Detailed explanations in West Bengal Board Class 8 Geography Book Solutions Chapter 6 Climatic Regions offer valuable context and analysis.
WBBSE Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 Question Answer – Climatic Regions
Textbook Page no. 60.
See some characteristics of the Meditrranean clifinate is just opposite to Monsoon climate of our ountry. Cimpare the climate of two tyges.
Monsoon climate
1. Influenced by Monsoon wind
2. Summer hot and humid
3. Winter dry and cool
4. Rain fall occur due to wet Monsoon wiad
5. Monsoon wind blows seasonally.
Mediterranean Climate
1. Influenced by Trade wind.
2. Summer hot and cloudless.
3. Winter wet and ful of moisture.
4. Rainfall occur due to wet westerlies wind.
5. Seasonally Trade and Westerlies blows.
Textbook Page no. 64.
Question 1.
Write your own explanation ………………….. specific climatic regions.
Answer:
cause-effect relationship of physical and scio-economic environment.
Equatorial Climatic Region :
Heavy rainfall occurs through out the year for excessive temperature. For this reason evergreen forest has grown here. The inhabitants practise shifting cultivation. They also earn money through some industries, they are not so economically developed.
Monsoon climatic Reģion :
Four types of climates found here. Heavy rainfall occurs due to monsoon wind. Deciduous and cactus typed plants are grown here. Besides lion and tiger clephant, Rhino, wolf, bear are common animals of this region. The region is industrially developed for agriculture, densely populated and economically developed.
Mediterranean Climatic Region :
Almost 16 countries belong to this climatic region. For the temperature climate evergreen and deciduous plants grow here. This region is developed in agriculture, fruit based industry and export business. Film industry has been flourished. Economically prosperous region.
Tundra Climatic Region :
Extremely cold climate through out the year. The ice melts in summer. Short cool summer. Long cold winter. Mass, lichens grow. Rarely populated region. The main livelihood is hunting. Besides, exporting importing are other occupation. Presently, the region is gradually developing.
In your opinion, which climate. opinion and cite reasons.
Effect of Climate
Reason for development
Namc of the climatic region
In Miditerranean climatic region for the influence of modrate climate the summer is dry and the winter is wet. Snowfall is rare.
Reason for Backword
Name of the climatic region
In equatorial region hot summer is experienced through out the year and annual temperatures is less. Rainfall abundant.
Other reason
Economically developed. Agriculture and fruit based industries are the main livelihood of the people.
Unhealthy climate, dense forest, poisonous insects, malaria. black fever etc. are the hindrance of the development.
Class 8 Geography Chapter 6 Question Answer West Bengal Board – Climatic Regions
Multiple Choice Questions & Answers : (1 mark for each question)
Question 1.
In equatorial region the-
i) days one longer nights are shorter
ii) days are shorter nights are longer
iii) days and nights are almost equal
Answer:
iii) days and nights are almost equal
Question 2.
In equateral region nights are called –
i) Tropical summer
ii) Tropical winter
iii) Tropical autumn
Answer:
ii) Torpical winter.
Question 3.
In equaterial region in a year number of rainy days are-
i) 100-200
ii) 200-400
iii) 250-300
iv) 200-300
it Answer: 250-300
Question 4.
In equaterical region grows-
i) Brazil nut
ii) wal nut
iii) ground nut
Answer:
i) Brazil nut.
Question 5.
Brazilian rainforests in 2 sq K m can have up to-
i) 100 species of trees
ii) 200 species of trees
iii) 300 species of trees
iv) 400 species of trees
Answer:
iii) 300 species of trees
Question 6.
The inhabitants of Amazon basin are-
i) Pygmies
ii) Senuangs
iii) Red Indians
Answer:
iii) Red Indians.
Question 7.
The inhabitants of South-East Asia are-
i) Semangs
ii) Pigmies
iii) Red Indians
Answer:
i) Semangs.
Question 8.
In monsoon climatic region belongs to-
i) Amazon Basin
ii) Queensland
iii) Syria
iv) Libya
Answer:
ii) Queensland.
Question 9.
The average rainfall in monsoon climetic region is-
i) 100-200 cm
ii) 300-400 cm
iii) 150-250 cm
iv) 200-300 cm
Answer:
iv) 200-300 cm.
Question 10.
In monsoon climetic region which forest is foand-
i) mangrove forest
ii) grassland
iii) coniferous
Answer:
i) mangrove forest
Question 11.
At the coastal areas in monsoon climetic region the animal is found-
i) whale
ii) sherk
iii) Crocodile
Answer:
iii) Crocodile.
Question 12.
The main industry of monsoon region is-
i) iron and steel
ii) silk
iii) jute
iv) paper
Answer:
i) iron and steel
Question 13.
The influence of Mediterrancan climate is found in-
i) 10 countries
ii) 14 countries
iii) 15 countries
iv) 16 countries
Answer:
iv) 16 countries
Question 14.
The average rainfall in Mediterranean climetic region is –
i) 25-150 cm
ii) 100-200 cm
iii) 200-300 cm
Answer:
i) 25-150 cm.
Question 15.
The other name of Mediterranean climetic region is-
i) country of summer rainfall
ii) country of winter rainfall
iii) country of autumn rainfall
Answer:
ii) country of winter rainfall
Question 16.
The most famous fruit of Mediterranean climatic region is
i) olive
ii) mango
iii) orange
iv) straberry
Answer:
i) olive.
Question 17.
The most common cattle of Mediterranean climatic region is-
i) cow
ii) deer
iii) camel
iv) horse
Answer:
iii) camel.
Question 18.
The major industry of Mediterranean region is-
i) jute
ii) silk
iii) handloom
iv) iron
Answer:
ii) silk.
Question 19.
Italy in Mediterranean region is famous for-
i) iron
ii) mineral oil
iii) marble
iv) gold
Answer:
iii) marble.
Question 20.
Olive oil is obtained from-
i) olive
ii) grapes
iii) apple
iv) cherry
Answer:
i) olive.
Question 21.
The best film industry is developed in-
i) Rome
ii) Egypt
iii) Paris
iv) California
Answer:
iv) California.
Question 22.
Tundra region is named after-
i) Tundra tree
ii) Tundra bird
iii) one type of algae
Answer:
iii) one type of algae
Question 23.
Tundra climate is found in a very small part of-
i) northern part of Eurasia
ii) southerm part of Eurasia
iii) middle of Eurasia
Answer:
i) northern part of Eurasia
Question 24.
Virkhayansk is located at-
i) northern hemisphere
ii) equatorial region
iii) southern hemisphere
Answer:
i) Northern hemisphere.
Question 25.
In the land mass of Tundra region is found-
i) camel
ii) tiger
iii) horse
iv) sledge dog
Answer:
iv) sledge dog
Question 26.
In coastal region of Tundra region the animals found-
i) seal-whale-walrus
ii) seal-whale-crocodile
iii) seal-whale-starfish are found
Answer:
i) seai-whale-walrus
Question 27.
The inhabitants of the Northern part of Alaska is-4
i) Eskimos
ii) Fin
iii) Lapps
Answer:
i) Eskimos.
Question 28.
The inhabitants of Syberia in Eurasia is-
i) Samoyeds
ii) Eskimos
iii) Red Indians
iv) Lapps
Answer:
i) Satmoyeds.
Question 29.
In Tundra region animal is found-
i) wolf ,
ii) Polar beer
iii) Lion
iv) Tiger
Answer:
ii) Polar beer.
Question 30.
The food of the inhabitants of polar region-
i) milk and biscuits
ii) milk and strawberry
iii) milk and berry
Answer:
iii) milk and berry
Question 31.
The one of the major experting goods of Tundra region is-
i) tea
ii) tobaceo
iii) meat
iv) fleece
Answer:
iv) fleece
Question 32.
As the means of transportation in water the inhabitants of Tundra region use-
i) bajra
ii) launch
iii) kayak
Answer:
iii) kayak
Fill in the blanks : (1 mark for cach question)
1. Africa’s ______ river basin belongs to equatorial region.
2. Middle America’s Panama, ______ parts of climetic regien. islands experience equatorial
3. Through out the year worm summer exists resulting annual temperature range of only _______.
4. In equaterial region heavy ______ rainfall occurs.
5 . In the evening 3 or 4 pm the _______ louds cover the sky.
6. Equatorial climatic zone is influenced by ________ zone.
7. The tropical forest in Brasil’s Amazon river basin is called _______.
8. _____ tree is mostly found in equatorial climatic region.
9. ______ lives in the zaireh basin of equatorial region.
10. Pygmies, Red IndiAnswer:Semangs are gathering and ______ tribes.
11. Main plantation crops in equatorial clinatic region are cocoa, banana ______.
12. In equatorial region rubbar is produced in _____, Java – of Sourth-East Asia.
13. Cocoa and palm are cultivated in ______.
14. Sugarcane and ______ are cultivates in West Indies.
15. Mineral oil and are found abundantly in Sumantra, Java and
16. The Arbian word ‘Mousim’ means ______.
17. In Asia besides India monsoon climate is found in ______, _______
18. Due to ______ snowfall occurs in North-West India and some part of _____.
19. South-West monsson wind from Arabian sea and _____ causes heavy rainfall in Indian subcontinent.
20. For whimsical nature of _______ flood and droughts occur annualy.
21. Formation of depression in the Bay of Bengal causes ______ and _____.
22. In the monsoon climate dense _______ forests are found.
23. The places where the annual rainfall is more than 200 cm the forest like____ sishu garjan are grown in even dry season.
24. The places where the rainfall is 100-200 cm the forest of sal, teak, sisam ____, – mango, jackfruit are found.
25. ______ of Gir forest in Gujarat and of Sundarban is famous.
26. The landform of monsoon climate region is _______.
27. The Mediterrancan climatic region is found in – of North America.
28. ______ Libya, Algeria. Tunisia of Africa are influenced by Mediterranean climate.
29. Mediterranean climatic region is called as –
30. During summer high pressure belt is situated in the ______ region.
31. ______ is one of the main trees of Mediterranean region.
32. The main crop of Mediterranean region is _______.
34. Mediterranean region is called _______.
35. _______ and _______ are found in Italy of Mediterranean region.
36. _______ is found in Spain.
37. _______ from grapes is manufactured in France.
38. _______ of California is famous for film industry.
39. _______ of Portugal is one of a main port.
40. _______ of Australia is a fomous port.
41. _______ of America belong to Tundra region.
42. Some part of _______ in Southern hemisphere belongs to Tundra climatic region.
43. In Tundra climatic region rainfall is _____.
44. _____ and ______ flower bloom in Tundra region.
45. The people of Tundra region live in house made of ice or ______.
46. The people of Tundra region cultivate by using latest technology by ______.
47. _____ and _____ are the common phenomena of Tundra region.
48. In the northern Norway at _______ port sun remains visible at midnight.
Answer:
1. Congo
2. Coastarica, Caribbean
3. 2°C
4. Conventional
5. Cumulo-bumboo
6. Inter Tropical convergence
7. Enohona
8. Sinchona
9. Pygmies
10. hunting
11. palm
12. Malay Sumatra
13. Guinea Coast
14. Banana
15. Natural gas. Borneo
16. Season
17. Vietnam, Taiwan
18. Westerlies, Pakistan
19. Bay of Bengal
20. monsoon,
21. Thunder storm, rainfall
22. Evergreen
23. Mehogony,
24. palash, sirish, mahua
25. Lion, tiger
26. plain.
27. California
28. Egypt, Morocco
29. Country of winter rainfall
30. Mediterranean
31. Olive
32. Wheat
33. Silk
34. Basket of fruits
35. Marble and sulphur
36. Iron
37. Wine
38. Holywood
39. Lisbon
40. Adelaide
41. Canada
42. Antarctica
43. 20-30 cm.
44. Mass, Lichen
45. Igloo
46. greenhouse
47. Snowfall, snowdust
48. Hammerfest
State whether True or False : (1 mark for each question)
1. Throughout the year intence heat and heavy rainfall occur near equator.
2. In Equatorial climatic region days and nights are almost equal throughout the year.
3. Palm, cocoa and cinchona are main trees in the Selva.
4. Rubber is the main plantation crop in Malay.
5. Somalia and Madagascar are not influenced by monsoon climate.
6. North-East monsoon wind does not cause rainfall all over India.
7. Monsoon climatic region is world famous for rice cultivation.
8. Most of the roads are rough in monsoon climatic region.
9. Mild temperate climate throughout the year is the main characteristics of mediterrancan region.
10. Olive trees are seen in maximum number in mediterranean region.
11. Rome and Naoles in France are the main industrial centres.
12. Monsoon wind flows regularly throughout the year.
13. In Tundra region winters are long and severe.
14. After two months of spring summer comes in Tundra region.
15. The tundra is sparsely populated duc to adverse climate.
16. In coastal region of Tundra seal, whale, walrus are found.
17. There are 100-150 rainy days in a year in equatorial climatic region.
18. The Amazon basin was cosnected to the rest of the world by the TransAmazon Highway in 1970.
19. Monsoon climatic region is thickly populated region of the world.
20. In temperate climate region maize is the main crop.
21. Temperate climate region is rich in mineral resources.
22. Round shaped house Igloo is made of ice.
Answer:
1. true
2. true
3. false
4. true
5. false
6. true
7. true
8. false
9. true
10. true
11. false
12. false
13. true
14. false
15. true
16. true
17. false
18. true
19. true
20. false
21. false
22. true
Match the following : (1 mark for each question)
Match the column A with column B.
| Column A | Column B |
| a) Samoyeds live | i) are evergreen trees |
| b) Inhabitants of Tundra climatic region | ii) is called Busket of fruits |
| c) Snowfall and snowstorm are common | iii) $10^{\circ}$ to $30^{\circ}$ latitudes in both hemisphere |
| d) Eucalyptus and rosewood | iv) trees in Congo |
| e) Temperate climate region | v) is thickly populated |
| f) Cold summer, wet winter are main | vi) in Eurasia |
| g) Monsoon climate region | vii) import tea, coffee, tobaceo |
| h) Monsoon climate is found from | viii) in Equatorial climatic region |
| i) Cocoa and cinchona are dominant | ix) in Tundra climatic region |
| j) The humidity always remains high | x) characteristies of temperate climate |
Answer:
a) Samoyeds live in Eurasia.
b) Inhabitants of Tundra climatic region import tea, coffee,”tobacco.
c) Snowfall and snowstorm are common in Tundra climatic region.
d) Eucalyptus and rosewood are evergreen trees.
e) Temperate climate region is called Busket of fruits.
f) Cold summer, wet winter are main characteristics of temperate climate.
g) Monsoon climate region is thickly populated.
h) Monsoon climate is found from 10° to 30° latitudes in both hemisphere.
i) Cocoa and cinchona are dominant trees in Congo.
j) The humidity always remains high in Equatorial climatic region.
Very Short Questions & Answers : (1 mark for each question)
Question 1.
Which region is located as equatorial region?
Answer:
The region between 5°-10° north and south latitude is located as equatorial region.
Question 2.
Which part of India belong to equatorial region?
Answer:
The south west part of India belong to equatorial region.
Question 3.
Which part of South America belong to equatorial region?
Answer:
The amazon river basin of South America belong to equatorial region.
Question 4.
Which part of Middle America belong to equatorial region?
Answer:
Middle american’s Panama. Coasterica, part of Caribbean Islands.
Question 5.
What is known as the night of the equatorial region?
Answer:
It is known as “winters of the tropies”.
Question 6.
What is known the equatorial forest?
Answer:
Equatorial forest is known as Evergreen forest.
Question 7.
Which type of rainfall occurs in equatorial region?
Answer:
Convectional rainfall.
Question 8.
What is known as the tropical forest of Brazil?
Answer:
Selva.
Question 9.
How many species of trees found in the rain-forest of Brazil in 2 sq Km area?
Answer:
300 species of trees in 2 sq Km area in Brazilian rainforest.
Question 10.
Name the inhabitant of Zaire basin.
Answer:
Pigmies live in Zaire Basin.
Question 11.
Which type of inhabitants found in upper Amazon basin?
Answer:
Red Indians.
Question 12.
Which type of people found in South-East Asia?
Answer:
Semangs are found in South-East Asia.
Question 13.
Which type of agriculture is followed in equatorial region?
Answer:
Shifting agriculture is followed in equatorial region.
Question 14.
What are cultivated in Gunea Coast of Africa?
Answer:
Cocoa and palm are cultivated in Gunea Coast of Africa.
Question 15.
When was Trans-Amazon highway constructed?
Answer:
Trans-Amazon highway was constructed in 1970.
Question 16.
What are the causes of the hinderace of economical development in equatorial region?
Answer:
Unhealthy environment, dense forest, poisonous insect, maleria etc.
Question 17.
What is the meaning of the word ‘monsoon’?
Answer:
The word monsoon means season.
Question 18.
Which region of East Africa belong to monsoon climetic region?
Answer:
Somalia, Madagascar of East Africa.
Question 19.
How many types of season found in monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
4 types of season are found in monsoon climatic region.
Question 20.
Which part of Australia experience ‘monsoon’ climate?
Answer:
Queensland Province of Australia.
Question 21.
Which countries of Asia belong to monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Srilanka, Myanmar. Thailand, Vietnam, Kamptichlia, South Chitha, Philippines etc.
Question 22.
What is the average temperature of monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
The average temperature is 25° C.
Question 23.
What is the annual rainfall of monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
Annual rainfall is 200-300 cm.
Question 24.
What is the annual rainfall of Mawsynran?
Answer:
Annual rainfall is nifore than m0re than 1200 cm.
Question 25.
Which type of vegetation found in Monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
Dense evergreen forest is found.
Question 26.
Where is the evergreen forest found in monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
Evergreen forest is found the places where the annual rainfall is 200 cm.
Question 27.
Where is mangrove forest is found in monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
The mangrove forest is found in Coastal area of monsoon climatic region.
Question 28.
Name the animals of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
The animals are elephant, rhinocerous, cheeta, deer, wolf, monkey, fox etc.
Question 29.
Name the minerals of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
The minerals, like coal, iron, copper, man anese, bauxite, mineral oil are found in monsoon climatic region.
Question 30.
Name the crops of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
The main crops are rice, jute, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, oil seed, tea, coffee etc.
Question 31.
Name the fruits of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
Fruits are mango, cherry, jackfruit, bannana, pineapple etc.
Question 32.
Name the minerals of equatorial region.
Answer:
The minerals are tin in malaya, mineral oil and natural gas in Sumarta, java and bornio.
Question 33.
What are the main industry of monsoon climatic region?
Answer:
Jute industry, cotton textile industry, tea industry etc.
Question 34.
How is the communication system in monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
The communication system is very good. The railway, roadway and airway is highly developed.
Question 35.
What are the main cities of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Sanghai, Dhaka, Yangoon, Bangkok etc.
Question 36.
Name a country of South America in mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Chilli of South America is in mediterranean climatic region
Question 37.
Name some Europian countries lie in Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
France, Italy, Spain, Greece, Portugal, Albenia, Yagoslava.
Question 38.
Name some Asian countries lie in Mediterrancan climetic region.
Answer:
Turkey, Israel, Syria, lebanon.
Question 39.
Name some African countries lie in Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Egypt, Morocco, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia etc.
Question 40.
Name some countries of the world where Mediterranean climate is found.
Answer:
California of North America, Chile of South America, Cape Town of South Africa,
South West and South-Eastern part of Australia.
Question 41.
What are the main features of Meditiranean climate?
Answer:
Mild temperature through out the year, dry summer and wet winter.
Question 42.
What is the other name of Mediterranean climatic region?
Answer:
The other name is ‘country of winter rainfall’.
Question 43.
What are the natural vegetation of Mediterranean climatic region?
Answer:
Evergreen forest with thick leaves and hard stem.
Question 44.
Name some type of vegetation found in Meditirranean climatic region.
Answer:
Coneferous vegetation, Evergreen vegetation and shurb type vegetation.
Question 45.
Name some coniferous trees of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Pine, Fir, Cedar.
Question 46.
Name some evergreen trees of Mediterennean climatic region.
Answer:
Oak, Cork, Eucalyptus, Rosewood.
Question 47.
What are the shrub type vegetation of Mediterranean climatic region?
Answer:
Maple, Laurel, Rasemery, Lavender.
Question 48.
Name one of the main trees of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Olive.
Question 49.
Name some animals of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Donkey, Sheep, Goat, Mule.
Question 50.
Name some crops of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Maize, barley, rice, cotton, tobacco.
Question 51.
What fruits are found in Mediterranean climatic region?
Answer:
Grapes, olive, pear, apple, orange, walnut, pianult, pulm, fig etc.
Question 52.
What is the Mediterranean climatic region called for the production of fruits?
Answer:
It is called as ‘Basket of fruits’.
Question 53.
Name the minerals of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Mineral oil in California, Bankette in France, Marble in Italy, Iran \& Spain.
Question 54.
What are the different occupation of the people of Mediterranean climatic region?
Answer:
Agriculture, orchard forming and archard based,industry, trade and commerce.
Question 55.
What are the different industry of Mediterranean climatic region?
Answer:
Wine making in Italy and France and processing from olives, processing fruit products.
Question 56.
Name a special industry of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
A special industry is famous film industry ‘Hollywood’ in California.
Question 57.
Name some main cities of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
Los Angeles, San Francisco in California, Rome and Naples in Italy, Cape Town in south Africa, Adelaide in Australia, Lisbon in Portugal.
Question 58.
Why is Tundra region named as Tundra?
Answer:
From the name of an algae this region is named as Tundra.
Question 59.
Which countries in Europe belong to Tundra region?
Answer:
Norway, Sweeden, Finland, Narrow coast of Greenland.
Question 60.
Which countries in Asia belong to Tundra region?
Answer:
Siberia in Asia.
Question 61.
What are the climatic features of Tundra climatic region?
Answer:
Short cool summer and long severe cold winter.
Question 62.
What is the coldest place of Northern hemisphere?
Answer:
Verkhoyansk in Siberia.
Question 63.
Which place is called the ‘Land of Midnight Sun’?
Answer:
Hammerfest port in Norway.
Question 64.
What is the average temperature of Tundra region?
Answer:
Average temperature is 10° C.
Question 65.
Which type of vegetation grow in Tundra climatic region?
Answer:
Mosses, shrub type of Birch, Juniper, Alder grow here.
Question 66.
Which type of vegetation grows in the wetland of Tundra?
Answer:
Mosses, dichens, different types of colourful flowers bloom in the wetland of Tundra.
Question 67.
What animals are found in the landmass of Tundra region?
Answer:
Sledge dog, arctic fox, polar deer, caribou are found in Tundra regicn.
Question 68.
What are the animals found in the coastal region of Tundra region?
Answer:
Seal, whale, walrus and different types of fishes.
Question 69.
Name the inhabitants of Tundra region.
Answer:
Eskimos, Red Indians, Samoyeds, Yakut, Lapps etc.
Question 70.
Name the inhabitants of greenland.
Answer:
Eskimos, Red Indians.
Question 71.
Name the inhabitants of Siberia in Eurasea.
Answer:
Somoyeds, Yakuts.
Question 72.
Name the inhabitants of Finland.
Answer:
Fin.
Question 73.
What type of people live in Tundra region?
Answer:
Normodic type.
Question 74.
In which type of house the people of Tundra region live in winter?
Answer:
They live in a round shaped house called Egloo during winter.
Question 75.
Where do they live in summer when the ice is melted?
Answer:
In summer when the ice is melted they live in tent made of seal’s skin called tupics.
Question 76.
What is known as the tent?
Answer:
The tent is known as Tupics.
Question 77.
What do the people of Tundra region use for transportation?
Answer:
They use wheelles sledge and the boat Kyak made of seal’s skin for tranportation.
Question 78.
What are the garments of the people of Tundra region made up of?
Answer:
They use to skin of animals in making their clothes.
Question 79.
What do the people of Tundra region use to make weapons?
Answer:
They use bones of animals for making weapons.
Question 80.
What animals do the people of Tundra region hunt for food?
Answer:
Seal, beer, Reindeer, arctic fox and fishes from sea.
Question 81.
What are the favourite food of the people of Tundra region?
Answer:
Milk of reindeer and berry fruits.
Question 82.
Name the minerals found in Tundra region.
Answer:
Coal, iron ore, gold, mineral oil.
Question 83.
Where are gold and mineral oil found?
Answer:
Ukraine and Alaska.
Question 84.
Where is iron-ore found?
Answer:
Kiruna region.
Question 85.
Where is coal found?
Answer:
Pittsburrgh.
Question 86.
Name a railway of Tundra region.
Answer:
The railway connecting Murmansk part of Siberia to Saint Reters-burg.
Question 87.
Name a Highway of Tuntra region.
Answer:
Alaska highway.
Question 88.
What are the imported and exported good of Tundra?
Answer:
This region import tea coffee tobacco against fleece and feather of animals.
Long Questions & Answers : (3 marks for each question)
Question 1.
What is called ‘Burst of Monsoon’?
Answer:
When South-East Monsoon coming from Arabean sea branch and Bay of Bengal branch enter the Indian subcontinent and sudden and tremendous rainfall occurs. This is called Burst of Monsoon.
Question 2.
Mention the climatic characteristics of equatorial climatic region.
Answer:
The Sunrays fall perpendicular on this region through out the year. So this region experience extreme temperature. During the day temperature rises upto 38° C and at night it remain 20°-25° C. The difference between highest and lowest tange of temperature is more. Heavy rainfall occurs through out the year.
Question 3.
Write about natural vegetation of equatorial climatic region.
Answer:
In this region some or the other tree bears green leaves, flowers and fruits throughout the year. Hence, these forests are called evergreen forests. They are called Selva in the Amazon basin of brazil. Rubber, rosewood, Brazil nut, iron wood and bamboo are found in the selva. Mahogany, rubber, palm, cocoa and cinchona are the dominant trees in the Congo and Zaire basins. In southeast Asia the equatorial forests consist of ablus, sal, teak, rubber trees. In the coastal areas coconut and palm trees are common.
Question 4.
Write about animals of equatorial climatic region.
Ans.
Here birds and animals that can climb trees are dominant. Because here the forest is dense and the floor is covered with undergrowth. Monkeys, cl.impanzees, gorillas, orangutans, snakes, birds, insects and pests are found here. On land elephants, deer, rhinoceros and in water crocodiles and hippopotamus are found.
Question 5.
Write about the inhabitants of equatorial climatic region.
Answer:
Due to hot humid climate, unhygienic conditions and wild natural environment here human settlements are scanty. Equatorial climatic regions of south-east Asia are more inhabited than the Zaire ar. Amazon bisins. Main inhabitants of this region are Pygmies of Zaire basin, Red Indians of upper A mazns basin, Semangs of south-east Asia.
Question 6.
Write about farming of the inhabitants of equatorial climatic region.
Answer:
Methods of shifting cultivation are being practiced in the forest fringes to grow corns, turnip, banana, yum. After establishing colonies by Europian traders, now the inhabitants practice piantation farming. Among them rubber in Malay, Java and Sumatra of south-east Asia, sugarcane and banana in West Indies, cocoa and palm in the Guinea coast are mentionable.
Question 7.
Write about minerals and industries of equatorial climatic region.
Answer:
Minerals available in this region are – tin in Malaya, natural gas and petroleum in Sumatra, Java and Borneo. Want of raw materials has prevented the growth of heavy industries in this region. Based on local agro-based. forest-based and mineral-based raw materials some industries have emerged.
Question 8.
Mention the location of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
Monsoon climate is found from 10°-30^{\circ \prime latitudes in both hemispheres. In Asia India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Mayanmar, Srilanka, Vietnam, Kampuchea, Thailand, Taiwan, South China and some psrts of Philippines are under the influence of monsoon climate. Moreover, Somalia and Madagascar of East Africa, Queensland province of Australia are infuenced by monsoon climate.
Question 9.
Mention the climatic characteristics of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
Four seasons are noticed in monsoon climate. They are – a) Winter (NovemberJanuary), b) Pre monsoon summer (March-May), c) Monsoon Rainy Season (June-September), d) Autumn (September-October). In winter North-East monsoon wind blows. It does not cause rainfall in India. But Srilanka, Coromandal coast, Andaman and Nicobar Island gets more rainfall. Average temperature of Summer is 30° C. Intense heat creates low pressure. In Monsoon rainy season water vapour in the air is maximum. Sudden and tremendous rainfall occurs. in Autumn cold weather prevails. Formation of deep depression in the Bay of Bengal causes thunderstorm and rainfall.
Question 10.
Write about settlement, agriculture, industry of monsoon climatic region.
Answer:
This region is the leading producer of rice. Besides wheat, sugarcane, cotton, oil seed and different types of fruits like mango, jumun, jack gruit, lichi, banana, pine apple are grown here. The minerals like coal, iron, copper, manganese, bauxite, mineral oil are found in this region. Jute
industry, cotton industry, tea industry, iron and steel industry are the heavy industries of this region. The communication and transport system through railways, waterways, roadways are highly developed. The popular and developed cities like Delhi. Kolkata, Mumbai are flourished in this region. Rapid economic prosperity is the feature of this region.
Question 11.
Write about location of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
This climatic region lies in hot temperate zone. This type of climate is found in the Western part of the continents lie between 30°-40^{\circ latitude of both hemisphere. France. Italy, Spain, Greece, Portugal, Albania, former Yogoslavia of Europe. Turkey Israel, Syria, Lebanon of Asia; Egypt, Morocco, Libya, Algirea, Tunisia of Africa experience this type of climate. Also California of North America, Chili of South America, Capetown of South Africa, South. West and South Eastern part of Australia belong to this climatic region.
Question 12.
Write about animal rearing and agriculture of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:Here prevails rainless dry summer and wet winter. Hence donkey; sheep, goat, mule are reared here. Near hot deserts hen, camel are reared. This region is developed in agriculture. Wheat is the main crop. Moreover rice, maize, cotton, barley and tobacco is produced here. Due to bright and sunny weather grapes, apple, pears, olive, or ange, peach, walnut, peanuts, palm, sweeet fig and different types of citrus fruits are produced here. This region is called ‘Busket of fruits’.
Question 13.
Write about minerals and industry of Mediterranean climatic region.
Answer:
This region is not rich in mineral wealth. Mineral wealth in California, bauxite in France, marble and sulphur in Italy, iron in Spain are found here. Agriculture. orchard farming and orchard based industry, trade and commerce are main occupation here. Grapes are used in wine making in Italy and France. Oil producing from olives is a main industry in this region. Dry fruit, processed food products and flour industry is also mentionable. World famous filn industry Hollywood in California is located in this region.
Question 14.
Write about location of Tundra climatic region.
Answer:
Near the Arctic circle northern part of Canada in North America, Alaska, Northern parts of Eurasia, Norway, Sweden, Finland, coast of Greenland and Siberia in Asia are under the influence of tundra climate. This climate is also found in very small parts along the coast of Antarctica in southern hemisphere.
Question 15.
Describe about the winter climate of Tundra climatic region.
Answer:
At this region winters are long and severe cold. Winter lasts 8-9 months. At that time temperature falls 20° C-40° C. In Verkhoyansk of Siberia (coldest place of Northern hemisphere) average temperature of January remains -50.6° C. Due to severe cold entire region is covered by snow. Here snowfall and snowstorm are very common phenomena. Sun remains almost invisible in sky at that time. In continuous dark night sometimes for 2-3 hours Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis are seen.
Question 16.
Describe about the summer climate of Tundra climatic region.
Answer:
After two weeks of spring summer comes in Tundra region. It lasts for 2-3 months. This time average temperature remains 10° C. Sunset exists for a very short duration. Though sunrays exist 22-23 hours due to slanting rays. In the northern Norway at Hammerfest port and nearer ares remain visible at midnight. For this, this region is called ‘Land of Midnight Sun’. During summer the sky remains covered by fog.
Question 17.
Describe natural vegetation and animal life of Tundra climatic region.
Answer:
In Tundra climatic region as most of the times of the year temperature remains below freezing point, trees cannot grow. Mosses, shrub, birch, juniper, alder grow in summer when ice melts: In summer ground surface remains frozen. Wet land is formed due to accumulation of rain water on the ground surface. Mosses, lichens, different types of flowers bloom in the wetland. In the landmass of Tundra sledge dog, arctic fox, polar bear, caribou are seen. In coastal region seal, whale, walrus and different types of fishes are found.
Question 18.
Describe inhabitant’s lifestyle of Tundra climatic region.
Answer:
In Tundra region due to adverse climate, hardy lifestyle this area is sparsely populated. Here inhabitants set up their lives fighting with nature. Eskimos, Red Indians.Samoyeds, Yakutus, Lappas, Fin people live here. For severe cold agriculture is not possible here. The inhabitants roam from one place to another place. During winter they live in a round shaped house Igloo. It is made of ice. In summer when ice melts away they make tents tupics made of seal’s skin. For transportation they use wheelless sledges and the boat kayak made of seal’s skin. They use the skin of animals in making their clothes and bones for weapons. They hunt seal, bear, reindeer. arctic fox and catch fishes from sea for livelihood. Milk of reindeer and berry fruits are their favourite food.
Question 19.
Mention the recent changes in Tundra climatic region.
Answer:
Recently some mining areas are found here. Coal from Pittsburgh, iron-ore form Kiruna, gold and mineral oil form Alaska and Ukraine. So, a few industries have developed here. Connection with outerworld has increased through railways and water ways. Railway communication from Murmansk port of Siberia to Saint Petersburg has been established. Alaska highway of North America has connected Tundra region with the other parts. In some parts agriculture is done with the latest technology by greenhouse. Inhabitants of this region import tea, coffee, tobacco against fleece and feather of animal. Nowadays inhabitants are habituated with modern lifestyle.