WBBSE Class 10 Geography Solutions Chapter 5.9 Population of India

Detailed explanations in West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Book Solutions Chapter 5.9 Population of India offer valuable context and analysis.

WBBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 5.9 Question Answer – Population of India

Answer in short : 2 Marks

Question 1.
What do you mean by population growth ?
Answer:
Population growth refers to the increase in number of people residing in a particular place over a particular period of time.

Question 2.
What things are affected by population growth ?
Answer:
Population growth affects the socio-economic aspects of the country. It influences the levels of development, economic status, nature of utilisation of resources, etc.

Question 3.
What do you mean by sustainable development ?
Answer:
Sustainable development refers to the process of meeting human development goals while sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide resources and services upon which the economy and society depend. It is the organising principle for sustaining finite resources necessary to provide for the needs of future generations.

Question 4.
How do climate and relief affect the distribution of population in India?
Answer:
Relief : Plain land is more attractive for people rather than mountainous or plateau regions due to ease of economic activities like agriculture, industry, transport, etc.
Climate : Regions having moderate or maritime climate attract population much more rather than harsh and extreme climates. Eg – the coastal plains of Kerala are much more populated than the rugged himalayan ranges.

Question 5.
How does the presence of minerals influence population distribution in India?
Answer:
Presence of mineral resources boost the growth of industries. Availability of jobs attracts much population in these regions. Eg.- Chotanagpur Plateau.

Question 6.
What is the influence of transport and communication system and presence of ports on population distribution?
Answer:
Regions with good transport facilities and communication networks attract population for trade, commerce and other activities. Presence of ports boosts the transport system by waterways. Also, ports provide employment to a huge population at different levels.

Question 7.
What do you mean by urbanization ?
Answer:
Urbanization is the process of development of towns and cities from village due to high growth rate of population, availability of modern facilities of livelihood and easier and better means of life. It is the process of conversion of rural areas into urban areas.

Question 8.
How does scope of employment influence the process of urbanization?
Answer:
Rural areas cannot provide work to a large population due to various limitations. Scope of employment is comparatively higher and varied in urban areas. Hence, much population is attracted towards towns and cities, leading to more urbanization.

Question 9.
How does urbanization cause accommodation problems ?
Answer:
The rapidly growing population in the urban areas becomes difficult to house in the already existing set-up of the area. Hence, growth of slums and downtrodden areas are seen in the fringes of towns and cities.

Question 10.
How does proportion of unemployed population increase in urban areas?
Answer:
People from rural areas come to urban areas in search of employment. But the urban areas also have certain limitations in providing employment to the people. Hence, a huge portion of the expecting population remains unemployed and the proportion of the total unemployed population gradually increases.

Question 11.
What do you mean by Census?
Answer:
Census is the method of counting the total population of a particular region and calculating the birth rate, death rate, growth rate, along with the literacy rate, economic and social aspects etc.

Question 12.
What do you mean by the ‘growth rate of population’?
Answer:
The increase in population over a period of time due to the difference in birth and death rates is called ‘the growth rate of population’.

Question 13.
What is ‘overpopulation’?
Answer:
The condition where the total population of a country is more than the amount of available resources, is called overpopulation.

Question 14.
What is ‘underpopulation’?
Answer:
The condition where the total population of a country is less than the amount of available resources is called underpopulation.

Question 15.
What is optimum population ?
Answer:
The condition where the total population of a country is in parity with the total amount of resources available, is called optimum population.

Question 16.
What do you mean by density of population?
Answer:
The total population residing in a unit area of a country or a state or region, is known as the density of population.

Question 17.
What do you mean by negative growth rate of population ?
Answer:
In countries where the death rate is greater than the birth rate, population decreases rather than increases over time. This is known as the negative growth rate of population.

Question 18.
What do you mean by zero growth rate of population?
Answer:
The condition where the birth rates and death rates of population of a country are equal, the absolute population does not increase and rather remains constant over a period of time. This is known as the zero growth rate of population.

Question 19.
What is sex ratio?
Answer:
The ratio of the total number of females to every 1000 males of a country is known as the sex ratio.

Question 20.
What is ‘decadal growth rate of population’?
Answer:
The rate of growth of population over 10 years or between two consecutive census years is known as the ‘decadal growth rate of population’.

Question 21.
What is yearly growth rate of population?
Answer:
The rate of growth of population over a time period of one year is known as the yearly growth rate of population. It can be calculated by dividing the decadal growth rate by 10 .

Question 22.
What is Crude Birth Rate?
Answer:
The number of live children born in a country in a year with respect to every 1000 people, is known as the Crude Birth Rate or CBR.

Question 23.
What is Crude Death Rate ?
Answer:
The number of people dying every year in a country with respect to every 1000 people, is known as the Crude Death Rate or CDR.

Question 24.
What is Infant Mortality Rate ?
Answer:
The number of infants dying in a year in a country to every 1000 live children born in the same year is known as the Infant Mortality Rate or IMR.

Question 25.
What do you mean by the dependent population?
Answer:
The number of people lying within the age group of 0-14 years and over 60 years is known as the dependent population.

Question 26.
What is ‘dependency ratio’?
Answer:
in The ratio between the dependent population and the rest of the population of the country on which they depend, is called the dependency ratio.

Question 27.
What is normal increase of population?
Answer:
The increase of population of a country over a period of time due to difference between birth and death rates of population is known as the normal or natural increase of population.

Question 28.
What is ‘Birth rate’?
Answer:
The number of live children born in a country in a year to every 1000 people of the country, is known as the Birth rate.

Question 29.
What is ‘Death rate’?
Answer:
The number of people dying in a year in a country in every 1000 people of the country is known as Death rate.

Question 30.
What is Age-sex ratio ?
Answer:
The ratio between the males and females of different age groups of a country is known as the age-sex ratio.

Question 31.
What do you mean by ‘Life Expectancy’ ?
Answer:
The expected age till which a child may live, is known as the Life Expectancy. In 2013 , the life expectancy in India was 67.5 years.

Question 32.
What do you mean by literacy rate?
Answer:
The percentage of population of a country that can read and write in any language, calculated over a period of 10 years or census years, is known as the literacy rate. According to census of 2011, literacy rate of India is 73.0%

Question 33.
What is a ‘town’?
Answer:
According to the census definition, any area that lies under the municipal or notified Area, consists of a population of at least 5000 or density of population is at least 400 per sq km., and at least 75% people are engaged in nonagricultural works, is called a town. In some cases, all the criteria may not be fulfilled due to some exceptional qualilites.

Question 34.
What is a city ?
Answer:
An urban centre whose population lies within 1 lakh to 10 lakhs is known as a city.

Question 35.
What is a Metro city ?
Answer:
An urban centre whose population is more than 10 lakhs is known as a metro city. In India, according to the 2011census, there are 44 metrocities.

Question 36.
What is a Mega city ?
Answer:
An urban centre whose population is more than 50 lakhs is known as a mega city. Eg.- greater Kolkata, greater Mumbai etc.

Question 37.
What is a statutory town ?
Answer:
A town that is governed by a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or Notified Town Area Committee is known as a Statutory town.

Question 38.
What is a ‘Smart City’ ?
Answer:
A ‘Smart City’ is one where the old and new problems regarding service sectors are solved with the help of information and technological methods. They are also sometimes called Digital Cities as the service related problems are tried to be solved with the help of information technology digitally.

Answer in brief : 3 Marks

Question 1.
What is the need for sustainable development?
Answer:
The need for sustainable development are as follows :

1. Maintain a balance between population and available resources.
2. Development of economic, social, cultural, ecological and geographical aspects of the country.
3. Eradication of poverty.
4. Maintain a balance between environment and development.
5. Eradication of social evils and indisciplines.

Question 2.
What do you mean by Density of population ?
Answer:
Density of population refers to the number of people residing in one unit area, i.e. 1 sq. km. It is calculated by :

Density of population is only a quantitative information. It does not give any idea about the economic standard of the country or the level of resource utilisation.
India’s density of population is 382 persons per sq. km. according to the 2011 census.

Question 3.
How does urbanization cause problems of sewage and garbage disposal?
Answer:
Urbanization leads to rapid increase in population in the urban centres which leads to several problems. One such problem is regarding sewage and garbage disposal. The huge volume of disposable solid and liquid wastes generated by the huge population is difficult to handle with the present sewage systems of the urban areas. Thus, waste dumps and water logging of drains occur in urban areas. The problems are even severe in slum areas. This leads to spread of diseases due to unhygienic conditions.

Question 4.
What do you mean by population explosion ?
Answer:
The condition of high rate of increase of population of a country over a small period of time is called ‘Population explosion’. Usually, if the yearly growth rate of population exceeds 2 \%, it may result in population explosion. Causes of population explosion are :

1. Improvement in medical science and control of epidemic diseases.
2. Improvement in agriculture, industry, transport and communication services.
3. Scope of employment in different sectors.
4. Women education and consciousness etc.

Question 5.
What are the causes of high birth rates in India ?
Answer:
The causes of high birth rates in India are:

1. Lack of education and culture.
2. Male dominated society does not entertain the women’s wish regarding bearing children.
3. Religious beliefs.
4. Improvement in medical science and control of infant mortality rates, infanticides etc.

Question 6.
What are the causes of reduction of death rates in India ?
Answer:
The causes of reduction of death rates in India are :

1. Improvement in medical science, availability of ICU, Ventilation, Oxygen Cylinders, Surgical treatments, etc.
2. Forecast of natural disasters like earthquakes, tsunamies, floods, droughts, etc.
3. Development of transport and communication system.
4. Availability of healthy and hygienic food.
5. Increase in family income, level of education and standard of living.

Question 7.
Mention the criteria set by the Census of India to designate a place as a town.
Answer:
The criteria set by the Census of India to designate a place as a town are :

1. Population of at least 5000 .
2. Population density of at least 400 persons per sq. km.
3. At least 75% of males must be engaged in non-agricultural occupations.
4. The administration will be conducted by Municipal boards, Corporation, Cantonment Board, Notified Area etc.

Question 8.
What are the main functions carried out by urban centres in India ?
Answer:
The urban centres of India mainly carry out the economic activities of secondary, tertiary, quanternary and quinary sectors. The various functions of these urban centres are :

1. Industrial activities
2. Service activities
3. Administrative activities
4. Jobs in different offices
5. Business and commerce
6. Educational and research works
7. Security and developmental services
8. Transport and communication services.

Answer in details : 5 Marks

Question 1.
Discuss the factors that influence distribution of population in India.
Answer:
The population of India is not equally distributed all over the country. The main factors that influence the regional distribution of population are :
◊ Relief : Plain land is more attractive for population rather than mountains or plateaus due to ease of economic activities like agriculture, industry, transport, etc.

◊ Climate : Regions having moderate or marine climate attract population much more rather than harsh and extreme climates. Eg.- Coastal plains of Kerala, Gangetic plains, etc.

◊ Soil : Agriculture depends on the quality of soil. Hence fertile regions attract more population rather than the infertile regions.

◊ Mineral resources and industry : Presence of mineral resources boosts the growth of industries. Availability of jobs attracts much population in these regions. Eg.- Chotanagpur plateau.

◊ Transport and Communication : Regions with good transport facilities and communication networks attract population for trade and commerce and other economic activities. Hence, population concentrates near big railway junctions, ports, transport bottle necks etc.

◊ Rivers : The river basins have always been the cradle of ancient civilisations. Availability of water for drinking, household, navigation, agriculture etc., formation of fertile alluvial soil, attracts population.

◊ Natural vegetation : Moderately forested regions attract population for economic activities like wood collection, wax, honey etc. Dense forests like equatorial rainforests as well as treeless regions like the Thar desert in Rajasthan, both repel population.

◊ Economic and political conditions : People concentrate in regions where there is economic and political stability rather than regions of disturbances.

◊ Others : Centres of religious (Mathura, Puri), historical (Agra), educational (Santiniketan), tourism (Darjeeling), interests etc. also attract population.

Question 2.
Discuss the causes of urbanization in India.
Answer:
The different causes of urbanization in India are:

1. Limited size of agricultural land : The limited size of agricultural land in India cannot provide employment to the whole rural population. Hence, unemployment, poverty and other problems push the rural population to the urban centres.
2. Change in thought : The mentality of rural people is also changing. They wish to settle in urban areas for educational facilities, trade, commerce, industrial jobs etc.
3. Free lifestyle : Urban life is much liberal and free from superstitions. Rural people thus tend to settle in urban areas.
4. Employment : Scope of employment is much higher and varied in urban areas. Hence, rural population is attracted towards urban areas.
5. Entertainment : Urban areas have much more scope for entertainment and relaxation. This attracts much rural population.

Question 3.
Discuss the problems of urbanization in India.
Answer:
The major problems faced due to urbanization in India are :
◊ Unplanned growth of urban areas : Rapid concentration of population in urban areas lead to unplanned and non-systematic growth of towns and cities.

◊ Accommodation : The rapidly growing population is difficult to house in the already existing urban areas. Hence, growth of slums and downtrodden areas occur in the fringes of towns and cities.

◊ Availability of water : The amount of water available is not sufficient for the rapidly growing population. Hence, scarcity of water occurs.

◊ Unemployment : A huge section of rural population comes to urban areas in search of work. But all of them do not get employment. Hence, the total percentage of unemployed population in urban areas increases.

◊ Sewage and garbage disposal : The volume of disposable solid and liquid wastes generated by the excess population is difficult to handle with the present sewage systems of urban areas. Thus waste dumping and water logging of drains are common, especially in slum areas.

◊ Insufficient transport, education, medical and other facilities : The available transport, education, medical and other facilities are not enough for the rapidly growing population.

◊ Pollution and environmental degradation : Overpopulation causes high rates of pollution and misuses and over-uses of resources cause environmental degradation.

Question 4.
What are the positive and negative effects of population growth on the economy of the country?
Answer:
Population growth exerts both positive and negative effects on the economy of the country.
Positive effects :

1. Increase in population increases the number of labours. Thus, extraction of resources and production capacity increases.
2. Demand for more and more labour increases with increasing rate of production.
3. Increase in size of population helps to increase the size of the market. Demand for utility as well as luxury goods increases.
4. Increase in production increases the national income of the country.
5. Increase in population leads to increase in productive population.
6. Increase in population makes the economy more dynamic.

Negative effects :

1. Increase in population may lead to a shortage of food. This may lead to malnutrition, famine and spread of diseases.
2. Increase in population tends to lower the rate of economic development.
3. Infant mortality rates may rise due to food shortage, famines etc.
4. Increase in population tends to lower the rates of savings and thus investments.
5. Rates of unemployment, underemployment etc. increase.
6. Rates of foreign loans increase.

Question 5.
How does the increase in population hamper sustainable development in India ?
Answer:
Increase in population at very high rates cause many hindrances in the sustainable development of a country’s economy. In India, the problems caused by high rates of population increase are :
◊ Exhaustion of fossil fuels : Increase in population leads to excessive use of fossil fuels, which is reducing their amount from the nature as well as causing pollution.

◊ Fast rates of Urbanisation : Urban centres are developing at a faster rate to house the growing population. This in turn is increasing social insecurity, crime and degradation of value system. Also, this increases the use of green house gases and causes global warming and environmental degradation along with climatic changes.

◊ Destruction of forests : Increase in population demands more food for survival. Hence, the forests are being destroyed to create more agricultural fields. Forests are also cleaned for establishment of industries.

◊ Social problems : Rapid increase in population leads to growth of slum areas, hampers the sewage system, causes insufficient arrangement of service, transport, communication, medical, water supply, education and employment facilities.

Question 6.
What steps should be taken for sustainable development in India ?
Answer:
The steps that must be taken for sustainable development in India are :
◊ Population control : Growth rate of population must be controlled with the help of knowledge, education, science and technology in order to maintain a parity between population and available resources.

◊ Proper utilisation of resources : Proper and rational utilisation of resources, use of renewable resources more than non-renewable resources, etc. must be promoted.

◊ Save the fund resources: Renewable and flow resources must be used more instead of non-renewable and fund resources in order to save them for future generations.

◊ Environmental Consciousness : The environmental degradation must be taken care of. New forests must be created by planting more and more trees. Soil erosion must be prevented. Pollutions of all levels must be controlled.

◊ Eradication of poverty : Scope of employment must be increased so that people can earn a proper living.

◊ Decentralisation policies : Industries and administrative functions must be decentralised and distributed over a large area. So that the in-migrating population of the cities can be distributed outwards properly.

Question 7.
Discuss the causes of rapid growth of population in India.
Answer:
The causes of rapid growth of population in India are:

1. High birth rates : The high birth rate of children in India (about 21.34% in 2001) leads to the increase in the absolute population.
2. Low death rates : Improvement in medical and social sciences have lowered the death rates considerably. Thus, the absolute population increases.
3. Migration : In-migration from the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, etc. increases the size of the population of India.
4. Marriage at a low age : Marriage at a low age increases the probability of more and more child birth.
5. Poverty : People believe that increase the number of family members will increase the number of earning members and hence help to eradicate poverty.
6. High infant mortality rates : High infant mortality rates especially in rural areas tend to lead to more child birth out of fear.
7. Joint family : Security and care of children in joint families lead to high rates of child birth.
8. Illiteracy : Illiteracy leads to superstitions and religious beliefs regarding child birth.
9. Wish for a male child : More and more chances are taken in child birth for the wish of a male child.
10. Govt. policies : In many cases, the govt. is reluctant regarding the high birth rates and have not framed proper policies necessary to control the growing population.

Question 8.
Classify India according to the distribution of population density over the country.
Answer:
India can be classified into five regions with respect to distribution of population density.
i. Very high density of population (over 1001 persons per sq. \mathbf{k m ) : The states under this category are – West Bengal, Bihar, Kerala, and Union Territories of Pondicherry, Chandigarh, Daman and Diu. Amongst them, West Bengal has the highest density of population. Presence of fertile lands for agriculture, scope of industrial development, transport and communication skills make the areas densely populated. The Union Territories are important administrative units.

ii. High density of population (601-1000 persons per sq. km) : The regions under this category are – Uttar Pradesh, Tamil nadu, Punjab, Haryana, Goa, Dadra, Nagar Haveli, etc. Amongst them, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh have the highest density of population.

iii. Medium density of population (401-600 persons per sq. km) : The regions under this category are – Assam, Tripura, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Gujarat, Odisha, etc. Jharkhand and Odishsa are rich in minerals. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka are good in agriculture. Assam is rich in tea cultivation and oil reserves.

iv. Low density of population (301-400 persons per sq. km) : Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Chattisgarh, Jammu and Kashmir, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttaranchal, etc belong to this category. Lack of plain lands, adverse climatic conditions, lack of fertile lands, lack of employment facilities make these regions less dense in population.

v. Very low density of population (less than 50 persons per sq. km ) : Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Andaman and Nicobar islands, etc. fall in this category. Rugged relief, infertile soil, lack of agriculture, adverse climate, dense forests, etc. make these regions so less populated.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)

Question 1.
Our population was 121.02 crore according to the census :
(A) 1971
(B) 1981
(C) 1991
(D) 2011
Answer:
(D) 2011

Question 2.
The state has the highest population… :
(A) Kerala
(B) Uttar Pradesh
(C) West Bengal
(D) Bihar
Answer:
(B) Uttar Pradesh

Question 3.
The life expectancy in India is :
(A) more in the case of males
(B) more in the case of females
(C) equal in the case of males and females
(D) not comparable in the case of males and females as it keeps changing
Answer:
(A) more in the case of males

Question 4.
What is the number of females per thousand males as per the census?
(A) 967
(B) 937
(C) 936
(D) 940
Answer:
(D) 940

Question 5.
Where is the sex ratio lowest ?
(A) Punjab
(B) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(C) Rajasthan
(D) Sikkim
Answer:
(B) Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Question 6.
Which among the following States supports the maximum percentage of tribal population?
(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Andhra Pradesh
(C) Sikkim
(D) Nagaland
Answer:
(D) Nagaland

Question 7.
The percentage of literates in India is :
(A) lower among males than females
(B) lower in urban areas than in rural
(C) higher among males
(D) is almost equal among males and females
Answer:
(C) higher among males

Question 8.
Which union territory has the highest literacy rate?
(A) Delhi
(B) Dadra and Nagar Haveli
(C) Chandigarh
(D) Pondicherry
Answer:
(C) Chandigarh

Question 9.
The lowest rate of literacy occurs in :
(A) Rajasthan
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(D) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer:
(D) Arunachal Pradesh

Question 10.
Put the following in correct descending order of density of population as per the 1981 census : (I) Bihar (II) West Bengal (III) Kerala (IV) Uttar Pradesh
(A) III, II, IV, I
(B) I, II, III, IV
(C) III, II, IV, I
(D) II, III, I, IV
Answer:
(B) I, II, III, IV

Question 11.
What is the reason for the higher percentage of female workers in rural areas compared to the towns and cities in India ?
(A) Rural females are uneducated
(B) There are more employment opportunities for females in rural areas than in towns
(C) Rural women are more educated and job- oriented
(D) Subsistence agriculture forces women to take to work
Answer:
(D) Subsistence agriculture forces women to take to work

Question 12.
Which city has the largest population?
(A) Greater Bombay
(B) Delhi
(C) Kolkata
(D) Madras
Answer:
(C) Kolkata

Question 13.
The percentage increase in population in the decade 2001-2011
(A) 25 %
(B) 24 %
(C) 23 %
(D) 17.64 %
Answer:
(D) 17.64 %

Question 14.
Which of the following States has more women than men ?
(A) Sikkim
(B) Kerala
(C) Maharashtra
(D) None
Answer:
(B) Kerala

Question 15.
One of the chief effects of urbanization in India is :
(A) overcrowding in cities
(B) more jobs available
(C) lower standard of living
(D) stagnant agriculture
Answer:
(A) overcrowding in cities

Question 16.
Among the following, the most urbanised community in India is :
(A) Muslim
(B) Hindu
(C) Parsi
(D) Gujarati
Answer:
(C) Parsi

Question 17.
In India, how is the trend of urbanization illustrated ?
(A) Urbanization of many villages
(B) Employment opportunities in cities increasing
(C) Cities increasing in size at the cost of small towns
(D) None of the above
Answer:
(C) Cities increasing in size at the cost of small towns

Question 18.
Which is India’s most urbanized State ?
(A) Kerala
(B) Maharashtra
(C) Punjab
(D) Karnataka
Answer:
(B) Maharashtra

Question 19.
Which of the following would you consider a reason for India having a high “dependency” ratio?
(A) High rate of population growth
(B) Number of old people is high
(C) Large portion of population (nearly 42 %) in the age group 0-14 years
(D) Manpower is less
Answer:
(C) Large portion of population (nearly 42 %) in the age group 0-14 years

Question 20.
How many towns have been listed according to the 1981 census ?
(A) About 4000
(B) About 3700
(C) About 3500
(D) About 4500
Answer:
(A) About 4000

Question 21.
Which of the following combination of rivers and cities situated on their banks is wrong?
(A) Lucknow – Gomti
(B) Ayodhya – Saryu
(C) Badrinath-Aloknanda
(D) Vijayawada – Narmada
Answer:
(D) Vijayawada – Narmada

Question 22.
The percentage of working population of India engaged in agriculture is about
(A) 80
(B) 70
(C) 60
(D) 50
Answer:
(B) 70

Question 23.
Population of India has grown rapidly after 1921, mainly because
(A) Death rate has declined steeply
(B) Birth rate has increased rapidly
(C) Indians have returned from Burma, Sri Lanka and other countries.
(D) The number of persons migrating from India has declined.
Answer:
(A) Death rate has declined steeply

Question 24.
In 2011 the average age in India is
(A) 68.89 %
(B) 65.63 %
(C) 72.36 %
(D) 70-48 %
Answer:
(A) 68.89 %

Question 25.
Sex-ratio in India was always in favour of :
(A) Males
(B) Females
(C) Both sexes
(D) None of these
Answer:
(A) Males

Question 26.
The first census for the whole of India was taken in
(A) 1872
(B) 1881
(C) 1890
(D) 1901
Answer:
(C) 1890

Question 27.
The largest number of working population in India are engaged in
(A) Agriculture
(B) Pasture
(C) Mining
(D) Industry
Answer:
(B) Pasture

Question 28.
The highest density of population is in
(A) Sikkim
(B) West Bengal
(C) Bihar
(D) Uttar Pradesh
Answer:
(C) Bihar

Question 29.
Density of population in Kerala per 8 q . km is
(A) 555
(B) 859
(C) 828
(D) 698
Answer:
(B) 859

Question 30.
Density of population in West Bengal per sq. km is
(A) 1029
(B) 1102
(C) 2013
(D) 2598
Answer:
(A) 1029

Question 31.
With respect to population, Lakshadweep comes under
(A) Very high density region
(B) High density region
(C) Medium density region
(D) Low density region
Answer:
(A) Very high density region

Question 32.
Which of the following states of India recorded the lowest density of population?
(A) Sikkim
(B) Nagaland
(C) Mizoram
(D) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer:
(D) Arunachal Pradesh

Question 33.
_______ recorded the highest density of population.
(A) West Bengal
(B) Bihar
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Assam
Answer:
(B) Bihar

Question 34.
The lowest population was recorded in
(A) Sikkim
(B) Arunachal Pradesh
(C) Tamil Nadu
(D) Nagaland
Answer:
(A) Sikkim

Question 35.
The most urbanised state of India is _______
(A) Kerala
(B) Punjab
(C) Maharashtra
(D) Karnataka
Answer:
(C) Maharashtra

Question 36.
In which state do women out-number men ?
(A) West Bengal
(B) Kerala
(C) Punjab
(D) Tamil Nadu
Answer:
(B) Kerala

Fill in the blanks : 1 Mark

1. The word ‘Census’ is of ________ origin.
2. The Union Territory of _________ has very low density of population.
3. The Union Territory of ________ is the most densely populated.
4. High ______ leads to rapid increase in population in India.
5. _______ in known as the Pink city of India.
6. The word ‘urban’ comes from the French word _______.
7. Presently the number of megacities in India is ________.
8. Density of population is the ratio between total population and ________ of a region.
9. Zero population growth occurs where birth rate and death rate are
10. The largest megacity of India is _________.
Answer:
1. Latin
2. Andaman & Nicobar Islands
3. Delhi
4. birth rate
5. Jaipur
6. Orbis
7. 53
8. Total area
9. Same
10. Mumbai

State True or False : 1 Mark

1. The economies of urban centres are non-agricultural. [ ]
2. Optimum population is seen in the developing countries. [ ]
3. India is an over-populated country. [ ]
4. Chennai is known as the gateway of India. [ ]
5. Mumbai is the largest business city of India. [ ]
6. Rate of child death is highest in Kerala. [ ]
7. An Urban centre with population more than 1 lakh is called a class I city. [ ]
8. India is a developing country. [ ]
9. About 25 % of India’s total population line in Urban centres. [ ]
10. Shantiniketan is a cultural town in West Bengal. [ ]
Answer:
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. False
10. True

Answer in few words : 1 Mark

Question 1.
Which organisation records the population of India ?
Answer:
The Census of India.

Question 2.
What is the total population of India ?
Answer:
1,21,05,69,573 according to 2011 census.

Question 3.
What is the decadal growth rate of population?
Answer:
17.7 % according to 2011 census.

Question 4.
What is the density of population of India ?
Answer:
382 persons per sq. km.

Question 5.
What is the sex ratio of India ?
Answer:
943 (females per 1000 males)

Question 6.
What is the average literacy rate in India ?
Answer:
73 %

Question 7.
Mention the literacy rate of males and females in India.
Answer:
Male – 80.9%, Female – 64.6%

Question 8.
What is the level of life expectancy in India ?
Answer:
65.96 years.

Question 9.
Which relief regions are usually most populated ?
Answer:
Plain lands.

Question 10.
Which regions are usually scarcely populated ?
Answer:
Deserts and rugged mountainous regions.

Question 11.
Which soil regions attract more population?
Answer:
Fertile alluvial soil regions.

Question 12.
Where did the civilisations first grow in ancient times?
Answer:
River basins.

Question 13.
Why do people concentrate around forests ?
Answer:
For economic activities like collection of wood, wax, honey etc.

Question 14.
Name some places that attract huge population due to religious factors.
Answer:
Mathura, Puri, Varanasi etc.

Question 15.
Name some places that attract huge population due to historic factors:
Answer:
Agra, Murshidabad.

Question 16.
Name some educational centres.
Answer:
Santiniketan, Aligarh, Nalanda etc.

Question 17.
Name some tourist centres that attract large population.
Answer:
Kashmir, Shimla, Nainital, Digha etc.

Question 18.
What is the process of increase of population by huge numbers called?
Answer:
Population explosion.