. Thus it may be said that printing press helped the spread of education.

Question 6.
What was the contribution of Dr. Mahendralal Sarkar in the cultivation of science?
Answer:
1. Mahendralal Sircar, who was a doctor, thought of doing something about the future of the country. The Calcutta Medical College and the Presidency College were basically teaching institutions. These could hardly offer facilities for conducting original investigations in science by the advanced students. Dr Sircar thought that for the country to make progress it was necessary for the students to take up science in a big way.

2. Dr. Sircar was encouraged in this idea by Father Eugene Lafont who was also in favour of promoting research and instructions in science in the country. Leading educationists and prominent citizens of Calcutta also came forward in this venture. These people not only helped Dr. Sircar with counsel but offered financial help so that an institution could be set up.

3. It was in this manner that India’s first non-official (non-government) scientific research institution, the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) came into being. With the foundation of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) began the scientific movement in the country under Indian initiative.

Question 7.
How did the Government of India tackle the question of integrating the princely states into the Indian Union ?
Answer:
It was Vallabhbhai Patel who with great skill and diplomacy successfully completed the accession of the princely states with the Indian Union. Sardar Patel followed the dual policy of carrot and stick.

• First, he tried to convince the princes the advantages they would derive being acceded to India.
• In the cases where the appeal was not responded to he did not hesitate to get those acceded through the application of force.

Response of the Princely States : Of the princely states that responded to the call of Sardar Patel mention may be made of Bhopal, Coochbehar, Tripura, Manipur, etc. There were also a number of states that merged with the neighbouring provinces.

These were : The princely state of Myurbhanj merged with Orissa (present Odisa), Kolhapur joined with Bombay, and Benaras with Uttar Pradesh. In a similar manner many other small states acceded to India. By 15 August 1947 excepting the states of Junagadh, JammuKashmir and Hyderabad all the princely states joined India.

Question 8.
How did the Kashmir problem originate ?
Answer:
The state of Kashmir bordered on both India and Pakistan. Its ruler Maharaja Hari Singh was a Hindu while it was a Muslim-dominated state, about 70 % of its population being Muslim. Pakistan demanded the inclusion of Kashmir in its dominion on the ground of Muslim majority. This was contrary to the joint declaration made earlier by both India and Pakistan.

In the declaration it was agreed by the both sides that the secession of a state would depend on the decision of the respective rulers of the princely states. It is interesting to note that Pakistan refused to accept the principle of plebiscite for deciding the issue of accession in the case of Junagadh. Sometime in October 1947 Pathan tribesmen led unofficially by Pakistan army invaded Kashmir and proceeded towards Srinagar, the capital of Kashmir. The Maharaja forthwith appealed to India for military assistance.

India, on her side, agreed to render military assistance only after the Maharaja formally acceded Kashmir to India on 26 October (1947). Simultaneously a popular government headed by Sheikh Abdullah replaced the monarchy in Kashmir. Maharaja Hari Singh abdicated voluntarily.

Pakistan, however, could not reconcile itself to the accession of Kashmir to the Indian Union. The Government of Pakistan also refused to vacate the part of Kashmir that it had occupied forcibly (since then known as POK, Pak-occupied Kashmir). After Pakistan’s defeat in a number of the Indo-Pak wars it has been systematically engaged in shadow war against India across the border.

Group E.

5. Answer any one question in fifteen or sixteen sentences: 1×8=8

Question 1.
Give a brief account of the Widow Remarriage Movement led by Vidyasagar. What was the extent of success of Vidyasagar in this field ?
Answer:
It was Iswarchandra Vidyasagar who began a campaign for widow remarriage during the mid-nineteenth century. He waged a long struggle in favour of widow remarriage. However, he realized that the campaign for widow remarriage would have an appeal to the general people if it was backed by reference to Shastric instructions. Thus Iswarchandra began studying sacred books.

i. Evidence of shastras : Vidyasagar finally found what he wanted in a verse of the Parasara Samhita. In one of the Slokas it has been categorically stated that a second marriage is sanctioned for women under certain conditions, and one of the conditions referred to is the death of husband of a married woman.

ii. Publication of Pamphlet : In 1855 Vidyasagar published a pamphlet on the issue of remarriage of Hindu widow. In the pamphlet he strongly refuted the argument advanced by the orthodox people imposing disability on widow for a remarriage.

iii. Success of Vidyasagar : Despite opposition from the conservative section of the Bengali Hindu society Vidyasagar was indeed successful in doing away with the unjustified practice of not allowing Hindu widows’ remarriage. Strengthened by the movement inaugurated by Vidyasagar for legalizing the remarriage of Hindu widows the British Government in India finally passed in 1856 the Hindu Widow Remarriage Act (Act XV). The legalized the remarriage of Hindu widows.

Question 2.
Give a brief description of the development of Technical Education in Bengal.
Answer:
Nineteenth century was a turning point in the history of the cultivation of scientific knowledge in Bengal. Bengal being the seat of the British government in India various sorts of activities of the British had its beginning in Bengal. In Bengal the British experimented with various technologies that they had imported.

The educated Bengalee middle class also desired that they should also be at the forefront of scientific knowledge and discoveries. It was in this background that the first non-official scientific research institution, the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science came to be established in 1876.

i. It was Mahendralal Sircar who was a doctor, thought of doing something about the future of the country. The Calcutta Medical College and the Presidency College were basically teaching institutions. These could hardly offer facilities for conductiig original investigations in science by the advanced students. Dr Sircar thought that for the country to make progress it was necessary for the students to take up science in a big way.

ii. Dr. Sircar was encouraged in this idea by Father Eugene Lafont who was also in favour of promoting research and instructions in science in the country. Leading educationists and prominent citizens of Calcutta also came forward in this venture. These people not only helped Dr. Sircar with counsel but offered financial help so that an institution could be set up.

iii. It was in this manner that India’s first non-official (non-government) scientific research institution, the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) came into being. With the foundation of the IACS began the scientific movement in the country under Indian initiative.

Question 3.
How did women participate in the anti-Parttion movement of Bengal ? What were the limitations of their movement ?
Answer:
a. One of the remarkable features of the Swadeshi, an integral part of the anti-partition movement, was the participation of women.

• Saraladebi spread the gospel of nationalism in Punjab and maintained close links with the Suhrid Samiti of Mymensingh (in present Bangladesh), a secret revolutionary society.
• Recent researches, however, revealed that apart from Saraladebi there were many other women who were drawn into the political struggle during the anti-partition agitation. Srimati Hemantakumari Choudhury was the one who edited the journal Antahpur between 1901 and 1904.
• The day of Partition (16 October 1905) was observed by the women folk throughout Bengal as the day of protest. About five hundred women gathered on the day of Partition in North Calcutta to watch the foundation of the Federation Hall, which was a symbol of unity of the Bengali people.
• In Dacca, an eleven-year old little girl, Ashalata Sen, under the inspiration of her grandmother, Nabashashi Sen, went visiting house after house encouraging women to join the Swadeshi cause.

b. However, a limitation in the participation of women in the anti-Partition movement was also very obvious. It has been pointed out by historian Professor Sumit Sarkar that with the exception of Sarala Devi no other girl could be induced to work as Swadeshi volunteer. Besides, inequality in sexes in those days also prevented participation of women in political movement. For that the country had to wait for Gandhiji.

6. Answer the following in a single sentence (any four) 1×4=4

1. Who wrote the drama ‘Nildarpan’?
Answer: The drama ‘Nildarpan’ was authored by Dinabandhu Mitra.

2. In which year was the Hindu College established ?
Answer: The Hindu College was established in 1817 AD.

3. Who wrote the ‘Anandamath’?
Answer: The ‘Anandamath’ was written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay.

4. In which year was the Viswabharati founded?
Answer: Viswabharati was founded in the year 1921.

5. Who was known as Masterda?
Answer: Surya Sen, a famous revolutionary was known as ‘Masterda’.

6. Who was the first President of the All India Trade Union Congress ?
Answer: Lala Lajpat Rai was the first elected President of the All India Trade Union Congress.

2. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences (any three) 2×3=6

Question 1.
Why is David Hare remembered ?
Answer:
David Hare is remembered as he was specially interested in spread of Western education in India. He took a leading part in establishing an English School in Calcutta. It was also due to his efforts that the Hindu College was opened in 1817. Next year he founded the School Book Society for printing and publishing English and Bengali books. He also worked hard for the freedom of Press.

Question 2.
What is meant by revolution?
Answer:
Revolution is one that brings about fundamental change. It may be a political event which may take place through violence. It may also take place peacefully.

Question 3.
Why was the ‘Rashid Ali Day’ observed ?
Answer:
The students community of Calcutta played an important role during the popular upsurge between 1945 and 1947. On 11 February 1946 a massive students’ agitation was organized demanding release of Captain Rashid Ali, an officer of the Azad Hind Fauz. The British police opened fire upon the procession killing 84 people. The incident was observed as the ‘Rashid Ali Day’.

Question 4.
What is meant by the ‘Instrument of Accession’?
Answer:
The Instrument of Accession is an agreement by which a state decides to join (accede to) another state. This is a legal document first introduced in 1935 by the Government of India Act. This was used in 1947 by the Government of India to enable the rulers of the princely states to join Indian Union.

Practicing with West Bengal Board Class 10 History Book Solutions and West Bengal Board Class 10 History Question Paper 2020 alongside detailed explanations can lead to a deeper understanding of the subject.

WBBSE Class 10 History Question Paper 2020

Group A:

1. Choose the correct option :

Question 1.
World Environment Day is observed on :
a. 8th January
b. 24th February
c. 8th March
d. 5th June
Answer:
d. 5th June

Question 2.
Indians learnt about the use of potato from :
a. Portuguese
b. The English
c. The Mughals
d. The Dutch
Answer:
a. Portuguese

Question 3.
The first official Education Commission Hunter Commission was formed in :
a. 1872 AD
b. 1878 AD
c. 1882 AD
d. 1890 AD
Answer:
c. 1882 AD

Question 4.
Debendranath Tagore joined the Brahmo Samaj in :
a. 1830 AD
b. 1833 AD
c. 1843 AD
d. 1850 AD
Answer:
d. 1843 AD

Question 5.
The Renaissance in Bengal was :
a. Individual centric
b. Institution centric
c. Calcutta based
d. Village based
Answer:
a. Calcutta based

Question 6.
The beneficiaries of the Second Forest Law 1878 were :
a. Tribal communities
b. The British Government
c. The merchant class
d. Both the British Government and the tribal communities
Answer:
b. The British Government

Question 7.
The word ‘hool’ denoted :
a. God
b. Freedom
c. Weapons
d. Revolt
Answer:
d. Revolt

Question 8.
The main objective of the Queen’s Proclamation 1858 was :
a. To gain obedience of the Indian people
b. To give the British the right of monopoly of trade in India
c. To grant the right of self-determination to the Indian subjects
d. To release the Indian prisoners of the Great Revolt of 1857
Answer:
a. To gain obedience of the Indian people

Question 9.
The President of the Landholders’ Society was :
a. Raja Radhakanta Dev
b. Prasanta Kumar Tagore
c. Raja Rammohan Roy
d. Dwaraka Nath Tagore
Answer:
d. Dwaraka Nath Tagore

Question 10.
The Secretary of the Hindu Mela was :
a. Nabagopal Mitra
b. Ganendranath Tagore
c. Rajnarain Bose
d. Ganendranath Tagore
Answer:
b. Ganendranath Tagore

Question 11.
The year in which the first Bengali book was printed was :
a. 1556 AD
b. 1778 AD
c. 1785 AD
d. 1800
Answer:
b. 1778 AD

Question 12.
The first Principal of the Bengal Technical Institute was :
a. Aurobindo Ghosh
b. Satish Chandra Bose
c. Jogesh Chandra Ghosh
d. Pramathanath Bose
Answer:
a. Aurobindo Ghosh

Question 13.
The person known as ‘Deshapran’ was :
a. Satish Chandra Samanta
b. Aswini Kumar Dutta
c. Birendranath Sasmal
d. Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
Answer:
c. Birendranath Sasmal

Question 14.
The Moplah Revolt 1921. took place in :
a. The Malabal Coast
b. The Konkan Coast
c. The Godavari Basin
d. The Telengana region
Answer:
a. The Malabar Coast

Question 15.
The Meerut Conspiracy Case 1929 was instituted against :
a. The Indian National Congress
b. The revolutionaries
c. The Trade union leaders
d. The Peasant leaders
Answer:
c. The Trade Union leaders

Question 16.
The Nari Satyagraha Samiti was founded during :
a. The Anti-Partition Movement in Bengal
b. The Non-Cooperation Movement
c. The Civil Disobedience Movement
d. The Quit India Movement
Answer:
c. The Civil Disobedience Movement

Question 17.
The person known as ‘Master-da’ was
a. Beni Madhav Das
b. Surya Sen
c. Krishna Kumar Mitra
d. Hem Chandra Ghosh
Answer:
b. Surya Sen

Question 18.
The Self-Respect Movement in Mmadras was started by :
a. Ramaswami Naicker
b. Narayan Guru
c. Bhim Rao Ambedkar
d. Gandhiji
Answer:
a. Ramaswami Naicker

Question 19.
The largest Princely State in India on the eve of Independence was :
a. Kashmir
b. Junagarh
c. Hyderabad
d. Jaipur
Answer:
c. Hyderabad

Question 20.
The reorganized State of Kerala is situated in :
a. The Godavari Basin
b. Southern Orissa
c. The Kathiawad peninsula
d. The Malabar Coast
Answer:
d. The Malabar Coast

Question 21.
The person known as ‘Deshapran’ was :
a. Satish Chandra Samanta
b. Aswini Kumar Dutta
c. Birendranath Sasmal
d. Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
Answer:
c. Birendranath Sasmal

Group B:

2. Answer the following questions (attempt one question from each sub-group. In all Answer 16 Questions): 16×1=16

Answer in one sentence :

Question 1.
What is the name of the autobiography of Bipin Chandra Pal?
Answer:
Sattar Batsar Seventy Years.

Question 2.
Who was the first Indian Vice-Chancellor of Calcutta University
Answer:
Gooroodas Banerjee was the first Indian to be appointed as the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta.

Question 3.
In which year was the Indigo Commission formed?
Answer:
In 1860 31 March. the British Government of India formed the Indigo Commission.

Question 4.
Who wrote the ‘Barna Parichay’?
Answer:
I swarchandra Vidyasagar

State whether ‘True’ or ‘False’ :

1. The book ‘Nadiya Kahini’ belongs to Urban History.
Answer: False [The book belongs to the category of Local History]

2. Baba Ramchandra was a leader of the Brahmo Samaj.
Answer: False [Baba Ramchandra was a peasant leader]

3. Subhas Chandra Bose founded the Forward Block…….
Answer: True

4. ‘Lakshmir Bhandar’ was founded by Basanti Devi
Answer:
False [Lakshmir Bhadar was formed by Sarala Devi Choudhurani in 1903]

Match Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’: 1×4= 4

Column A	Column B
1. Thomas Babington Macaulay	a. Landholders’ Society
2. Keshab Chandra Sen	b. Bartaman Bharat
3. Raja Radhakanta Deb	c. Western education
4. Swami Vivekananda	d. Nababidhan

Answer:
1-c,  2-d,  3-a,  4-b

On the given outline map of India, locate and label the following places: 1×4=4

1. A centre of Wahabi Movement in Bengal – Barasat
2. A centre of the Indigo Revolt – Jessore, Nadia
3. One of the centres of the Great Revolt of 1857 – Meerut
4. The reorganized State of Maharashtra
Answer:
See the attached Map of India where the four places have been located

OR
(Only For The Visually-Challenged Students)

Fill in the blanks :

1. A leader of the Sannyasi Revolt was —–
Answer: Bhwani Pathak

2. A centre of the Indigo Rebellion was —–
Answer: Nadia

3. The Governor-General of India at the time of Great Revolt (1857) was —–
Answer: Nadia

4. The Princely State of Hyderabad was incorporated into the Indian Union in —– AD
Answer: 1949

Select the correct interpretation of the following statements: 1×4=4

1. Statement: Halhed wrote his Bengali Grammar to teach the Bengali language to the British officials.

Explanation 1: As the British officials in India liked Bengali language and literature.
Explanation 2: As knowledge of Bengali language was essential for their promotion.
Explanation 3: As it was essential for the British officials to know the Bengali language in order to carry out commerce and administration in this country.
Answer:
Explanation 3: As it was essential for the British officials to know the Bengali language in order to carry out commerce and administration in this country.

2. Statement: The Bardoli Satyagraha was instituted in 1928 AD.

Explanation 1: It was a movement of the landless agricultural labourers against the exploitation of rich landed peasantry.
Explanation 2: It was a movement against the increased revenue demand of the Government by the rich landed peasantry.
Explanation 3: It was a joint movement of both the rich landed peasantry and the landless agricultural labourers against the revenue hike by the Government.
Answer:
Explanation 3: It was a joint movement of both the rich landed peasantry and the landless agricultural labourers against the revenue hike by the Government.

3. Statement : Bhogeshwari Phukonani was killed in Police firing during the Quit India Movement (1942).

Explanation 1: Bhogeswari Phukonani was killed in an armed encounter with the Police.
Explanation 2: The fugitive Bhogeswari Phukonani was shot dead by the Police when she refused to surrender.
Explanation 3: Bhogeswari Phukonani was shot dead by the Police while trying to hoist national flag at the Police station in the Nowgong District of Assam.
Answer:
Explanation 3: Bhogeswari Phukonani was shot dead by the Police while trying to hoist national flag at the Police station in Nowgong District of Assam.

4. Statement: Gandhiji began a fast unto death in protest against the Provision of separate electorate for the Depressed Classes Granted in the Communal Award (1932)

Explanation 1: Gandhiji was opposed to the electoral rights of the Depressed Classes.
Explanation 2: Gandhiji began his fast to oppose the attempt to create a division within the Hindu community.
Explanation 3: Gandhiji believed in the synthesis of classes as against class struggle
Answer:
Explanation 3: Gandhiji believed in the synthesis of classes as against class struggle

Group C:

3. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences only (any eleven) 2×11=22

Question 1.
What are the limitations of government document as sources of modern Indian history?
Answer:
Government documents, particularly those belonging to the colonial government suffer from certain limitations. For example, genuine public grievances were viewed as riots or as breach of law and order. In such a situation it is necessary to view the government records objectively.

Question 2.
What is meant by Autobiography and Memoir?
Answer:
Autobiography tells the story of a life. In the reconstruction of history the autobiographies of eminent personalities are of immense value. Memoir often tells a story from life. Memoir may also be described as a historical event written from personal knowledge.

Question 3.
What was the principal objective of the Christian missionaries in introducing Western education in India?
Answer:
The Christian missionaries were like torch-bearers of Western education in India. In charity schools where they taught English language they preached Christianity. Their principal objective was to spread Christianity in India.

Question 4.
What is meant by ‘Navavidhan’?
Answer:
On 25 January 1880 Keshabchandra Sen announced his Navavidhan or New Dispensation. Through this he declared ‘Harmony of Religions’. Two cardinal principles of Navavidhhan were – All religions are true, and Pilgrimage to the prophets and saints (Sadhusangam) are essential.

Question 5.
What was the significance of the Chuar Revolt (1798-1799)?
Answer:
Significance of the Chuar Revolt was that the Chuar tribals of Bankura and Medinipur burst into rebellion against the oppressions of the British rulers and their agents like the money-lenders, contractors, etc. Another significance of the Revolt was that the small zaminders of Bankura and Medinipur also aligned themselves with the Chuar rebels. Further, the Revolt forced the British to stop immediately the take-over of the rent-free Paikan land.

Question 6.
Was the Feraizi Rebellion simply a religious movement?
Answer:
Under Haji Shhariatullah, the founder of the Feraizi brotherhood, the Rebellion remained strictly confined to a religious movement. Later on, under the leadership of Dudumiyan the movement assumed the character of a peasant revolt. Of course even under Dudumiyan the Ferazis could not completely come out of the influence of religion.

Question 7.
With what objective was the Landholders’ Society founded?
Answer:
As the name suggests the Landholders’ Society was an organization of the landholders or zamindars and advocated for their interests only, not of cultivators or tenants. Another object of the Society was to set up branch societies across the British Indian Empire so that regular communication could be made with people connected with the object of the Society.

Question 8.
What was the contribution of the novel ‘Anandamath’ to the rise of national awakening in the nineteenth century?
Answer:
Written (in 1882) in the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion the Anandamath of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee has significant contributions to inspire the youth. The novel also contained the Bande Mataram which was the inspirational song for youths in the freedom movement of the country. Anandamath encouraged an idea and principle of nationalism in the late eighteenth century.

Question 9.
What was the impact of the development of printing press on the cultural life of Bengal?
Answer:
The print media has useful contribution to the development of culture. Starting from the standardization of Bengali language to the fashion designing the newspapers, books, etc. played a key role in contemporary Bengal. Moreover, the articles published on the contemporary social abuses also made people conscious about these and helped to create a mindset for their eradication.

Question 10.
Why was the colonial system of education defective?
Answer:
The colonial system of education in India was defective on many a count.

• As a result of giving too much importance to English learning the native language were neglected.
• Under the system of education, it remained confined to some privileged class of people. It cloud not reach the people near the soil of native villages.
• It created class distinction in the field of education which was a barrier to national solidarity. Hence the colonial system of education was defective.

Question 11.
What were the causes of the Moplah Revolt (1921)?
Answer:
The Moplah peasants had various grievences which forced them to raise the banner of rebellion. They complained against the hike in revenue demand. Their very existence was at stake as the landlords could evict them any time they liked. All this forced the Moplahs to burst out in rebellion.

Question 12.
With what objective was the Congress Socialist Party founded?
Answer:
In the 30s of the 20th century, some Congressmen having faith in the socialist ideal formed the Congress Socialist Party in 1934. Their objective was to establish socialism in India. But, in their opinion, the immediate task was to free the country from foreign rule.

Question 13.
Why did the women of Bengal observe Arandhan (non-cooking) on 16th October 1905?
Answer:
16 October 1905 was the Partition Day as determined by the British Government. On the suggestion of Ramendrasundar Trivedi, the day was observed as Arandhan (non-cooking). The call to women not to light the home fires for the day as a protest against the proposed Partition of Bengal.

Question 14.
Why is Nanibala Devi remembered?
Answer:
Nanibala Devi (1888-1967) was a freedom fighter. At an age of 15 she was widowed. She took shelter with her nephew Amarendranath Chattopadhyay. Nanibala joined the Jugantar party and acted as the housekeeper of the revolutionaries. Occassionally she posed as the wife of a revolutionary to smuggle letters to him in jail. For all such activities Nanibala is remembered as a freedom fighter.

Question 15.
Why is Sardar Patel called the ‘Iron Man of India’?
Answer:
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is called the ‘Iron Man of India’ on many a count. But primarily his strong determination and the manner in which he integrated 565 Princely States into the Indian Union that he is called the Iron Man of India.

Question 16.
Under what circumstances was the States Reorganization Commission (1953) constituted?
Answer:
After the reorganization of Andhra as a linguistic state the demand was raised for similar linguistic states. Agitation for reorganization of boundaries of the States on linguistic basis became rampant. Under the circumstances Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Prime Minister of India appointed the States Reorganization Commission (SRC) in August 1953.

Group-D.

4. Answer any six questions in seven or eight sentences each taking at least one from each sub-group :

Question 1.
Why is Wood’s Despatch (1854) called the Magna Carta of the spread of education in India?
Answer:
The ‘Magna Carta’ is acknowledged as the ancient origin of Parliament in Britain. Since then in the English language it is understood as the law guaranteeing the rights and liberties. In a similar manner the Wood’s Despatch is considered the beginning of systemetic education in India under the Government initiative.

In fact, a comprehensive plan for improvement of education system in India was recommended by Charles Wood in his Despatch of 1854. In the despatch a systemetic plan was suggested from the lowest to the highest stage. Emphasis was laid on the need of mass education, women’s education and patronage of vernaculars. For higher education the recommendation was for setting up of University in each Presidency town of Calcutta, Bombay and Madras on the model of the University of London.

Question 2.
Explain Sri Ramakrishna’s ideas of Sarva Dharma Sammanwaya (religious harmony).
Answer:
Ramakrishna Paramahansadeva of the temple of goddess Kali at Dakshineswar (near Kolkata) is a spiritual miracle. He had no formal education, but his spiritual realizations were stupendous.

• Ramakrishna recognized differences among religion. But at the same time he was convinced that all religions lead to the same goal. Thus he concluded that all the religions are valid and true.
• Regarding the religious harmony or sarva dharma samannay Ramakrishna had to say that he had practiced all religions – Hinduism, Islam and Christianity – as also the different paths of the Hindu sects. After the exercise he found that it was the same god towards whom all were directing their steps.
• Thus the message of religious harmony or Sarva Dharma Samammay of Ramakrishna is first of all the recognition of differences among religions. At the same time the differences are to be overcome and harmony of religions established.

Question 3.
What was the attitude of the educated Bengali society towards the Great Revolt ?
Answer:
The Bengali intelligentsia was apathetic to the Revolt of 1857. This is such a ticklish problem that none has been able to offer any satisfactory explanation.

i. One thing that may be relevant to note that the Bengali intellectuals, in the mid-eighteenth century, were very much conscious of their own interest. As such it will not be fair to say that they merely echoed the sentiments of the British rulers in taking a negative attitude towards the rebels of 1857. In any case their hostile attitude towards the Revolt of 1857 needs an explanation.

ii. In Bengal Barrackpore, near Calcutta, was the centre of the initial spark of the Revolt of 1857. The revolt broke out over the religious question that there was a conspiracy to destroy religions of the sepoys (over the Enfield Rifle issue).

This was in tune with the cry of the orthodox Hindus of the city of Calcutta who had long suspected that the British were bent on destroying their religion and caste and converting them into Christianity. The intellectuals of Bengal, who were against orthodoxy and fanaticism, considered the rebel sepoys as the allies of social reaction. Under the circumstances the Bengali intelligentsia had no option but oppose the rebellion.

iii. There were also socio-economic reasons for which the Bengali intelligentsia opposed the Revolt of 1857.

Question 4.
Analyse the role of Surendranath Banerjee in the foundation and development of the Indian Association.
Answer:
The Indian Association was organized on the 26 July, 1876. In the inaugural meeting Kalicharan Banerjee, the best speaker of the time, opposed the proposal of forming the Association. His argument was that only a month before a similar body named the Indian League had come into existence.

Surendranath gave a fitting reply to the objection, and the Resolution creating the Indian Association was passed. Sometime later when protest meeting against lowering of the age of the candidates for ICS examination was being held Surendranath wanted to make it an occasion for carrying on an agitation all over India. Surendranath’s propaganda tour was the first of its kind. His tour on behalf of the Indian Association prepared the ground for a unifying movement which culminated in the formation of the Indian National Congress.

Question 5.
What was the attitude of the Indian National Congress towards the Bardoli Satyagraha?
Answer:
The no-tax movement that was launched at Bardoli of Surat, in Gujarat in 1928 was the Bardoli Satyagraha. This was in a sense the child of the Non-Cooperation movement. For in 1922 Bardoli had been selected by Gandhiji as the place to launch his civil disobedience. But the plan never took off due to the events at Chauri Chaura.

However, after the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Congressmen of Bardoli busied themselves in intense constructive work. They worked for the uplift of the tribals. All this did much to lift Bardoli from demoralization that had set in after 1922.

Question 6.
What was the role of the working class during the Anti-Partition Movement of Bengal ?
Answer:
Swadeshi and Boycott, the two weapons of the anti-partition movement were together a landmark in the history of labour movement.

• Contemporary official survey has described the ‘industrial unrest’ during the period as a marked feature.
• The number of strikes broke out sharply.
• Many of the leaders of the Swadeshi encouraged the labourers to unite and organize themselves into unions.
• With the growth of the labour force a section of the nationalist leaders felt the need to talk with the British authorities and to urge upon them taking measures for the protection of labourers’ interest against the exploitation of the capitalists. Aswinikumar Banerjee, Premtosh Bose, Apurba Kumar Ghosh, etc. were some of the labour leaders of the Swadeshi movement who were active in a large number of strikes.

Question 7.
How was the State of Junagadh integrated into the Indian Union ?
Answer:
Situated on the coast of Saurashtra and surrounded by Indian territory Junagadh created some problem in its accession to India. Muhammad Muhabat Khanji III, the ruling Nawab of Junagadh, despite the wishes of the people declared the accession of the state to Pakistan. As a protest against this the people of Junagadh launched a movement. Unable to resist this Nawab fled to Pakistan.

In November 1947 the Government of India took over the administration at the express desire of the people of Junagadh. Later on Junagadh was merged into Saurashtra according to the desire of the people. However, Muhammad Muhabat Khanji III was the last Nawab of the princely state of Junagadh.

Question 8.
What steps did the government of India take to solve the refugee problem ?
Answer:
The Government of India’s initiative in rehabilitating the refugees was not beyond controversy. In fact, the sincere efforts the government had taken in settling and rehabilitating the refugees from West Pakistan was found missing in case of the refugees who had to leave their homeland in East Pakistan.

The Hindu and Sikh refugees moving from West Pakistan occupied deserted houses or fallow land in Punjab, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. In Punjab itself, about two hundred camps or tenements were raised for rehabilitating the refugees. Besides, as many as nineteen suburban towns were built for rehabilitation of the refugees. But in the case of rehabilitating the refugees in West Bengal a step motherly attitude of the Government of India was noticeable.

The refugees were shifted from the platforms of Sealdah station to hastily improvised government camps. The only difference between the migration in Punjab and that of West Bengal was that the former was a one-time affair while the influx of refugees from East Pakistan continued in waves for several years.

Group-E.

5. Answer any one question in fifteen or sixteen sentences: 1×8=8

Question 1.
Give an idea of the various protests against the practice of Sati in the first half of the 19th century. How did Rammohan Roy achieve success in the movement against Sati ?
Answer:
i. Introduction: It was Raja Rammohan Roy who launched a strong movement against the practice of Sati. On the authority of the Hindu shastras Rammohan proved that there is no religious sanction for the evil practice of Sati. He organized a fiery campaign against the practice through signature campaign. He also sent a petition to the British Parliament.

ii. Attitude of the Orthodox People: When the anti-Sati Movement was gathering momentum the orthodox section of Bengalee people did not sit quiet. Some newspapers also lent support to the orthodox view regarding the practice of Sati. Samachar Chandrika, for example, came out openly in support of the practice of Sati and favoured its continuance. Evidently, the Bengali public opinion came to be sharply divided into two opposing groups.

iii. Arguments of Rammohan: Rammohan Roy, however, was not in favour of abolishing the practice in one go. Rather he advocated imposing checks on it and use of police. This caused misgivings because Rammohan was the leader of the agitation for the abolition of the practice and in the same breadth he opposed its immediate abolition. It is highly probable, as pointed out by Professor Bose that Rammohan opposed immediate abolition on the ground that it would violate the British government’s professed policy of religious neutrality.

iv. The Act Passed: Lord Bentinck, however, went ahead with his plan and the practice of Sati was declared ‘illegal and punishable by the criminal courts’ by the Regulation XVII.

Question 2.
Give a brief description of Rabindranath Tagore’s ideas on education and Santiniketan.
Answer:
a. Rabindranath’s Ideas on Education: Elaborating his own ideas about the aims of education Rabindranath said that the fundamental purpose of education was not “… merely to enrich ourselves through the fullness of knowledge…”. Rather he believed that the purpose also was to establish bond of love and friendship between man and man.

Thus it may be said that Rabindranath’s approach to education was humanistic. He believed in an inner harmony amongst man, nature and god. In Rabindranath’s idea of education teachers had to be imaginative. The teachers should understand the child, and help the child to develop curiosity in them.

Tagore further felt that the creative learning could be encouraged only within natural environment. Living in harmony with nature, children would be able to cultivate their natural creativity

b. Rabindranath and Santiniketan: Rabindranath founded his own school based on his ideas of education at Santiniketan in 1901. The school was established following the model of the ancient (Vedic period) forest schools in India. The idea that impelled him to start the school has been wonderfully expressed in a letter written by Rabindranath to Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose.

He wrote that the school that he was trying to start would be conducted just on the lines of residential institutions of ancient times. Further, he expressed that “There shall not be the least trace of luxury. We should not be able to become true Hindu if we do not learn rigid Brahmacharya (italics mine).

Frivolity and luxury are degenerating to us. Wants of all descriptions are over-powering as only because we are failing to accept poverty with equanimity” (Sabuj Patra Vol. II : p30). Santiniketan school, called Brahmacharyasram was inaugurated on 22 December 1901. It was started on a small scale. The aims were :

• To ensure that the students are taught the importance of Indian heritage.
• To give it a universal humanist outlook.
• To provide all round development of the students.

The students had no fixed curriculum. They were expected to grow through their own experiences. The goal of education was to ‘synthesize knowledge and feeling’.

Question 3.
Give a brief description of the Namashudra Movement in Bengal.
Answer:
i. Introduction: An important feature of the Bengalee Hindu caste system was the two broad divisions of society, namely, Brahmanas and Sudras. The Sudras were, again, sub-divided into three categories of which the third one was the Adhama Sankara. The Chandalas (or untouchables) belonged to the Adhama Sankara. In Bengal the Chandalas and Namasudras are synonymous.

The word Namasudra, however, is not mentioned in any of the pre-nineteenth Bengali literature. Yet the Namasudras constituted the second largest Hindu caste group in Bengal under the British rule. They lived in the rural areas of the districts of Faridpur, Bakherganj, Jessore, Khulna, etc. (all these are now under the territorial limits of Bangladesh), and Nadia, North 24-Parganas, etc. of West Bengal.

ii. Devoid of Social Dignity: In the Bengali Hindu society the Namasudras were looked down upon. They had no social dignity nor did they have any religious rights. As untouchables they had no right even to enter religious places. Also they were not allowed to live in a village that had a Brahmin majority. Thus the Namasudras were exploited and suffered from all sorts of social disabilities. It was in this context that a movement was launched in 1872 by Harichand Thakur.

iii. Influence of the Bhakti Movement: What inspired the Namasudras to hold their heads high was the influence of the Bhakti movement. The movement had been started in Bengal by Sri Chaitanya and his disciples during the 15-16th centuries. The avowed goal was the social and spiritual uplift of the down trodden. Another major influence on the Namasudras was that of a sect that developed around Sahlal Pir in rural East Bengal. The Sahlal sect challenged the hierarchy of caste. All these profoundly impacted the Namasudras.

iv. Harichand Thakur: Harichand Thakur tried to unite the Namasudras in the struggle against the exploitation of the Brahmin priests as also the Brahmin zamindars. Harichand also introduced the Mathua religion through which the Namasudras emerged as a united power. Behind the movement’s superficial religiosity the emphasis was essentially secular. The primary aims of the movement were :

• Attainment of perfect peace of mind
• Eradication of social inequality, and
• To uplift the downtrodden. Harichand also gave as many as twelve instructions to his followers. After the death of Harichand the leadership of the Mathuas passed on to his son, Guruchand Thakur.

v. Guruchand Thakur: Under the leadership of Guruchand Thakur the Mathua Movement progressed a lot. It was he who was responsible for the spread of educational institutions for the Namasudras. Besides, Uttaloni Sabha (uplift meeting) and Harisabhas were organized for social uplift of the Namasudras.

According to Professor Debi Chatterjee, Guruchand Thakur may well be regarded as the ‘father of the Namasudra renaissance’. He was able to inspire among the Namasudras a sense of urgency regarding the spread of education. In 1907 under the leadership of Guruchand Thakur a delegation met the Governor of Bengal and Assam and appraised him about the plight of the Namasudras.

vi. The Namasudra or Mathua movement did not ultimately remain confined to social uplift and educational progress of the community. During the early period of the twentieth century the movement acquired political dimension as well.

6. Answer the following in a single sentence (any four) 4×1=4

Question 1.
Who was the Editor of the Somprakash Weekly paper?
Answer:
First editor was Vidyasaggar followed by Dwarakanath Vidyabhusan.

Question 2.
Who translated the drama Neel Darpan into English ?
Answer:
It was Michael Madhusudan Dutta who translated Neel Darpan into English.

Question 3.
In which year was the Asiatic Society founded ?
Answer:
The Asiatic Society was founded in Calcutta in 1784.

Question 4.
Who was the first Vice-Chancellor of Visva-Bharati University ?
Answer:
The First Vice-Chancellor of Visva-Bharati was Rathindranath Tagore.

Question 5.
Who was the founder of ‘Dipali Sangha’?
Answer:
Founder of Dipali Sangha was Lila Nag.

Question 6.
Between whom was the Poona Pact (1932) signed ?
Answer:
Poona Pact was signed between the Caste Hindu represented by Rajendra Prasad and Bhim Rao Ambedkar on behalf of the Hindu Depressed Classes.

Answer the following questions in two or three sentences (any three)

Question 1.
What is Macaulay’s Minute ?
Answer:
Macaulay’s Minute was the enunciation of educational policy of the East India Company’s Government in India. The Minute stated that the object of the Government ought to be the promotion of Europan literature and science amongst the natives of India and all funds be spent on English education alone.

Question 2.
Why is Titumr remembered ?
Answer:
Titumir of North 24-Parganas of West Bengal is remembered as he organized an armed rebellion against the oppressive zamindars. As the Company’s government employed military to suppress Titumir the latter with his followers hurriedly constructed a fortress with bamboo and mud, famous by the name Banser Kella at Narkelberia, near Baduria (in North 24-Parganas). The resistance Titumir with his followers offered to the British troops from the bamboo fortress is famous in history as the ‘Barasat Uprising’ of 1831 AD

Question 3.
Who was Panchanan Karmakar?
Answer:
Panchanan Karmakar was a printing technician and an inventor of Bengali type. The invention was occasioned by the printing of Brassey Halhed’s A Grammar of the Bengali Language. Father Andrews who set up a printing press at Hooghly felt the need for Bengali type as it was in his press that Halhed’s book was being printed. However, apart from invention of the Bengali type Parchanan Karmakar also invented types in as many as fourteen languages.

Question 4.
What is the importance of the picture Bharatmata?
Answer:
Abanindranath Tagore portrayed Bharatmata during the Swadeshi movement. The image was an icon to create nationalist feeling amongst the Indians during the freedom movement. Sister Nivedita pointed out that Bharatmata standing on green earth and blue sky behind her, feet with four lotuses, four arms meaning divine power and gifts of Siksha-Diksha-Anna-Bastra of motherland to her children.

Question 5.
Why was ‘Nehru-Liaqat Ali Pact’ signed ?
Answer:
Nehru-Liaqat Ali Pact was signed in 1950 between Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India and Liaqat Ali, the Prime Minister of Pakistan. The Pact was signed in order to guarantee the rights of minorities in both the countries afer the Partition of India. The Pact signed also to avoid another spell of war between the two countries.

Well structured WBBSE Class 10 History MCQ Questions Chapter 8 Post Colonial India: Second Half of the 20th Century can serve as a valuable review tool before exams.

Post Colonial India: Second Half of the 20th Century Class 10 WBBSE MCQ Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (Tick off the correct ones)

Question 1.
Of the following the British Premiers who announced that the British Government had no intention to hand over paramountcy to either India or Pakistan was :
a. Winston Churchill
b. Clement Atlee
c. Lord Mountbatten
d. Radcliffe
Answer:
b. Clement Atlee

Question 2.
Of the following who successfully completed the accession of the Princely States with the Indian Union?
a. Jawaharlal Nehru
b. Govind Ballav Pant
c. Vallabhbhai Patel
d. J.N. Chaudhuri
Answer:
c. Vallabhbhai Patel

Question 3.
Of the following who was the last Nawab of the Princely State of Junagadh ?
a. Mohammad Mohabat Khanji Il
b. Mohammad Hamid Khanji I
c. Mohammad Bahadur Khanji II
d. Mohammad Muhabat Khanji III
Answer:
d. Mohammad Muhabat Khanji III

Question 4.
What was the total number of the Princely States in India at the time of India’s Independence?
a. 550
b. 560
c. 565
d. 570
Answer:
c. 565

Question 5.
Of the following which was the largest Princely States of India before Independence?
a. Jammu-Kashmir
b. Junagadh
c. Coochbehar
d. Hyderabad
Answer:
d. Hyderabad

Question 6.
Of the following Princely States the one acceded to the Indian Union in accordance with the express desire of its people was :
a. Hyderabad
b. Jamme-Kashmir
c. Jnagadh
d. Baroda
Answer:
c. Junagadh

Question 7.
Of the following who was the Maharaja of Kashmir at the time of its accession to the Indian Union?
a. Gulab Singh
b. Hari Singh
c Ranbir Singh
d. Pratap Singh
Answer:
b. Hari Singh

Question 8.
Into how many categories did the government authorities of West Bengal divide the refugees from East Pakistan ?
a. Two categories
b. Three categories
c. Four categories
d. Five categories
Answer:
b. Three categories

Question 9.
Which of the following became the first linguistic state of India ?
a. Hyderabad
b. West Bengal
c. Andhra Pradesh
d. Mysore
Answer:
c. Andhra Pradesh

Question 10.
Who was the leader of the movement for the separation of Andhra from Madras Presidency?
a. Sitaram Raju
b. Patti Sriramalu
c. Veersalingam Pantulu
d. None of the above
Answer:
b Patti Sriramalu

Question 11.
Of the following the journalist who has given a graphic description of the movement of refugees from Pakistan in an article was :
a. Barun Sengupta
b. Sunanda Datta Roy
c. Kuldip Nayar
d. None of the above
Answer:
c. Kuldip Nayar

Question 12.
Which of the following refugee organizations for the first time began agitation politics?
a. Refugee Rehabilitation Committee
b. All Bengal Refugee Council for Action
c. Refugee Central Rehabilitation Council
d. Refugee Eviction Resistance Committee
Answer:
b. All Bengal Refugee Council for Action

Question 13.
Which of the following organizations was formed in the wake of the movement against the Eviction Bill?
a. Refugee Rehabilitation Committee
b. All Bengal Refugee Council for Action
c. United Central Refugee Council
d. Refugee Eviction Resistance Committee
Answer:
c. United Central Refugee Council

Question 14.
Of the following who was the Chairman of the States Reorganization Committee?
a. Fazl Ali
b. Fazlul Haq
c. Kiran Sankar Roy
d. Bidhan Chandra Roy
Answer:
a Fazl Ali

Tick off True or False

1. The British Government had the intention to handover paramountcy either to India or Pakistan.
Answer: False

2. The Princes of the native states got encouragement from the open statement made by Muhammad Ali Jinnah to secede from Indian Union.
Answer: True

3. Vallabhbhai Patel completed the accession of the Princely States to India following a policy of ‘carrot and stick’.
Answer: True

4. As a protest against Junagadh Nawab’s declaration of the accession of the state to Pakistan the people launched a vigorous movement.
Answer: True

5. In 1947 the Pathan tribesmen led officially by Pakistan army invaded Kashmir and proceeded towards Srinagar, the capital.
Answer: False

6. Hyderabad was the largest of the Princely States, and was surrounded on all sides by the Indian territories.
Answer : True

7. As regards the accession of Hyderabad the Nizam fell under the influence of a fanatical group called Razakars who were opposed to India.
Answer: True

8. In the partition of Punjab and Bengal there was the exchange of population.
Answer: False

9. The refugees from East Pakistan formed the All Bengal Refugee Council for Action and thus began agitation politics for the first time.
Answer: True

10. The difference between the migration in Punjab and that in Bengal is while the former was a one-time affair the latter continued in waves for several years.
Answer: True

11. After the accession of the princely states to India the question of their integration did not appear to be a difficult task.
Answer: False

12. The movement in Andhra in favour of its separation from Madras Presidency was led by Patti Sriramalu.
Answer: True

13. Bowing to the demand of the Nagas, Nagaland was curved out of Assam in 1963.
Answer: True

14. The twenty-two languages mentioned in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution are the official languages of India.
Answer: True

Fill in the gaps by choosing the correct words

1. The Princely States were all _______ occupying 4 % of the total territorial area of the Indian subcontinent.
Answer:
Independent

2. There were as many as _______ Princely States in India prior to their accession in the Indian Union.
Answer:  565

3. The open statement made by _______ that the Princely States would be sovereign States on the termination of paramountcy, encouraged the Princes to retain their independence.
Answer:
Muhammad AH Jinnah

4. with great skill and diplomacy successfully completed the accession of the Princely States with the Indian Union.
Answer:
Vallabhbhai Patel

5. ____ the ruling Nawab of Junagadh, despite the wishes of the people declared the accession of the State to Pakistan.
Answer:
Mohammad Muhabat Khanji III

6. Kashmir, a Muslim-dominated State had ____ a Hindu as its ruler.
Answer:
Hari Singh

7. Proposal for the reorganization of states on the basis of was generally accepted.
Answer:
Uniformity

8. ____ was the first state of India that had been reorganized linguistically.
Answer:
Andhra

9. One of the members of the States Reorganization Commission (SRC) was –
Answer:
K.M. Panikkar

Statement and Assertion

Question 1.
Statement : The Princes who wanted to retain their independence were encouraged by the open statement of Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Assertion :
(a) The statement of Jinnah complicated the situation as several Princes claimed to remain independent as soon as the British rule came to an end.
(b) The Princely States of Coochbehar, Bhopal, etc. responded to the call of Vallabhbhai Patel and acceded to the Indian Union.
(c) Nawab of Junagadh declared the accession of the state to Pakistan.
(d) Hyderabad was annexed to India by the ‘police action’ of J.N. Chaudhuri
Answer:
(a) The statement of Jinnah complicated the situation as several Princes claimed to remain independent as soon as the British rule came to an end.

Question 2.
Statement : The ruling Nawab of Junagadh, going against the wishes of the people, declared the accession of the state to Pakistan.
Assertion :
(a) As a protest against the Nawab’s decision the people of Junagadh launched a movement.
(b) Muhammad Muhabat Khanji III decision was against the wishes of the people of Junagadh.
(c) Unable to resist the people’s upsurge the Nawab fled to Pakistan.
(d) In November 1947 the Government of India took over the administration of Junagadh at the express desire of the people.
Answer :
(d) In November 1947 the Government of India took over the administration of Junagadh at the express desire of the people.

Question 3.
Statement : Hari Singh, the Maharaja of Kashmir, appealed to India for military assistance. India agreed to such assistance after the Maharaja had acceded Kashmir to India.
Assertion :
(a) Maharaja Hari Singh appealed to India for military assistance as the Pathan army backed by Pakistan army invaded Kashmir.
(b) Monarchy in Kashmir came to an end with the voluntary resignation of Hari Singh.
(c) A popular government headed by Sheikh Abdullah replaced the monarchy in Kashmir.
(d) Pakistan could not reconcile itself to the accession of Kashmir to the Indian Union.
Answer :
(a) Maharaja Hari Singh appealed to India for military assistance as the Pathan army backed by Pakistan army invaded Kashmir.

Question 4.
Statement : The ruling Nizam of Hyderabad refused to join either India or Pakistan and desired to remain as an independent ruler.
Assertion :
(a) The prevailing internal chaos and confusion in Hyderababd was a cause of concern to the Government of India.
(b) Nizam fell under the influence of a fanatical group called Razakar.
(c) An independent Hyderabad kingdom was, as it were, a dagger pointed to the heart of India, and thus its inclusion in the Indian Union was inevitable.
(d) The Razakars even carried on depredations on the boarders of Indian provinces.
Answer :
(c) An independent Hyderabad kingdom was, as it were, a dagger pointed to the heart of India, and thus its inclusion in the Indian Union was inevitable.

Question 5.
Statemant : In the partition of Punjab there was exchange of population, but in the case of the partition of Bengal the situation was completely different.
Assertion :
(a) The exchange of population in Punjab, however, was not at all peaceful.
(b) Partition, both of Punjab and Bengal, resulted in killing of several thousands of people.
(c) The discriminatory nature of the Government of India’s policy of refugee rehabilitation gave rise to controversies.
(d) The transfer of population in Punjab was a onetime affair, but in case of Bengal there had been influx of refugees from East Pakistan was a continuing process.
Answer :
(d) The transfer of population in Punjab was a onetime affair, but in case of Bengal the influx of refugees from East Pakistan was a continuing process.

Question 6.
Statement : Proposal for the reorganization of states on the basis of uniformity was generally accepted, yet the opinion in favour of linguistic reorganization received the greatest support.
Assertion :
(a) Agitation for the reorganization of boundaries of the states on linguistic basis became rampant.
(b) Andhra was the first state of India that was reorganized linguistically.
(c) States Reorganization Commission was appointed in 1953
(d) On the basis of the recommendations of the States Reorganization Commission the States Reorganization Act was passed in 1956.
Answer :
(b) Andhra was the first state of India that was reorganized linguistically.

Match List I with List II

Question 1.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) The issue of accession complicated	(i) Muhammad Muhabat Khanji III
(b) The British Prime Minister	(ii) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
(c) Accession of Princely States	(iii) Clement Atlee
(d) The last Nawab of Junagadh	(iv) Vallabhbhai Patel

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (iii), (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 2.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) By 15 August 1947 Kolhapur	(i) Hyderabad
(b) Junagadh merged with	(ii) Hari Singh
(c) Princely State of Kashmir	(iii) Bombay
(d) Razakars	(iv) Saurashtra

Answer:
(a) – (iii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (iii), (d) – (i)

Question 3.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Exchange of population	(i) Vallabhbhai Patel
(b) Eye-witness account of refugee	(ii) Eviction Bill
(c) United Central Refugee Council	(iii) Punjab
(d) Integration of states	(iv) Kuldip Nayar

Answer:
(a) – (iii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (ii), (d) – (i)

Question 4.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) The first linguistic state of India	(i) Fazl Ali
(b) States Reorganization Act	(ii) Andhra
(c) Chairman of States Reorganization Commission	(iii) 22
(d) Official languages	(iv) States Reorganization Commission

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (i), (d) – (iii)

Well structured WBBSE Class 10 History MCQ Questions Chapter 7 Movements Organized by Women, Students, and Marginal People in 20th Century India can serve as a valuable review tool before exams.

Movements Organized by Women, Students, and Marginal People in 20th Century India Class 10 WBBSE MCQ Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (Tick off the correct ones)

Question 1.
In which of the following novels appears the emotional hymn. Bande Mataram?
a. Rajsingha
b. Durgeshnandini
c. Anandamath
d. Kapalakundala
Answer:
c. Anandamath

Question 2.
Of the following who spread the gospel of nationalism in Punjab?
a. Sarojini Naidu
b. Saraladebi Choudhurani
c. Basanti Devi
d. Ashalata Sen
Answer:
b. Saraladebi Choudhurani

Question 3.
Of the following who edited the journal Antahpur between 1901 and 1904 ?
a. Saraladebi Choudhurani
b. Basanti Debi
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury
d. Ashalata Sen
Answer:
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury

Question 4.
Foundation of which of the following was laid in Calcutta on the day of the Partition of Bengal ?
a. Federation Hall
b. Mahajati Sadan
c. Town Hall
d. None of the above
Answer:
a. Federation Hall

Question 5.
Of the following who became the first lady President of the Indian National Congress?
a. Saraladebi Choudhurani
b. Neli Sengupta
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury
d. Annie Besant
Answer:
d Annie Besant

Question 6.
One of the women who led the Bengali women in the Non Cooperation Movement was :
a. Neli Sengupta
b. Basanti Debi
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury
d. Ashalata Sen
Answer:
b. Basanti Debi

Question 7.
Of the following who was the first Indian women to become the President of the Indian National Congress?
a. Urmila Debi
b. Basanti Debi
c. Sarojini Naidu
d. Padmaja Naidu
Answer:
c. Sarojini Naidu

Question 8.
Of the following one of the women leaders who promoted women’s welfare and training in some useful crafts during the Civil Disobedience Movement was :
a. Nabashashi Sen
b. Basanti Debi
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury d Ashalata Sen
Answer:
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury

Question 9.
Of the following who gave the lead to capture the court and police station of Tamluk ?
a. Nabashashi Sen
b. Basanti Debi
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury
d. Matangini Hazra
Answer:
d Matangini Hazra

Question 10.
Of the following who set up a radio transmitter, known as the Voice of Freedom during the Quit India Movement?
a. Swarup Rani Nehru
b. Sarojini Naidu
c. Usha Mehta
d None of the above
Answer:
c. Usha Mehta

Question 11.
Of the following who organized the Dipali Sangha during the Non Co-operation Movement ?
a. Nabashashi Sen
b. Pritilata Waddedar
c. Leela Roy
d. Ashalata Sen
Answer:
c. Leela Roy

Question 12.
Which of the following aimed at inculcating self-reliance among women and guide them to sort out their own problem?
a. Dipali Sangha
b. Suhrid Samiti
c. Bamabodhini
d. Anushilan Samiti
Answer:
a. Dipali Sangha

Question 13.
Of the following who led seven boy-revolutionaries to make a daring attack upon the Europeans at Assam-Bengal Railway European Club at Chittagong?
a. Matangini Hazra
b. Pritilata Waddedar
c. Bina Das
d. Ashalata Sen
Answer:
b. Pritilata Waddedar

Question 14.
Of the following who became associated with the Chhatri Sangha, a female students’ association, from her very youth days?
a. Bina Das
b. Pritilata Waddedar
c. Kalpana Datta
d Matangini Hazra
Answer:
c. Kalpana Datta

Question 15.
Of the following who was the leader of the Chittagong Armoury raid?
a. Pritilata Waddedar
b. Surya Sen
c. Loknath Bal
d Ashalata Sen
Answer:
b. Surya Sen

Question 16.
Of the following who was the commander of the women regiment of the Azad Hind Fauj ?
a. Lakshmi Sehgal
b. Pritilata Waddedar
c. Kalpana Das
d. Shanti of Comilla
Answer:
a. Lakshmi Sehgal

Question 17.
Of the following who became the first student martyr durin? the Non Co-operation Movement when he was arresied ‘ by the British police?
a. Birendranath Sasmal
b. Gunadhar Hazra
c. Surya Sen
d. Matangini Hazra
Answer:
b Gunadhar Hazra

Question 18.
Of the following who organized the Anti-Circular Society ?
a. Surendranath Banerjee
c. Sachindra Prasad Basu
b Sachindra Prasad Mukherjee
d. Dinabandhu Mitra
Answer:
c. Sachindra Prasad Basu

Question 19.
In Calcutta who was instrumental in organizing women students for participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
a. Nabashashi Sen
b. Basanti Debi
c. Hemantakumari Choudhury
d. Bina Das
Answer:
d. Bina Das

Question 20.
To which of the following revolutionary a organization belonged Benoy-Badal-Dinesh?
a. Suhrid Samiti
b. Anushilan Samiti
c. Bengal Volunteers
d. Brati Samiti
Answer:
c. Bengal Volunteers

Question 21.
Of the following who was a great social reformer of Maharashtra?
a. Jyotiba Phule
b. Rammohan Roy
c. Saraladebi Choudhurani
d. Ashalata Sen
Answer:
a. Jyotiba Phule

Question 22.
Of the following who organized the Mahad Satyagraha?
a. Jyotiba Phule
b. Bhim Rao Ambedkar
c. Veersalingam Pantulu
d. Keshab Chandra Sen
Answer:
b. Bhim Rao Ambedkar

Question 23.
Of the following what inspired the Namasudras to hold their heads high?
a. Buddhism
b. Jainism
c. Bhakti Movement
d. Sufism
Answer:
c. Bhakti Movement

Question 24.
Of the following who is regarded as the Father of Namasudra Renaissance?
a. Bhim Rao Ambedkar
b. Harichand Thakur
c. Sri Chaitanya
d. Guruchand Thakur
Answer:
d. Guruchand Thakur

Tick off True or False

1. Womenfolk of India played an insignificant role in the freedom movement.
Answer: False

2. Recent researches revealed that apart from Saraladebi Choudhurani there were many other women who were drawn into the political struggle during the anti-Partition agitation.
Answer: True

3. There are several instances where even the housewives came out in the open and led processions on streets during the anti-partition Movement.
Answer: True

4. Under the leadership of Basanti Debi demonstration of women was organized in front of the shops selling Indian goods.
Answer: False

5. Women’s participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement took various forms. For example, the Parsee women a Bombay advocated for female education.
Answer: True

6. In setting up of a radio transmitter Usha Mehta’s intention was to circulate the information of war of freedom amongst the people all over the world.
Answer: False

7. During the period of armed revolutionary struggle women were allowed by their male relatives to join revolutionary secret societies.
Answer: False

8. Remarkable was the Dipali Sangha’s work in the field of women’s rights.
Answer: True

9. Kalpana Datta became a member of the Chittagong branch of the Indian Republican Army led by Jatindranath Mukherjee.
Answer: False

10. The Rani of Jhansi, the women regiment of the Azad Hind Fauj was trained as an infantry regiment.
Answer: True

11. The day of the Calcutta visit of the Prince of Wales was marked by a complete strike in all the schools and colleges.
Answer: True

12. During the Civil Disobedience Movement a remarkable role was played by the students of the then Midnapur district of West Bengal
Answer: True

13. In 1905 Sachindranath Mukherjee organized the Anti-Circular Society.
Answer: False

14. The encounter that took place between the police and the members of the Bengal Volunteers at Writers’ Buildings came to be known as the Corridor Warfare.
Answer: True

15. The word dalit originated from the Sanskrit root word dal, meaning downtrodden or oppressed.
Answer: True

16. The Mahad Satyagraha was organized by Mahatma Gandhi.
Answer: False

17. The word Namasudra is not mentioned in any of the prenineteenth century Bengali social history or literature.
Answer: True

18. Guruchand Thakur may well be regarded as the ‘Father of the Namasudra renaissance’.
Answer: True

Fill in the gaps by choosing the correct words

1. A good number of women of Khulna (in Bangladesh) attended a meeting, during the Anti-Partition agitation, addressed by ______ in which the women broke their glass-bangles.
Answer: Kaliprasanna

2. During the Non Co-operation Movement the Bengali women were led by ______
Answer: Basanti Debi

3. ______ was the first Indian women to become the Congress President.
Answer: Sarojini Naidu

4. During the Civil Disobedience Movement the ______ women residing in Bombay advocated for female education.
Answer: Parsee

5. Usha Mehta, a patriot to the very core of her heart, set up a radio transmitter named ______
Answer: Voice of Freedom

6. The year 1932 was marked by the heroic activities of young revolutionaries of ______
Answer: Chattagram

7. ______ organized the Anti-Circular Society (1905) during the Anti-Partition Movement.
Answer: Sachindra Prasad Basu

8. ______ categorically said that he had no hesitation in saying that the ‘students of Bengal would give the lead in our sustained struggle for freedom’.
Answer: Gandhiji

9. In the ______ Patrika it was reported that many students laid down their lives in the ‘ 42 Movement.
Answer: Amritabazar

10. In organizing the raid on Chittagong Armoury on 18 April 1930 ______ was assisted by many other revolutionaries.
Answer: Surya Sen

11. Benoy-Badal-Dinesh, the three revolutionaries of Bengal Volunteers, were involved in killing ______ by a revolutionary attack at the Writers’ Buildings.
Answer: Simpson

12. ______ Satyagraha organized by Ambedkar was a great and most sensational struggle.
Answer: Mahad

13. What inspired the Namasudras to hold their heads high was the influence of the Bhakti movement by ______
Answer: Chaitanya

Statement and Assertion

Question 1.
Statement : Apart from Saraladebi Chowdhurani there were many other women drawn into the political struggle during the antiPartition agitation.
Assertion :
(a) Saraladevi spread the gospel of nationalism in Punjab.
(b) Saraladebi maintained close links with Suhrid Samiti which was a revolutionary secret society.
(c) Ashalata Sen, an eleven-year old girl of Dacca, went visiting house after house encouraging women to join the Swadeshi cause.
(d) No one except Saraladebi dreamt of including womenfolk in the antiPartition agitation.
Answer:
(c) Ashalata Sen, an eleven-year old girl of Dacca, went visiting house after house encouraging women to join the Swadeshi cause.

Question 2.
Statement : Mrs. Annie Besant was to become the first lady President of the Indian National Congress.
Assertion :
(a) Mrs. Besant’s involvement in politics inspired many Indian women to join politics.
(b) During the Non Co-operation Movement the Bengali women were led by Basanti Debi
(c) Basanti Debi became the President of the Bengal Provincial Congress in 1921.
(d) Urmila Debi took an active part in the Non Co-operation Movement.
Answer:
(a) Mrs. Besant’s involvement in politics inspired many Indian women to join politics.

Question 3.
Statement : Women’s participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement took various forms.
Assertion :
(a) The Non Co-operation was followed by the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930.
(b) The Gujrati women, under the influence of Gandhiji, aimed at attainment of Swaraj and women’s freedom.
(c) Suspension of the Non-Cooperation Movement found its stronger follow-up in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
(d) Between 1930 and 1932 women in many places played an important role as they participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Question 4.
Statement : During the Quit India Movement the peasant women attacked the police stations, even the communication net work was disrupted.
Assertion :
(a) Peasant women joined the men in lodging protest against the hike in land-revenue.
(b) Usha Mehta, a patriot to the very core of her heart, set up a radio transmitter.
(c) In rural areas peasant women protested against the landholders’ rights.
(d) In Midnapore, Matangini Hazra, a 73-year-old widow, led a group of people in capturing the Police Station of Tamluk.
Answer:
(d) In Midnapore Matangini Hazra, a 73-year old widow, led a group of people in capturing the Police Station of Tamluk.

Question 5.
Statement : Direct participation of women in the revolutionary movement was not feasible.
Assertion :
(a) Women were not allowed by their male relatives to join the revolutionary secret societies.
(b) Indirect participation of women helped the revolutionaries silently from the background.
(c) No concerted efforts made to encourage participation of women as Mahatma Gandhi had done in regard to non-violent activities.
(d) Kalpana Datta and Pritilata Waddedar were two women revolutionaries of Bengal.
Answer:
(a) Women were not allowed by their male relatives to join the revolutionary secret societies.

Question 6.
Statement : Kalpana Datta played a very important role in the revolutionary upsurge.
Assertion :
(a) Kalpana became associated with Chhatri Sangha.
(b) Kalpana became a member of the Indian Republican Army.
(c) Kalpana was to accompany Pritilata in the European Club raid, but was arrested a few days before when she was going to meet Surya Sen.
(d) At a point of time Kalpana was detained again, and was sentenced to life term imprisonment.
Answer:
(c) Kalpana was to accompany Pritilata in the European Club raid, but was arrested a few days before when she was going to meet Surya Sen.

Question 7.
Statement : As regards the nature of the students’ role in the armed revolutionary struggle it is to be admitted that the young revolutionaries did not try to plan a violent revolution involving the masses.
Assertion :
(a) The idea of young revolutionaries was to strike terror in the hearts of the alien rulers.
(b) The immediate goal to put an end to the British rule could not be achieved.
(c) The student revolutionaries mostly belonged to the middle class and as such vast majority of common people remained outside its purview.
(d) The young revolutionaries could not set forth any alternative plan of government that would take over immediately after the British withdrawal.
Answer:
(c) The student revolutionaries mostly belonged to the middle class and as such vast majority of common people remained outside its purview.

Question 8.
Statement : Satischandra Mukherjee and his Dawn Society also made useful contributions in providing education to the expelled students.
Assertion :
(a) The Dawn Society formed by Satischandra aimed at making the Bengali youth real men through all-round development.
(b) Many described the University of Calcutta as the Goldighir Golamkhana.
(c) No concerted efforts made to encourage participation of women as Mahatma Gandhi had done in regard to non-violent activities.
(d) Kalpana Datta and Pritilata Waddedar were two women revolutionaries of Bengal.
Answer:
(a) Women were not allowed by their male relatives to join the revolutionary secret societies.

Question 9.
Statement : Kalpana Datta played a very important role in the revolutionary upsurge.
Assertion :
(a) Kalpana became associated with Chhatri Sangha.
(b) Kalpana became a member of the Indian Republican Army.
(c) Kalpana was to accompany Pritilata in the European Club raid, but was arrested a few days before when she was going to meet Surya Sen.
(d) At a point of time Kalpana was detained again, and was sentenced to life term imprisonment.
Answer:
(c) Kalpana was to accompany Pritilata in the European Club raid, but was arrested a few days before when she was going to meet Surya Sen.

Question 10.
Statement : As regards the nature of the students’ role in the armed revolutionary struggle it is to be admitted that the young revolutionaries did not try to plan a violent revolution involving the masses.
Assertion :
(a) The idea of young revolutionaries was to strike terror in the hearts of the alien rulers.
(b) The immediate goal to put an end to the British rule could not be achieved.
(c) The student revolutionaries mostly belonged to the middle class and as such vast majority of common people remained outside its purview.
(d) The young revolutionaries could not set forth any alternative plan of government that would take over immediately after the British withdrawal.
Answer:
(c) The student revolutionaries mostly belonged to the middle class and as such vast majority of common people remained outside its purview.

Question 11.
Statement : Satischandra Mukherjee and his Dawn Society also made useful contributions in providing education to the expelled students.
Assertion :
(a) The Dawn Society formed by Satischandra aimed at making the Bengali youth real men through all-round development.
(b) Many described the University of Calcutta as the Goldighir Golamkhana.

Match List I with List II

Question 1.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) The first occasion when womenfolk of India came forward to play an active role in politics	(i) Journal named Antahpur
(b) Bande Mataram	(ii) Saraladebi Choudhurani
(c) Spread the gospel of nationalism in Punjab	(iii) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
(d) Hemantakumari Choudhury	(iv) Anti-Partition Agitation

Answer:
(a) – (iv), (b) – (iii), (c) – (ii), (d) – (i)

Question 2.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) The day of Partition	(i) Bamabodhini Patrika
(b) Womenfolk taking Swadeshi vows	(ii) Federation Hall
(c) First lady President of the Congress	(iii) Basanti Debi
(d) Bengali women in the Co-operation Movement	(iv) Annie Besant

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 3.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Non Co-operation called off	(i) Attainment of Swaraj
(b) Gujarati women	(ii) Chauri Chaura Incident
(c) Usha Mehta	(iii) Spreading education among women
(d) Dipali Sangha	(iv) Voice of Freedom

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 3.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Chhatri Sangha	(i) Chittaranjan Guha
(b) Chittagong Armoury Raid	(ii) Ms Lakshmi Sehgal
(c) Azad Hind Fauj	(iii) Kalpana Datta
(d) A student ‘almost beaten to death’	(iv) Surya Sen

Answer:
(a) – (iii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (ii), (d) – (i)

Question 4.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Anti-Circular Society	(i) Satishchandra Mukherjee
(b) Dawn Society	(ii) Sachindra Prasad Basu
(c) Benoy-Badal-Dinesh	(iii) Simpson
(d) ‘Corridor Warfare’	(iv) Bengal Volunteers

Answer:
(a) – (iii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (ii), (d) – (i)

Question 5.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Release of an officer of INA	(i) Guruchand Thakur
(b) Mahad Satyagraha	(ii) Mathua Movement
(c) Namasudra Movement in Bengal	(iii) Rashid Ali Day
(d) ‘Father of Namasudra Renaissance’	(iv) Ambedkar

Answer:
(a) – (iii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (ii), (d) – (i)

Well structured WBBSE Class 10 History MCQ Questions Chapter 6 Peasant, Working Class and Left Movements in 20th Century India can serve as a valuable review tool before exams.

Peasant, Working Class and Left Movements in 20th Century India Class 10 WBBSE MCQ Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (Tick off the correct ones)

Question 1.
When was the Partition of Bengal announced by the British Government ?
a. 1 January 1905
b. 20 July 1905
c. 20 August 1905
d. None of the above
Answer:
b. 20 July 1905

Question 2.
When was the Partition of Bengal given effect to ?
a. 20 July 1905
b. 20 August 1905 .
c. 16 October 1905
d. 16 November 1905
Answer:
c. 16 October 1905

Question 3.
The anti-Partition agitation was largely confined to which of the following classes?
a. Working class
b. Peasantry
c. Different classes
d Middle class
Answer:
d. Middle class

Question 4.
The Viceroy under whose tenure of office the Partition of Bengal was given effect to was :
a. Lord Cornwallis
b. Lord Curzon
c. Lord Hastings
d. Lord Wellesley
Answer:
b. Lord Curzon

Question 5.
Of the following who led the peasants of Barisal in present Bangladesh. during the Partition of Bengal ?
a. Aswini Kumar Datta
b. Bhupendra Chandra Datta
c. Bipin Chandra Pal
d Basanta Kumar Das
Answer:
a. Aswini Kumar Datta

Question 6.
Where did the widespread resistance of the peasants develop between 1905 and 1908 ?
a. Bengal
b. Bihar
c. Orissa
d. Andhra
Answer:
b. Bihar

Question 7.
Which of the following places in North-East India was a centre of peasants’ disturbances?
a. Arunachal
b. Nagaland
c. Assam
d. Shillong
Answer:
c. Assam

Question 8.
With the support of which of the following Congress leaders did the movement of the peasantry become a part of the national struggle during the Non Co-operation Movement?
a Madan Mohan Malviya
b. Chittaranjan Das
c. Surendranath Banerjee
d. Annie Besant
Answer:
a. Madan Mohan Malviya

Question 9.
Of the following where was the Kisan Sabha formed first ?
a. Gujarat
b U.P. United Province.
c. Orissa
d Bihar
Answer:
b. U.P. United Province.

Question 10.
Initiative of which of the following led to the formation of the Kisan Sabha in 1918 ?
a. Vallabhbhai Patel
b. Jawaharlal Nehru
c. Madan Mohan Malviya
d. Gaurisankar Misra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi
Answer:
d. Gaurisankar Misra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi

Question 11.
Of the following who was the first President of the All India Kisan Sabha?
a. N.G. Ranga
b Swami Darshanananda
c. Swami Sahajananda
d Swami Kripananda
Answer:
c. Swami Sahajananda

Question 12.
With which of the following did the communists work for the peasants prior to the formation of the Communist Party in 1925 ?
a. Home Rule League
b. Theosophical Society
c. Girni Kamgar
d. Indian National Congress
Answer:
d. Indian National Congress

Question 13.
Of the following where did the Ekta Eka. movement begin ?
a. Bengal
b. Orissa
c. Maharashtra
d U.P. United Province.
Answer:
d. U.P. United Province.

Question 14.
Of the following one of the leaders of the Eka Movement was:
a. Ram Chandra
b. Passi Madari
c. Moideen
d Gopala
Answer:
b Passi Madari

Question 15.
The first civil disobedience of peasants of which place was, it is said ‘in many ways a child of the Non Co-operation days’?
a. Bardoli
b. Kerala
c. Manjeri
d. U.P. United Province.
Answer:
a. Bardoli

Question 16.
The peasant mobilization of which taluq ‘confirmed the Indian people were indeed on the way to becoming a nation’?
a Bengal
b Orissa
c Maharashtra
d U.P. United Province.
Answer:
d U.P. United Province.

Question 17.
Of the following leaders who initiated Bardoli satyagraha of the peasants?
a Sahajananda Saraswati
b Mahatma Gandhi
c Vallabhbhai Patel
d N.G. Ranga
Answer:
c Vallabhbhai Patel

Question 18.
Violation of which of the following laws marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement by Gandhiji ?
a Arms Act
b Press Act
c Salt Law
d None of the above
Answer:
c. Salt Law

Question 19.
Of the following which was the first civil disobedience movement of the peasants of India?
a. Eka Movement of U.P.
b. Peasants’ movement of Barisal
c. Peasants’ movement
d. Movement of the indigo of Bardoli in Surat peasants at Champaran
Answer:
c. Peasants Movement of Bardoli in Surat

Question 20.
Under the leadership of whom did the Bardoli peasants begin a no-tax movement?
a. Vallabhbhai Patel
b. Mahatma Gandhi
c. Chittaranjan Das
d. Sahajananda Saraswati
Answer:
a. Vallabhbhai Patel

Question 21.
The movement that followed the Bardoli peasants no-tax movement was :
a. Eka Movement
b. Non Co-operation Movement
c. Civil Disobedience Movement
d. None of the above
Answer:
c. Civil Disobedience Movement

Question 22.
Of the following which is the other name of the first civil disobedience movement?
a. Bardoli Satyagraha
b. Salt Satyagraha
c. Rowlatt Satyagraha
d. Forest Satyagraha
Answer:
b. Salt Satyagraha

Question 24.
What was the main centre of Great Depression of 1929 ?
a. USA
b. Great Britain
c. India
d. France
Answer:
a. USA

Question 25.
Who initiated the formation of Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha?
a. Vallabhbhai Patel
b. Madan Mohan Malviya
c. Sahajananda Saraswati
d. Gaurisankar Misra
Answer:
c. Sahajananda Saraswati

Question 26.
Of the following who founded the Andhra Provincial Pyot’s Association ?
a. Muzaffar Ahmed and Bankim Mukherjee
b. N.G. Ranga and M.B. Naidu
c. Madan Mohan Malviya and Gaurisankar Misra
d Passi Madari and Sahreb
Answer:
b. N.G. Ranga and M.B. Naidu

Question 27.
The new type of peasants’ movement during the Civil Disobedience Movement began in :
a Andhra Pradesh
b Orissa
c. U.P. United Province.
d. Bengal
Answer:
c. U.P. United Province.

Question 28.
Under whose initiative did the Indian National Congress lend full support to the no-rent campaign of the peasants of U?
a Ballabhbhai Patel
b Rajendra Prasad
c Sahajananda Saraswati
d Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer:
d Jawaharlal Nehru

Question 29.
The left-wing organization Workers’ and Peasants Party came into existence in :
a. 1925
b 1927
c. 1929
d 1930
Answer:
b. 1927

Question 30.
Which of the following established the Congress Socialist Party in 1934 ?
a. Indian National Congress
b. Communist Party of India
c. Congress Left-wingers
d The Socialists
Answer:
Congress Left-wingers

Question 31.
Of the following which was the first peasant organization on an all-India basis?
a. Kisan Sabha
b Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha
c. All-India Kisan Sabha
d Andhra Provincial Ryot’s Association
Answer:
c. All India Kisan Sabha

Question 32.
The peasants of which of the following provinces began no-rent movement being emboldened by the success of the Bardoli Satyagraha?
a. Andhra
b Bengal
c. Tamilnadu
d United Province
Answer:
a. Andhra

Question 33.
During which of the following years did the Workers’ and Peasants’ Party WPP. lose contact with the villages and the peasants in general ?
a. Between 1925 and 1930
b. Between 1930 and 1935
c. Between 1935 and 1940
d. Between 1940 and 1942
Answer:
b. Between 1930 and 1935

Question 34.
One of the demands raised by the Congress Socialist Party was :
a Abolition of revenue hike
b Recognnition of occupancy rights of the tenants
c. Formulation of an agrarian policy
d None of the above
Answer:
b. Recognition of the occupancy rights of the tenants

Question 35.
In which of the following years were Congress ministries formed in majority of provinces?
a. In 1928
b. In 1930
C. In 1935
d In 1937
Answer:
d. In 1937

Question 36.
In which of the following provinces were the communists successful in organizing peasant unrest?
a Bengal
b. Orissa
c Madhya Pradesh
d Maharashtra
Answer:
a. Bengal

Question 37.
Of the following who devoted himself to the social welfare of the factory workers before the inception of the trade unions?
a. Sahajananda Saraswati
b. Sasipada Banerjee
c. Dwarakanath Tagore
d. Muzaffar Ahmed
Answer:
b. Sasipada Banerjee

Question 38.
One of the following nationalist leaders who dedicated himself to labour struggles was :
a. Shivnath Shastri
b. Saroj Mookherjee
c. Aswinicoomar Banerjee
d G.S. Agarkar
Answer:
c. Aswinicoomar Banerjee

Question 39.
In which of the following provinces did the working class organize strikes and hartals on the day of Partition 16 October 1905.?
a. Lahore
b. Bengal
c. Orissa
d. Bihar
Answer:
b. Bengal

Question 40.
Of the following communist leaders who defended a united front with the Congress so that the kisan struggle could be transformed in a people’s struggle?
a. Muzaffar Ahmed
b. P.C. Joshi
c. Abani Mukherjee
d Manabendranath Roy
Answer:
b. P.C. Joshi

Question 41.
In which of the following Congress sessions was protest lndged against the repressive measures of the colonial British government?
a. Lahore Congress
b. Allahabad Congress
c. Benaras Congress
d. Nagpur Congress
Answer:
c. Benaras Congress

Question 42.
Of the following who organized a strike of the Tuticorin Coral Mill ?
a. Chidambaram Pillai
b Bal Gangadhar Tilak
c. Premtosh Bose
d. Apurba Kumar Ghosh
Answer:
a. Chidambaram Pillai

Question 43.
Which of the following newspapers openly advocated to follow the path of Russia in respect of the working class movement in India?
a. Sambad Kaumadi
b. Langal
c. Nabasakti
d. Ganabani
Answer:
c. Nabasakti

Question 44.
Of the following which was the first trade union proper in India?
a. Bombay Labour Union
b. Madras Labour Union
C. Workers’ and Peasants Party
d. Girni Kamgar Union
Answer:
b. Madras Labour Union

Question 45.
When was the All India Trade Union Congress formed ?
a. 1905
b. 1919
C 1920
d 1929
Answer:
c. 1920

Question 46.
Who was the founder of the first trade union proper in India ?
a. Chaman Lal
b. B.P. Wadia
c. G.R. Naidu
d. N.M. Joshi
Answer:
b. B. P. Wadia

Question 47.
In which of the following years was the first trade union proper established?
a. 1914
b. 1915
c. 1918
d. 1920
Answer:
c. 1918

Question 48.
Who was the first elected President of the All India Trade Union Congress?
a. B.P. Wadia
b. Singaravelu Chettier
c. Lala Lajpat Rai
d. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer:
c. Lala Lajpat Rai

Question 49.
Of the following who was the first General Secretary of the All India Trade Union Congress?
a. N.M. Joshi
b. Joseph Baptista
c. B.P. Wadia
d. Diwan Chaman Lal
Answer:
d. Diwan Chaman Lal

Question 50.
Of the following who was the President of the Gaya Congres ?
a. Annie Besant
b. Chitta Ranjan Das
c. Maulana Azad
d Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer:
b. Chittaranjan Das

Question 51.
Where was something like a parallel government set up in the wake of Civil Disobedience Movement?
a. Bihar
b. Bengal
c. Orissa
d. Sholapur
Answer:
d. Sholapur

Question 52.
In which of the following years was the Workers’ and Peasants’ Party WPP. formed?
a. 1920
b. 1921
c. 1927
d. 1930
Answer:
c. 1927

Question 53.
Which of the following organized a six-month long strike?
a. Choolai Mill Workers
b. Budge Budge Mill workers
c. Workers’ and Peasants’ Party
d. Girni Kamgar Union GKU.
Answer:
d. Girni Kamgar Union GKU.

Question 54.
One of the leaders imprisioned under the Meerut Conspiracy Case was :
a. Abani Mukherjee
b. S.A. Dange
c. Ganesh Ghosh
d Hiren Mukherjee
Answer:
b. S.A. Dange

Question 55.
On which of the following dates did the Quit India Movement formally begin ?
a. 30 January 1942
b. 9 July 1942
c. 9 August 1942
d. 9 September 1942
Answer:
d. 9 August 1942

Question 56.
Which of the following was formed jointly by Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose?
a. Congress Socialist Party
b. Indian Independence League
c. All India Congress Socialist
d Workers’ and Peasants’ Party Party
Answer:
b. Indian Independence League

Question 57.
Of the following where was the Communist Party of India first set up ?
a. Tazakistan
b. Meerut
c. Bombay
d Tashkent in erstwhile USSR.
Answer:
d. Tashkent in erstwhile USSR.

Question 58.
Of the communists who were brought to trial under the Kanpur Consptracy Case one was :
a M.N. Roy
b N.M. Joshi
c Muzaffar Ahmed
d B.P. Wadia
Answer:
c Muzaffar Ahmed

Question 59.
Of the following where was the Communist Party of India CPI. established in India ?
a Bombay
b Patna
c Kanpur
d Nagpur
Answer:
c Kanpur

Question 60.
Of the following who set up the party named League of Radical Congressmen?
a M.N. Roy
b N.G. Ranga
c M.B. Naidu
d Muzaffar Ahmed
Answer:
a M.N. Roy

Tick off True or False

1. During the nineteenth century peasants’ movement were rare in India
Answer: False

2. Most of the weaknesses of the peasants’ movements were overcome in the twentieth century
Answer: True

3. A significant event in the early years of the twentieth century India was that Bengal was partitioned by the British colonial government.
Answer: True

4. The Partition of Bengal was to be effective on and from 16 November 1905
Answer: False

5. The anti-Partition agitation soon spread all over India.
Answer: True

6. Participation of peasants in the anti-Partition agitation was not at all significant.
Answer: False

7. The Muslim peasants of Barisal, in Bangladesh, participated in the anti-Partition agitation under the leadership of Aswini Kumar Datta
Answer: True

8. In March 1820 Gandhiji announced his programme of Non Cooperation for a mass movement.
Answer: False

9. The high price of food and other necessaries after World War I made the oppression of the foreign rule all the more unbearable.
Answer: True

10. The members of the Home Rule League initiated the process of organizing the peasants on modern lines.
Answer: True

11. With the support of Madan Mohan Malviya the Kisan Sabha came into existence in 1929.
Answer: False

12. The Ekta or Eka Movement was essentially a ‘unity movement’ under the insurgent peasantry.
Answer: True

13. The first civil disobedience movement was that begun by the peasants of Bardoll.
Answer: True

14. The Bardoll Satyagraha became the symbol of peasants’ protest in the country.
Answer: True

15. The Partition of Bengal was to be effective on and from 16 November 1905
Answer: False

16. The anti-Partition agitation soon spread all over India.
Answer: True

17. Participation of peasants in the anti-Partition agitation was not at all significant.
Answer: False

18. The Muslim peasants of Barisal, in Bangladesh, participated in the anti-Partition agitation under the leadership of Aswini Kumar Datta
Answer: True

19. In March 1820 Gandhiji announced his programme of Non Cooperation for a mass movement.
Answer: False

20. The high price of food and other necessaries after World War I made the oppression of the foreign rule all the more unbearable.
Answer: True

21. The members of the Home Rule League initiated the process of organizing the peasants on modern lines.
Answer: True

22. With the support of Madan Mohan Malviya the Kisan Sabha came into existence in 1929.
Answer: False

23. The Ekta or Eka Movement was essentially a ‘unity movement’ under the insurgent peasantry.
Answer: True

24. The first civil disobedience movement was that begun by the peasants of Bardoli.
Answer: True

25. The Bardoll Satyagraha became the symbol of peasants’ protest in the country.
Answer: True

26. With the violation of the Salt Law by Gandhiji began the second Civil Disobedience Movement.
Answer: True

27. The Great Depression of 1929 that began in India adversely affected the Indian peasantry beyond description.
Answer: False

28. The Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha came into existence under the initiative of Sahajananda Saraswati.
Answer: True

29. The Andhra Provincial Ryot’s Association came to be established under the initiative of N.G. Ranga.
Answer: False

30. The ‘no revenue, no rent’ campaign in United Province during the Civil Disobedience Movement was a double-edged weapon.
Answer: True

31. With the model of the Russian Revolution before them the Indian communists showed greater interest in trade unions.
Answer: True

32. The Congress leadership while refusing to give blessings to the AIKS declared at the Haripura Congress (1938) that the ‘Congress itself is in the main a kisan organization’.
Answer: True

33. A new phase of the peasant movement began after the Congress ministries were formed in 1939.
Answer: False

34. Bihar provincial Congress Committee staged a demonstration of the peasants before the Assembly house in Patna.
Answer: True

35. Swadeshi movement did not encourage the labourers to unite and organize themselves into unions.
Answer: False

36. The Benaras session of the Congress (1905) made an emphatic protest against the Partition of Bengal.
Answer: True

37. In some of the sporadic strikes that occurred in 1908-1909 most of the national leaders were involved.
Answer: False

38. The anti-Partition movement also saw the faint beginnings of a socialist leaning among some of the nationalist leaders.
Answer: True

39. In its 14 September 1907 edition the Nabasakti openly advocated for following the example of the working class  movement in Russia.
Answer: True

40. In the period between 1919 and 1922 the working class of the country got involved in the mainstream of politics in a significant manner.
Answer: True

41. The Madras Labour Union formed in 1918 by B.P. Wadia was the first trade union proper in India.
Answer: True

42. The most important development following the First World War was the formation of the AITUC in 1919.
Answer: False

43. Chittaranjan Das was the President of the Gaya session of the Indian National Congress held in 1920.
Answer: False

44. Socialist influences in the Indian politics between 1921 and 1924 strengthened the working class movement.
Answer: True

45. The Workers’ and Peasants’ Party (WPP) was formed in 1927 under the initiative of M.N. Roy.
Answer: False

46. Though the Workers’ and Peasants’ Party was short-lived, its units in some of the provinces emerged as the political party of the working class.
Answer: True

47. During the Civil Disobedience, the Congress in Bombay raised the slogan that ‘workers and peasants are the hands and feet of the Congress’.
Answer: True

48. In Bombay the Girni kamgar Union organized a massive one month long strike of the textile workers.
Answer: False

49. The British were not convinced that the intensive labour movement was all due to the infiltration of socialist and communist ideas propagated to the workers by the Communist Party of India.
Answer: False

50. In order to hold back the spread of communist influence the British government put under arrests all the leading communist and trade union leaders.
Answer: True

51. In the ill-famed Meerut Conspiracy case most of the communist and trade union leaders like Mirajkar, Dange, Joshi and others were imprisoned.
Answer: True

52. Between 1937 and 1939 there was a phenomenal rise in the trade union movement.
Answer: True

53. The Congress Working Committee in a resolution (1937) expressed solidarity with the Bengal workers.
Answer: True

54. The Quit India Movement began on 9 September 1942 with arrests of most of the prominent national leaders including Gandhiji.
Answer: True

55. Following the “People’s War” line the Indian communists participated in the Quit India Movement.
Answer: False

56. The British Government in India being scared of the socialist ideas suspected all the national leaders including Gandhiji to be the secret agents of the Soviet Russia.
Answer: a True

57. Deeply influenced by the social ideas Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose travelled all over the country carrying the message of anti-imperialism, anti-capitalism and antilandlordism.
Answer: True

58. Congress Independence League formed jointly by Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose put pressure upon the Congress and Gandhiji to start movement for the attainment of Poorna Swaraj (Complete Independence).
Answer: True

59. In 1924 efforts to organize a communist party received a set back when all the leading communist leaders were exiled to the islands of Andaman and Nicobar.
Answer: False

60. M.N. Roy was the founder of the Mexican Communist Party as also the Communist Party of India.
Answer: False

Fill in the gaps by choosing the correct words

1. The anti-Partition movement assumed an all-India character in which ____ classes of people participeted.
Answer: Different

2. ____ politics did not emerge in India during the anti-Partition agitation.
Answer: Left

3. After ____ the high price of food and other necessaries made the oppression of the foreign rule all the more difficult for the peasantry to bear.
Answer: First World War

4. During the Non Co-operation Movement with the support of Congress leaders like ____ and others the peasants’ movement became a part of the national struggle.
Answer: Madan Mohan Malviya

5. Members of the ____ initiated the process of organizing the peasants on modern lines.
Answer: Home Rule League

6. With the support of ____ Kisan Sabha came into existence in 1918.
Answer: Madan Mohan Malviya

7. The ____ movement died an untimely death because of the severe repression of the colonial British authorities.
Answer: Eka

8. The peasants of Bardoli organized Satyagraha under the leadership of ____
Answer: Vallabhbhai Patel

9. Economically ruined peasants of ____ were organized into BPKS.
Answer: Bihar

10. The ____ Movement by Congress under the leadership of Gandhiji served as an encouragement to the peasants’ movement.
Answer: Civil Disobedience

11. After the Congress ministries were formed in 1937 a new phase of the ____ movement opened.
Answer: Peasants’

12. Before the working class was organized a humble beginning towards the welfare of the workers was made by the social workers like ____
Answer: Sasipada Banerjee

13. During the anti-Partition agitation a marked feature was the ____ unrest’.
Answer: Industrial

14. The ____ Congress (1905) made an emphatic protest against the Partition of Bengal.
Answer: Benaras

15. The anti-Partition movement saw the faint beginnings of a ____ leaning among some of the nationalist leaders.
Answer: Socialist

16. There was a resurgence of ____ class activities between 1919 and 1922.
Answer: Working

17. Formation of ____ in 1920 was welcomed by the Indian National Congress.
Answer: AITUC

18. During the Non Co-operation Movement the Congress leaders, ____ and Viswananda, thought of pressurizing the British Government through powerful strike.
Answer: Darsanananda

19. Though the ____ was short lived, its units in some of the provinces emerged as the political party of the working class.
Answer: WPP

20. Initially, the Communist Party of India was established outside ____
Answer: India

21. The formation of Congress ministries in different provinces following the election of 1937 gave a boost to the ____ class movement.
Answer: Working

22. The Quit India Movement formally began on ____ with arrests of most of the prominent national leaders including Gandhiji.
Answer: 9 August 1942

23. Following the “People’s War” line the ____ dissociated themselves from the Quit India Movement.
Answer: Communists

24. In 1928 the Indian Independence League was formed jointly by Jawaharlal Nehru and ____
Answer: Subhas Chandra Bose

Question 25. ____ was the elected Chairman of the All India Congress Socialist Party.
Answer: Sampurnanand

26. The Communist Party of India was first set up at ____
Answer: Taskhent

27. After the birth of the CPI in India ____ became the General Secretary.
Answer: M.G. Ghate

28. The Meerut Conspiracy Case of 1929 gave a severe blow to the activities of the ____
Answer: Communists

29. ____ is better known as ‘M.N. Roy’.
Answer: Narendranath Bhattacharya

Statement and Assertion

Question 1.
Statement : In the twentieth century most of the weaknesses of the peasant movement were overcome.
Assertion :
(a) The anti-Partition movement soon assumed an all-India character.
(b) The participation of peasants in the anti-Partition movement was very much limited.
(c) The indigo peasants of Champaran in Bihar rose in rebellion.
(d) There was no question of Leftist leadership amongst the peasants at that time.
Answer:
(c) The indigo peasants of Champaran in Bihar rose in rebellion.

Question 2.
Statement : It was during the time of the Non-Cooperation movement that the process of organizing the peasants on modern lines began.
Assertion :
(a) Kisan Sabha came to be established for the first time in U.P. (United Province).
(b) Formed in 1918 the Kisan Sabha moved from strength to strength.
(c) Kisan Sabha came into esistence with the support of Madan Mohan Malviya.
(d) In organizing the peasants the Indian communists within the Congress.
Answer:
(a) Kisan Sabha came to be established for the first time in U.P. (United Province).

Question 3.
Statement : The discontent of the peasants of U.P. surfaced in the form of Eka Movement.
Assertion :
(a) Passi Madari and Sahreb were the two most important leaders of the Eka Movement.
(b) The Eka Movement died an untimely death.
(c) The initial thrust of the Eka Movement was provided by the Congress.
(d) The rebel peasants took a vow that they would pay only the recorded rent.
Answer:
(d) The rebel peasants took a vow that they would pay only the recorded rent.

Question 4.
Statement : The Great Depression of 1929 adversely affected the Indian peasantry.
Assertion :
(a) The peasantry of Bihar organized themselves into Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha in 1929.
(b) In Andhra Pradesh also a peasants’ organization came to be established.
(c) In United Province the economically ruined peasantry began a new type of movement, e.g. ‘no-revenue and no-rent’ campaign.
(d) In Bengal the initiative to organize the peasants was taken up by Muzaffar Ahmed and others.
Answer:
(c) In United Province the economically ruined peasantry began a new type of movement, e.g. ‘no-revenue and no-rent’ campaign.

Question 5.
Statement : The first Left-wing peasant organization in India was not conceived as an exclusive peasant body, but bracketed with ‘workers’.
Assertion :
(a) Initially it functioned as a left-wing within the Congress fold.
(b) The “Workers’ and Peasants’ Party” came into existence by early 1927.
(c) The WPP came into existence under the leadership of leaders like Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed and others.
(d) The WPP gained strength within the Congress in provincial and national levels.
Answer:
(b) The “Workers’ and Peasants’ Party” came into existence by early 1927 .

Question 6.
Statement : Formation of the Congress ministries in different provinces marked the beginning of a new kind of peasant movement.
Assertion :
(a) The movement did not assume the character of anti-lordism.
(b) The peasantry was in no mood to undertake no-rent and no-revenue movement as they had done earlier.
(c) With the model of Russian Revolution before them the Indian communists showed greater interest in trade unions rather than the peasant movements.
(d) The communists laid the foundation of their own organization, All India Kisan Sabha.
Answer:
(b) The peasantry was in no mood to undertake no-rent and no-revenue movement as they had done earlier.

Question 7.
Statement : The anti-Partition Movement was a landmark in the history of the labour movement.
Assertion :
(a) A marked feature of the anti-Partition Movement was labour unrest’.
(b) Many of leaders of the Swadeshi encouraged the labourers to unite and organize themselves into unions.
(c) A number of strikes broke out sharply during the anti-Partition movement.
(d) A section of the nationalist leaders thought of talking with the British authorities for the protection of labourers’ interest.
Answer:
(a) A marked feature of the anti-Partition Movement was ‘labour unrest’.

Question 8.
Statement : The anti-Partition Movement saw the faint beginnings of socialist leaning among some of the nationalist leaders. Assertion :
(a) The 14 September 1907 edition of the newspaper Nabasakti openly advocated following the example of working class movement in Russia.
(b) Some extremist leaders openly urged for following the ‘Russian method’ of political general strike in India.
(c) Some advocated the Indian workers to learn from the workers of Russia.
(d) Some of the nationalist leaders were imbued with the Marxist ideas that had been developing in Europe.
Answer:
(d) Some of the nationalist leaders were imbued with the Marxist ideas that had been developing in Europe.

Question 9.
Statement : After a period of slump there was a resurgence of working class activities between 1919 and 1922
Assertion :
(a) The working class movement in India entered into a new phase at the clse of the First World War.
(b) The working class could not stay away from the call of Mahatma Gandhi.
(c) The working class in this period got involved in the mainstream of national politics in a significant way.
(d) The price hike following the World War worsened the living condition of working class of India.
Answer:
(c) The working class in this period got involved in the mainstream of national politics in a significant way.

Question 10.
Statement : Socialist influence in Indian politics betweer 1921 and 1924 strengthened the working class movement.
Assertion :
(a) Despite repression by the British the Workers’ and Peasants’ Party (WPP) was formed in 1927.
(b) An aspect of the WPP was that it functioned as a left-wing within the Congress.
(c) Though short-lived the WPP spread its organization in the provincial and national levels.
(d) The communist-led WPP devoted itself, among other things, to the growth of class consciousness amongst the working class.
Answer:
(d) The communist-led WPP devoted itself, among other things, to the growth of class consciousness amongst the working class.

Question 11.
Statement : Indian working class participated in a big way in the Congress-led Quit India Movement.
Assertion :
(a) During the tenure of the Congress ministries, between 1937 and 1939 there was a phenomenal rise in the trade union movement.
(b) With the spread of Gandhiji’s arrest workers of different places of the country went on strikes and hartals.
(c) During the Quit India Movement the strikes organized by the trade unions mostly ended successfully.
(d) Following the “People’s War” line the communists dissociated themselves from the Quit India Movement.
Answer:
(c) During the Quit India Movement the strikes organized by the trade unions mostly ended successfully.

Question 12.
Statement : The two Congress Leftwingers, Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose, jointly formed the Indian Independence League in 1928.
Assertion :
(a) The Indian Independence League contributed immensely to the launching of Civil Disobedience Movement.
(b) Communal riots convinced Nehru that religion in India will kill that country and its people if it is not subdued’.
(c) Apart from Nehru and Subhas there were many other Congress workers who were wedded to the leftist ideal.
(d) Restiveness of youths in the late 20s gave birth to a variety of student and youth organizations.
Answer:
(a) The Indian Independence League contributed immensely to the launching of Civil Disobedience Movement.

Match List I with List II

Question 1.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) A significant event in the early years of the Indian National Movement	(i) Supporters of the Congress
(b) Muslim peasants of Barisal (in present Bangladesh)	(ii) Gandhiji
(c) Non Co-operation Movement	(iii) Aswini Kumar Datta
(d) Members of the Home Rule League	(iv) Anti-Partition Movement

Answer:
(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

Question 2.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Eka Movement	(i) 1929
(b) First Non Co-operation Movement	(ii) Salt Law
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement	(iii) Bardoli Satyagraha
(d) The Great Depression	(iv) Pasi Madari

Answer:
(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

Question 3.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Sahajananda Saraswati	(i) Bihar
(b) BPKS	(ii) Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha
(c) Andhra Provincial Ryot’s Association	(iii) U.P (United Province)
(d) ‘No-revenue and no-rent’ campaign	(iv) N.G. Ranga

Answer:
(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

Question 4.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Reduction of land-tax	(i) 1937
(b) Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, P.C. Joshi and others	(ii) Congress Leftwingers
(c) Congress Socialist Party	(iii) U.P. Congress
(d) New kind of peasant movement	(iv) Workers’ and Peasants’ Party

Answer:
(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

Question 4.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Congress Ministries	(i) East Indian Railways
(b) Social welfare for workers	(ii) Anti-Partition Movement
(c) Swadeshi and Boycott	(iii) Sasipada Banerjee
(d) Strike of clerks	(iv) 1937

Answer:
(a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

Question 5.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Madras Labour Union	(i) 1920
(b) All India Trade Union Congress	(ii) B.P. Wadia
(c) Socialist influence	(iii) Communist leaders
(d) Workers’ and Peasants’ Party	(iv) 1921-1924

Answer:
(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

Question 6.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Six-month long strike	(i) Communist Party of India
(b) Communist Party of India at Tashkent	(ii) 9 August 1942
(c) Quit India Movement	(iii) 1925
(d) People’s War line	(iv) Textile workers of Bombay

Answer:
(a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)

Question 7.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Central figures in the resurgent national movement of 1920s	(i) Congress leaders wedded to leftist ideal
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Bose	(ii) Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Ch. Bose
(c) Conference at Nasik Central Jail	(iii) At Tashkent in 1925
(d) Communist Party of India	(iv) All India Congress Socialist Party

Answer:
(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)

Question 8.
Match the following:

List I	List II
(a) Foundation of the CPI at Tashkent	(i) Radical Democratic Party
(b) Manabendranath Roy	(ii) M.N. Roy
(c) M.N. Roy became a humanist	(iii) Meerut Conspiracy Case
(d) Severe blow to the activities of the Communists in India	(iv) From a Marxist

Answer:
(a)-(ii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(iii)