WBBSE Class 10 Geography Solutions Chapter 5.8 Industries in India

Detailed explanations in West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Book Solutions Chapter 5.8 Industries in India offer valuable context and analysis.

WBBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 5.8 Question Answer – Industries in India

Answer in short : 2 Marks

Question 1.
What is the importance of transport to industries ?
Answer:
Transport helps to carry raw materials, labour and other essential things from the source to the industry and also the finished products to the market.

Question 2.
What do you mean by ‘pure raw material’?
Answer:
Pure raw materials are those whose weight does not reduce in the process of production of finished goods. Eg. – 100 kg of raw cotton mill yield 100 kg of cotton clothe.

Question 3.
What do you mean by ‘impure raw materials’ ?
Answer:
Impure raw materials are those whose weight reduces considerably in the process of production of finished goods. Eg.- 100 kg of iron ore will not yield 100 kg of pure iron. It depends on the percentage of iron content of the ore.

Question 4.
Classify the different kinds of industries.
Answer:

• Agro-based
• Animal-based
• Forest-based
• Mineral-based
• Industrial raw material based.

Question 5.
What is Food Processing Industry?
Answer:
The industry where agro-based raw materials are used to produce easily usable, attractive and long-lasting food items, is called Food Processing Industry. Eg.Dairy, fruit juice, jams, potato chips, etc.

Question 6.
Where are most of the cotton textile mills concentrated in India ?
Answer:
Most of the cotton textile mills in India are concentrated in Maharashtra, Gujarat, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.

Question 7.
Name the important centres of cotton textile industry in Maharashtra.
Answer:
The important cotton textile centres of Maharashtra are – Solapur, Pune, Kolhapur, Satara, Wardha, Nagpur, Aurangabad, Amravati and Salgaon. But Mumbai is the most important centre with 63 mills of the total 122 mills of Maharashtra being located here.

Question 8.
Why is Ahmedabad called the Manchester of India ?
Answer:
Ahmedabad is the the largest centre of cotton textile industry in India. It alone houses 73 mills out of the 118 mills present in Gujarat. Thus, it is compared with the largest cotton textile centre of the world, and is called the Manchester of India’.

Question 9.
Name some important cotton textile centres of the south.
Answer:
Coimbatore (Manchester of the South), Chennai, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Salem, Perambur, Tuticorin, etc.

Question 10.
Why is paper industry called a forest-based industry ?
Answer:
The raw materials for paper industry come from coniferous trees, bamboos, sabai grass etc. which are all forest products. Thus the paper industry is called a forest-based industry.

Question 11.
Why is coal an essential raw material for the iron and steel industry?
Answer:
Coal is converted to coking coal, which is very essential for melting iron ore and extracting pure iron or pig iron. This iron is then further used to produce several things. Extraction of pure iron would be impossible without coal. Hence, coal is very essential for the iron and steel industry.

Question 12.
Write a short note on the iron and steel plant of Bhadravati.
Answer:
The Visveswaraya Iron and Steel Ltd. located at Bhadravati is the first steel plant developed outside the coal belt of eastern India. The plant was first started by using charcoal as a source of fuel. Now it is using hydro-power obtained from the Jog hydel power station. All raw materials (iron ore from Kemangundi, limestone from Bhandigudda, manganese from Shimoga) are available within a radius of 50 km from Bhadravati.

Question 13.
Write a short note on Salem Steel Plant.
Answer:
Salem steel plant started commerical production from March 1982. It is located very near to the iron ore fields of salem. The power comes from Neyveli Thermal Project. This plant is designed to produce stainless steel sheets and coils.

Question 14.
Name some important automobile companies of India.
Answer:

1. Hindustan Motors Ltd. in Uttarpara, West Bengal.
2. Premier Automobiles Ltd. in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
3. Standard Motor Products Ltd and Ashok Leyland Ltd. in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
4. Maruti Udyog Ltd. in Gurgaon, Haryana.
5. Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO) in Jamshedpur, Jhankhand.
6. Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

Question 15.
Where were steam locomotives manufactured in India in the preindependence period?
Answer:
In the pre-independence period, steam locomotives were assembled and partly manufactured in Ajmer and Kanchanpara.

Question 16.
Write a short note on Diesel Locomotive works at Varanasi.
Answer:
Diesel Locomotive Work (DLW) in Varanasi started assembling locomotives from imported components. The first locomotive coach was commissioned in January 1964. DLW now produces broad gauge and meter gauge diesel locos with the help of indigenous components.

Question 17.
Write a short note on TELCO.
Answer:
The Tata Engineering and Locomotive Works (TELCO) is a private sector unit and is located at Jamshedpur in Jharkhand. It was set up in 1951 for production of steam locomotives. But since 1970, the production of steam locomotives has been stopped and other locomotives are manufactured.

Question 18.
Name the regions where petro-chemical projects are being implemented in India.
Answer:
Some regions where petro-chemical projects are being implemented in India are :

1. Hazira, Jamnagar and Bharuch in Gujarat.
2. Chennai in Tamil Nadu.
3. Mangalore in Karnataka.
4. Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh,
5. Haldia in West Bengal.
6. Auraiya in Uttar Pradesh.

Question 19.
What do you mean by ‘Information Technology’?
Answer:
Information Technology is the application of computers and telecommunication equipments to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data in the context of a business or other enterprises.

Question 20.
In how many segments is the IT industry in India divided ?
Answer:
The IT industry in India is divided into 4 major segments :
(a) IT services
(b) Business process management
(c) Software products and engineering services
(d) Hardware.

Question 21.
What are ‘foot loose industries’?
Answer:
The industries which produce some volume of finished products as the raw materials used, can be located at the centres of raw materials, centres of production or at the market. These are called foot loose industries. Eg. – Cotton textile.

Question 22.
What are ‘Down stream industries’?
Answer:
The industries which use the finished products of big industries as their own raw materials are called ‘Down stream industries. Eg.- Synthetic fibre from petroleum.

Question 23.
What are ‘Acillary industries’ ?
Answer:
The industries which supply their finished products to support the growth of other related industries are called the ‘Ancillary Industries’. Eg. – Ancillary industries for the automobile industry are – tyre industry, battery industry, glass industry, etc.

Question 24.
What is an industrial region?
Answer:
A region where many types of industries grow beside each other due to facilities of raw materials, market, demand, labour supply, mutual interdependence, etc. is called an ‘industrial region’.

Question 25.
Name the largest and oldest iron and steel centres of India.
Answer:
(i) The largest iron and steel industry of India is in Bhilai, Chattisgarh.
(ii) The oldest iron and steel industry of India is in Burnpur-Kulti (IISCO) in West Bengal.

Question 26.
What is the impact of climate on cotton textile industry?
Answer:
Raw cotton can be easily spun into threads in moist climate. Dry climate makes the threads too dry and causes them to break. This produces clothes of inferior quality.

Question 27.
Which city of West Bengal is called the ‘Glassgow of India’?
Answer:
Howrah in West Bengal is called the ‘Glassgow of India’. Glassgow in Britain is the largest town and centre for numerous engineering centres in Scotland. Similarly, Howrah also houses the maximum number of engineering centres and other factories in West Bengal.

Question 28.
Name two centres in India manufacturing railway wagons.
Answer:
(i) Muzaffarpur of Bihar
(ii) Dumdum in West Bengal.

Question 29.
Why is the iron and steel industry called the backbone industry ?
Answer:
Iron and steel is such an important industry that all industries producing the smallest of items like safety pins to large items like railway engines require raw materials from them. Thus, it is called the backbone industry.

Question 30.
Why is Chennai known as the ‘Detroit of India’ ?
Answer:
Detroit in USA is the largest centre of manufacturing automobiles in the world. Similarly, Chennai produces about 35-40% of the automobiles produced in India. Thus, Chennai is called the ‘Detroit of India’.

Answer in brief : 3 Marks

Question 1.
Name the centres where cotton mills have developed in the Northern Zone.
Answer:
The major centres where cotton mills have developed in the Northern zone are :

1. Uttar Pradesh – Kanpur, Lucknow, Aligarh, Agra, Bareilly, Meerut.
2. Punjab – Amritsar, Ludhiana, Phagwara.
3. Haryana – Bhiwani, Hissar, Rohtak.
4. Rajasthan – Pali, Hilwara, Udaipur, Jaipur, Ajmer.
5. Delhi

Question 2.
Write a short note on the growth of paper industry in India.
Answer:
The first Paper mill was established in 1840 in Serampore, Hooghly, by Willam Carry, but unfortunately it was closed down. The modern paper mill was first established in Bally, Howrah. Presently there are 379 paper mills in India. Production capacity is 60.20 lakh tonnes (2004). Newsprint, which is mainly used for printing of newspaper is produced about 12.40 lakh tonnes.

Question 3.
Write a short note on Chittaranjan Locomotive works (CLW).
Answer:
The Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) was established in Chittaranjan in Burdwan district of West Bengal in 1948. The extensive level of land with hard soil of Chittaranjan area is a most suitable site for the erection of the plant. Steam locomotives were manufactured here initially. But since 1972, the production of steam locomotives has been discontinued and their place has been given to electric locomotives.

Question 4.
What are the factors that influence the location of chittaranjan Locomotive Work?
Answer:
The factors that influence location of Chittaranjan Locomotive Works are :

1. Availability of steel from nearby steel plants.
2. Availability of hydel power from Mython and thermal power from Durgapur.
3. Cheap local labour.
4. Location of Chittaranjan near rail junctions.

Question 5.
What do you mean by Petro-chemical industry?
Answer:
Petro-chemicals are essentially the chemicals and compounds derived from petroleum resources. The industry which deals with such chemicals and compounds is called Petro-chemical industry. These chemicals are used in a wide range of articles, such as, synthetic fibres, plastic, famous and non-famous metals, synthetic rubber, dye-stuffs, insecticides, drugs, synthetic detergents, pharmaceuticals, etc.

Question 6.
Write about IT industry in India.
Answer:
India is the world’s largest sourcing destination for the IT industry. The industry employs about 10 million Indians and contributes significantly to the social and economic transformation of the country. It energises the higher education sector, especially in engineering and computer science. The Indian IT industry is divided into 4 major segments – (a) IT services (b) Business process management (c) Software products and engineering services (d) Hardware. Indian IT’s core competencies and strengths have placed it on the international canvas, attracting investments from major countries. Eg. – the software and hardware industry attracted 13,788.56 million between April 2000 and December 2014.

Question 7.
Discuss the causes of growth of paper industry in India.
Answer:
The causes of growth of paper industry in India are :

1. Availability of raw materials from forest (Eg.- coniferous trees, bamboo, sabai grass)
2. Availability of other materials needed for the industry, Eg.- chemicals, dyes, bleaches, etc.
3. Availability of ample water.
4. Availability of hydal power as well as thermal power to run the plants.
5. Cheap and ample labour.
6. Demand for newsprint, books and copies by the huge population.

Question 8.
Classify raw materials according to their sources.
Answer:
Raw materials can be classified according to their sources as :

1. Agro-based : These are the raw materials that come from agriculture. Eg.- tea, jute, sugarcane, cotton etc.
2. Mineral-based : These are raw materials that come from minerals excavated from the earth. Eg. – coal, iron ore, bauxite etc.
3. Forest-based : These are raw materials that come from forests. Eg. – wood for paper industry, rubber latex, pulp for matchstick, cardboard industry etc.
4. Animal-based : These are raw materials that come from animals. Eg.- wool, fur, skin, meat for food processing industries, hooves and horns etc.

Question 9.
Name the major iron and steel centres of India.
Answer:

Centre	Region	State
i. TISCO	Jamshedpur	Jharkhand
ii. Rourkela Steel Plant	Rourkela	Odisha
iii. Daitari Steel Plant	Daitari	Odisha
iv. Hindustan Steel limited	Durgapur	West Bengal
v. IISCO	Kulti-Burnpur	West Bengal
vi. Bhilai	Durg district	Chattisgarh
vii. Visakhapatnam Steel Project	Visakhapatnam	Andhra Pradesh
viii. Vijaynagar Steel Plant	Hospet	Karnataka
ix. Salem Steel Plant	Salem	Tamil Nadu

Question 10.
What are the causes of growth of the Iron and Steel centre at Bhilai?
Answer:
The iron and steel centre at Bhilai was established in 1960 with Russian collaboration. The advantages which supported the growth of this centre are :

1. Iron ore comes from Dalli Rajhara only 100 km away.
2. Coal comes from Kobra mines 225 km away. Some high quality coal also comes from Jharia 750 km away.
3. Manganese comes from Balaghat and Bhandara 200 km away.
4. The nearby reservoir of Tendula supplies the requisite water.
5. Power comes from Korba region.
6. The Visag port is situated 450 km away.

Question 11.
Discuss the causes of development of the Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) at Jamshedpur.
Answer:
The Tata Iron and Steel Company was set up in Jamshedpur by Jamshedji Tata in 1911. The causes for its development are :

1. Iron ore comes from the mines of Gurumahisani, Badampahar, Sulaipat, Bonai and Keonjhar of Odisha and from Noamundi, Guwa, Pansiburu, Budaburu of Singhbhum district of Odisha only 75-100 km away.
2. Coal comes from Jharia and Korba mines 200 km away.
3. Manganese comes from West Singhbhum, Keonjhar and Bonai.
4. Limestone and dolomite comes from Gangpur and Birmitrapur.
5. Water is acquired from Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers.
6. The Kolkata port is only 250 km away.

Question 12.
Why is Durgapur of West Bengal known as the ‘Ruhr of India’ ?
Answer:
The Ruhr region of Germany is famous for housing a huge number of iron and steel industries based on the iron ore and coal found nearby. Similarly, in Durgapur of West Bengal, numerous iron and steel centres have come up based on coal mines of Jharia, Raniganj, Asansol nearby. Thus, it is known as the ‘Ruhr of India’.

Question 13.
List the importances of petro-chemical industry.
Answer:
The importances of petro-chemical industry are :

1. This industry uses the petroleum to the fullest to manufacture several things. Thus, the cost of production becomes less.
2. Ancillary industries and downstream industries also grow along with petro-chemical industries. e.g. – synthetic fibre, plastic, polymer etc.
3. It is based on high skill and technological know-how. Hence, development of the industry is fast.
4. It is based on advanced researches and have scope for further researches.
5. It plays an important role in the economic development of a country.
6. It helps in creating more and more resources.

Answer in details : 5 Marks

Question 1.
Discuss the factors that influence the location of any industry.
Answer:
The factors that influence the location of any industry are :

1. Raw materials : All industries need raw materials to begin their production. Nature of raw materials influences the location of the industry. Eg.- Iron and Steel plants are set up in regions near iron and coal mines.
2. Transport : Raw materials need to be transported to factories and finished products to markets.
3. Market : Location of a market influences location of an industry, as all finished goods need to be reached to the market for business and commerce.
4. Labour : No industry can run without labour. A location for the industry is chosen where labour will be available at cheap rates.
5. Capital : Industries tend to grow where rich people concentrate, and investors are eager to invest.
6. Water : Water is essential for all industries. Eg.- Availability of water guides location of jute industries.
7. Power or electricity : No industry can run without power or electricity. Thus, a location is chosen where power can be easily reached.
8. Others : The other factors which influence the location of industries are – climate, environmental conditions, relief, govemment rules and regulations, etc.

Question 2.
Discuss the factors of localisation of cotton textile mills in Western India.
Answer:
The factors that influence the localisation of cotton textile mills in Wesern India are :

1. Raw material (i.e. cotton) available from the black soil region of Western and Central India.
2. Hot humid climate helps in growth of cotton and making of threads.
3. Presence of ports at Mumbai, Kandla, Surat, etc. helps in international trade.
4. Availability of hydel power from Ukai, Veera, etc., thermal power from Dhubran, atomic power from Kakrapara,Tarapore, etc.
5. Good network of railways and roadways connecting all important centres of the country.
6. Availability of capital from business communities residing in the western part of India.
7. Ample labour at cheap rates.
8. High demand of cotton products in local and foreign markets.

Question 3.
Why are iron and steel industries concentrated in eastern India ?
Answer:
Most of the iron and steel plants of India, such as Jamshedpur, Burnpur, Durgapur, Rourkela, Bhilai and Bokaro are located in Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha and Chattisgarh. The causes for the concentration of iron and steel plants in eastern India are :
i. Iron ore : About 80 % of India’s iron ore is available in this region. The major mines are – (a) Noamundi, Guwa, Budaburu, Pansiraburu of Singhbhum district, Jharkhand. (b) Gurumahisani, Badampahar, Sulaipat and Bonai of Mayurbhanj district and Bagiyaburu of Keonjhar district, Odisha.

ii. Coal : About 97% of India’s coal is mined in this region. The steel plants of Kulti, Burnpur, and Durgapur get their coal from the mines in Raniganj and Asansol. The steel plants of Jamshedpur, Bokaro and Rourkela get their coal from Jharia, Bokaro, Ramgarh and Giridih in Jharkhand.

iii. Other raw materials : Limestone, dolomite, manganese, etc. are collected from Kalahandi, Gangpur and Karaput of Odisha. Other raw materials like chromium, tungsten, nickel, etc. are easily collected from Chotanagpur plateau.

iv. Water : The rivers Damodar, Mahanadi, Subarnarekha, etc. supply ample water required in the steel plants.

v. Transport : The network of roadways and railways in eastern India help in trade and commerce. The ports at Kolkata, Haldia and Paradweep help in international trade.

vi. Power Supply : Thermal power is acquired from Bokaro and Durgapur thermal power plants. Hydel power is acquired from power projects at Hirakud, Mythan, Panchet and Tilaiya.

vii. Labour : Cheap and skilled labour are easily available from West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha and Bihar.

viii. Market : Iron and steel from eastern India meets the demands of eastern, central and northern India, as well as foreign countries.

Question 4.
Discuss about the Petro-chemical industry of India.
Answer:
Petro-chemical industry derives its raw materials essentially from petroleum, along with other chemicals. It is required for the production of a wide variety of items like synthetic fibres, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, dye, paints, insecticides, drugs, pharmaceuticals, etc.

The first petro-chemical complex was established by Union Carbide India Ltd’ at Trombay in 1966. ‘National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd’ was set up in Thane in 1968. The Udex Plant at Kayali Refinery for the production of benzene and toluene was commissioned in 1969. The Indian Petro-Chemical Corporation Ltd, was the first public sector enterprise incorporated in March, 1969. The IPCL’s mega petrochemical complex at vadodara was commissioned in 1973. In Gujarat, Jamnagar is the largest private petro-chemical industry. Petrofils Corporation Ltd (PCL) is a joint sector company of the Government of India and Weaver’s Co-operative societies. It manufactures polyester filament yarn and nylon filament yarn. The Bongaigaon Petro-Chemicals Ltd. is set up at Bongaigaon adjacent to the oil refinery.

These are only a few of the petro-chemical plants established in India. The growing demand of petro-chemical products in daily life has led the government to sanction several mega petro-chemical complexes in public and private sectors. As a result, petro-chemical projects are being implemented in Hazira, Jamnagar and Bharuch in Gujarat, Chennai in Tamil Nadu, Mangalore in Karnataka, Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh, Haldia in West Bengal and Auraiya in Uttar Pradesh.

The petro-chemical industry contributes 14% of the production of the entire manufacturing sector. It also shares 14 % of the total export volume of India.

Question 5.
Discuss the problems, solutions and prospects of cotton textile industry in India.
Answer:
The problems of cotton textile industry in India are :

1. Lack of best quality long staple cotton.
2. Old and obsolete machineries.
3. High cost of production due to lack of modernisation.
4. Huge number of sick and closed mills.
5. Competition with artificial fibre.
6. Competition in the international market.
7. Labour disputes and problems with the management.
8. Irregular power supply etc.

The solutions taken up for solving these problems are:

i. The ‘National Cotton Textile Corporation’ and the ‘Cotton Textile Export Development Organisation’ has been built to look after the different issues in cotton textile industry.
ii. New machines and better infrastructure are being used to replace the old. The prospects of cotton textile industry in India are –

1. There is a huge internal market for cotton textile in India itself due to the huge population.
2. Demand for cotton textile is always high, as India is basically a warm country.
3. There is a good demand of Indian cotton textile in the world.
4. The international market can be increased yet more by improving on the quality of cotton textile even more.

Question 6.
Why has the petro-chemical industry developed on the western side of India?
Answer:
The causes of development of petro-chemical industry in western India are :

1. The western part of India has many oil reserves. The requisite crude oil comes from the mines in Bombay High Basin, Aliabet, Ankleshwar, Cambay, Kallol, etc.
2. The crude oil can be easily processed in the refineries of Koyali, Jamnagar etc.
3. Many ports are present on the western coast of India, which helps in import of more crude oil and export of finished petro-chemical products.
4. The rich communities residing in the nearby areas invest in the industries built there.
5. There is high demand of petro-chemical products in Western India.

Question 7.
What are the problems of petro-chemical industry in India ?
Answer:
The problems of petro-chemical industry in India are :

1. Petroleum mines in India are not sufficient to meet the demands in the country. About 60% of crude oil has to be imported from other countries.
2. The cost of petro-chemical products is increasing rapidly.
3. Lack of multiple use of petroleum products due to lack of technological know how.
4. Lack of enough capital restricts the development of the industry.
5. The geneal population of India does not possess buying capacities to use petrochemical products of high qualities.
6. Petro-chemical industry causes much air pollution.
7. The products are not biodegradable, hence cause, pollutions in all levels of the environment after discarding.
8. Lack of research work to find out other uses and cheap methods of manufacturing petro-chemical products.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) 1 Mark

Question 1.
The largest steel plant of the country is :
(A) Bhilai
(B) Bokaro
(C) Rourkela
(D) Durgapur
Answer:
(A) Bhilai

Question 2.
The Bhadravati Steel Plant is the only plant which is managed by a State Government. Which is that State Govt.?
(A) Tamil Nadu
(B) Odisha
(C) Andhra Pradesh
(D) Karnataka
Answer:
(D) Karnataka

Question 3.
The first shore-based integrated steel project in India is coming up at-
(A) Ernakulam
(B) Tuticorin
(C) Visakhapatnam
(D) Mangalore
Answer:
(C) Visakhapatnam

Question 4.
Which of the following is wrongly matched about steel plants and country of collaboration/assistance?
(A) Rourkela (Odisha) – West Germany
(B) Durgapur (West Bengal) – United Kingdom
(C) Bokaro (Bihar) – U.S.S.R.
(D) Bhilai (M.P.) – United Kingdom
Answer:
(D) Bhilai (M.P.) – United Kingdom

Question 5.
Which of the following iron and steel plants get coking coal from Jharia?
(A) Bokaro and Burnpur
(B) Durgapur and Jamshedpur
(C) Bhilai and Rourkela
(D) All of them
Answer:
(D) All of them

Question 6.
Where is the Ambassador car manufactured ?
(A) Mahindra and Mahindra (Pune)
(B) Premier Automobiles (Bombay)
(C) Standard Motors (Madras)
(D) Hind Motors (Calcutta)
Answer:
(D) Hind Motors (Calcutta)

Question 7.
India is the world’s largest sugarcane producer, but second to Cuba in sugar production because
(A) nearly half the sugarcane in India is used to produce ‘gur’ and uncrystallised brown sugar.
(B) Indian sugarcane has a lower sucrose content than that from Cuba.
(C) The sugar refining method is not good in India.
(D) There is less demand for white sugar in India.
Answer:
(A) nearly half the sugarcane in India is used to produce ‘gur’ and uncrystallised brown sugar.

Question 8.
Which industry provides jobs to the maximum number of people?
(A) Iron and steel
(B) Cotton textiles
(C) Sugar industry
(D) Tea processing
Answer:
(B) Cotton textiles

Question 9.
Heavy engineering industries are located in :
(A) Jamshedpur-Asansol
(B) Bombay-Pune
(C) Kanpur and Lucknow
(D) Bangalore and Madras
Answer:
(A) Jamshedpur-Asansol

Question 10.
Which of the following steel plants was started with Russian collaboration?
(A) Bhilai
(B) Durgapur
(C) Rourkela
(D) Bhadravati
Answer:
(A) Bhilai

Question 11.
Tata Iron and Steel Company is located at :
(A) Calcutta
(B) Jamshedpur
(C) Bumpur
(D) Kulti
Answer:
(B) Jamshedpur

Question 12.
Bombay is famous for:
(A) Sugar Industry
(B) Plastic Industry
(C) Cotton Textile Industry
(D) Heavy Electrical industry
Answer:
(C) Cotton Textile Industry

Question 13.
Bhilai is associated with :
(A) Cotton Industry
(B) Silk Industry
(C) Iron and Steel Industry
(D) Sugar Industry
Answer:
(C) Iron and Steel Industry

Question 14.
Bokaro is located in :
(A) Maharashtra
(B) West Bengal
(C) Odisha
(D) Jharkhand
Answer:
(D) Jharkhand

Question 15.
Which of the following cities is called the Manchester of India :
(A) Ahmedabad
(B) Coimbatore
(C) Sholapur
(D) Kanpur
Answer:
(A) Ahmedabad

Question 16.
The first cotton mill in India was started at :
(A) Mysore
(B) Kolkata
(C) Madras
(D) Bombay
Answer:
(B) Kolkata

Question 17.
The first H.M.T. factory was started at :
(A) Pinjore
(B) Hyderabad
(C) Madras
(D) Bangalore
Answer:
(D) Bangalore

Question 18.
Iron and steel products is obtained mainly from public sector plants, because :
(A) Huge capital investment is needed
(B) Private sector plant is not making profit
(C) It is the policy of the Government to have basic industries in public sector
(D) Production involves foreign collaboration
Answer:
(C) It is the policy of the Government to have basic industries in public sector

Question 19.
The latest plant producing stainless steel is located at :
(A) Visakhapatnam
(B) Salem
(C) Hospet
(D) Bokaro
Answer:
(B) Salem

Question 20.
Capacity for building large ships is at :
(A) Visakhapatnam
(B) Cochin
(C) Kolkata
(D) Goa
Answer:
(C) Kolkata

Question 21.
Daitari is known for its :
(A) Silk industry
(B) Textile industry
(C) Steel plant
(D) Jute industry
Answer:
(C) Steel plant

Question 22.
Salem steel plant is located in :
(A) A. P.
(B) Tamil Nadu
(C) Karnataka
(D) Kerala
Answer:
(B) Tamil Nadu

Question 23.
The leading state in sugar production in India is:
(A) U.P.
(B) Bihar
(C) Maharashtra
(D) Tamil Nadu
Answer:
(A) U.P.

Question 24.
Motorcycles are produced at:
(A) Faridabad
(B) Ballabhgarh
(C) Bombay
(D) Bangalore
Answer:
(A) Faridabad

Question 25.
Automobiles are produced at :
(A) Kolkata
(B) Jamshedpur
(C) Ahmedabad
(D) Hyderabad
Answer:
(A) Kolkata

Question 26.
Bangalore is famous for :
(A) Iron and Steel Industry
(B) Aluminum industry
(C) Aircraft industry
(D) Copper industry
Answer:
(C) Aircraft industry

Question 27.
The Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. is famous for :
(A) Engineering industry
(B) Chemical industry
(C) Automobile industry
(D) Chemical fertilizer industry
Answer:
(A) Engineering industry

Question 28.
The main exporters of superfine clothe are :
(A) Sholapur and Coimbatore
(B) Bombay and Ahmedabad
(C) Madras and Calcutta
(D) Bangalore and Mysore
Answer:
(C) Madras and Calcutta

Question 29.
The percentage of mill produced clothe to be exported from India is :
(A) 15 per cent
(B) 10 per cent
(C) 12 per cent
(D) 8 per cent
Answer:
(B) 10 per cent

Question 30.
Diesel locomotives are manufactured at :
(A) Varanasi
(B) Gorakhpur
(C) Jamshedpur
(D) Barauni
Answer:
(A) Varanasi

Question 31.
Railway coaches are produced at :
(A) Perambur
(B) Kottayam
(C) Vellore
(D) Trichur
ANswer:
(A) Perambur

Question 32.
Ships are built in :
(A) Visakhapatnam
(B) Madras
(C) Calicut
(D) Goa
Answer:
(A) Visakhapatnam

Question 33.
In which state in India are the maximum number of cotton yarn and textile mills located?
(A) A. P.
(B) Gujarat
(C) Maharashtra
(D) Tamil Nadu
Answer:
(D) Tamil Nadu

Question 34.
India’s first sponge iron plate is at :
(A) Kothagudam*
(B) Kurnool
(C) Cudappah
(D) Kavaratti
[Kothagudam is in Andhra Pradesh. The sponge iron will act as a substitute for steel scrap and be used as feedstock for electric arc steel making.]
Answer:
(A) Kothagudam*

Question 35.
The main problem faced by manufacturing industries in India is the shortage of :
(A) Raw materials
(B) Market
(C) Power
(D) Labour
Answer:
(C) Power

Question 36.
Telephone cables are manufactured at :
(A) Patiala
(B) Madras
(C) Calcutta
(D) Asansol
Answer:
(D) Asansol

Question 37.
The main centre of chemical industry is :
(A) Bombay
(B) Calcutta
(C) Hyderabad
(D) Madras
Answer:
(A) Bombay

Question 38.
Transport aircrafts are produced at :
(A) Bangalore
(B) Hyderabad
(C) Kanpur
(D) Nasik
Answer:
(C) Kanpur

Question 39.
Aero-engines are produced at :
(A) Nasik
(B) Pune
(C) Koraput
(D) Mangalore
Answer:
(C) Koraput

Question 40.
Nasik produces :
(A) Air frames
(B) Aircraft wheels
(C) Electronic equipments
(D) Chemical goods
Answer:
(C) Electronic equipments

Question 41.
The first plant for heavy electrical engineering was started at :
(A) Bhopal
(B) Hyderabad
(C) Haridwar
(D) Nasik
Answer:
(A) Bhopal

Question 42.
Other heavy electrical engineering plants are located at :
(A) Hyderabad and Ranipur
(B) Nasik and Pune
(C) Lucknow and Bhubaneswar
(D) Durgapur and Asansol
Answer:
(A) Hyderabad and Ranipur

Fill in the blanks : 1 Mark

1. The Maruti Udyog Limited is located at ________.
2. In India, the first synthetic rubber factory was started at ________.
3. The _________ river provides water to the Tata Iron and Steel Company, Jamshedpur.
4. The army trucks-Shaktimaan and Nissan are manufactured at________.
5. _______ is the first Iron and Steel industry in India.
6. Scooters are manufactured with Japanese collaboration at ________.
7. _______ state is a leading producer of woolen textile.
Answer:
1. Gurgaon
2. Bareilly
3. Subarnarekha
4. Jabalpur
5. Bengal iron works
6. Pithampur
7. Punjab

State True or False : 1 Mark

1. Durgapur is the largest producer of Alloy steel in India. [ ]
2. Cotton textile industry is known as the root of all industries. [ ]
3. Ahmedabad is known as the ‘Manchester of South India’. [ ]
4. The Gardenreach Ship Builders is the only ship-building yard in West Bengal. [ ]
5. Haora is known as the ‘Detroit of India’. [ ]
6. Chennai is known as the ‘Silicon valley of India’. [ ]
7. Durgapur is known as the ‘Ruhr of India’. [ ]
8. The chief raw material of the petrochemical industry is naptha. [ ]
9. Cotton is a pure raw material. [ ]
10. The largest petrochemical industry is located at Haldia. [ ]
Answer:
1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. True
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. True
10. False

Answer in few words : 1 Mark

Question 1.
What is the most important factor for setting up an industry ?
Answer:
Availability of raw materials.

Question 2.
What are agro-based industries?
Answer:
Industries that collect their raw materials from agricultural products directly or indirectly. Eg-Sugar industry.

Question 3.
What are animal-based industries?
Answer:
Industries that collect their raw materials from animals. Eg.- Dairy industry, Lather industry.

Question 4.
What are forest-based industries ?
Answer:
Industries that collect their raw materials from forests. Eg.- Furniture, paper industry.

Question 5.
What are mineral-based industries?
Answer:
Industries that collect their raw materials from minerals mined in different regions. Eg.- Iron \& Steel industry.

Question 6.
What are industries dealing with preparing food items called ?
Answer:
Food processing industry. Eg. – Potato chips, tinned chicken items, etc.

Question 7.
What kinds of an industry is rice mills ?
Answer:
Agro-based and food-processing industry.

Question 8.
What kind of industry does preparation of soft drinks belong to ?
Answer:
Food processing.

Question 9.
Where was the first modern cotton mill set up in India ?
Answer:
Ghushuri (Fort Gloster) in Howrah.

Question 10.
How are cotton mills classified?
Answer:
Handloom and power loom.

Question 11.
Which state is the largest producer of cotton in India ?
Answer:
Maharashtra.

Question 12.
Which city is called the ‘Manchester of India’?
Answer:
Ahmedabad in Gujarat.

Question 13.
Which city is called the ‘Manchester of the south’ ?
Answer:
Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu.

Question 14.
Name the states in the eastern zone where cotton textile mills are concentrated.
Answer:
West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha, Bihar.

Question 15.
Name some animal-based industries.
Answer:
Meat processing, milk and milk products, fast food, fish and other sea food etc.

Question 16.
Name a forest-based industry.
Answer:
Paper industry.

Question 17.
Where was the first paper mill established in India ?
Answer:
Serampore in Hooghly, West Bengal.

Question 18.
How many paper mills are there in present India ?
Answer:
379 paper mills.

Question 19.
Where was the first iron and steel plant set up in India ?
Answer:
Kulti in West Bengal (1864).

Question 20.
Where was the first integrated iron and steel plant set up in India ?
Answer:
Jamshedpur (1907).

Question 21.
Where is the Bhadravati iron and steel plant located?
Answer:
Karnataka.

Question 22.
Name some major iron ore mines of Jharkhand.
Answer:
Noamundi, Guwa, Budaburu, Pansiraburu.

Question 23.
Name some major coal mines in Jharkhand.
Answer:
Jharia, Bokaro, Ramgarh, Giridih.

Question 24.
Name some important limestone mines.
Answer:
Kalahandi, Gangpur, Koraput in Odisha.

Question 25.
Where does the Bhadravati steel plant acquire its hydel power from ?
Answer:
Jog hydel power station.

Question 26.
Where is the Hindustan Motors Ltd. located ?
Answer:
Uttarpara, West Bengal.

Question 27.
Where is the Maruti Udyog Ltd. located ?
Answer:
Gurgaon in Haryana.

Question 28.
What is chittaranjan (WB) famous for ?
Answer:
Locomotive factory.

Question 29.
Where is ‘Diesel Locomotive works (DLW) located?
Answer:
Varanasi.

Question 30.
What is TELCO ?
Answer:
Tata Engineering and Locomotive Works, located at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand.

Question 31.
Which industry uses Naptha as an essential raw material ?
Answer:
Petro-chemical.

Question 32.
Where is the longest private petro-chemical industry located ?
Answer:
Jamnagar in Gujarat.

Question 33.
Name some industries associated with Information Technology.
Answer:
Computer hardware, software, electronics, semi-conductors, internet, telecom equipments, etc.

Question 34.
Name some renowned IT companies.
Answer:
Cognizant, Dell, HCL, IBM, TCS, etc.

Question 35.
Which place is known as the Silicon Valley of India ?
Answer:
Bangalore.