WBBSE Class 7 Geography Solutions Chapter 9 Continent of Asia

Detailed explanations in West Bengal Board Class 7 Geography Book Solutions Chapter 9 Continent of Asia offer valuable context and analysis.

WBBSE Class 7 Geography Chapter 9 Question Answer – Continent of Asia

Write the correct names : (Page no. 85)

Mountain ranges converging at the Pamir Knot and the Armenian knot

(Page no. 86)

Name of the Plateau	Belong to Countries
Arabian Plateau	Arab
Decan Plateau	India
Indo China Plateau	Mayanmar, Thailand

(Page no. 89)

Answer the following quistions with the help of the map :

Question 1.
In which direction does the Ob, Yenesi and Lena rivers are flowing ?
Answer:
The rivers are flowing from south to north.

Question 2.
Which one is the longest among the north flowing rivers ?
Answer:
Yenesi is the longest among the north flowing rivers.

Question 3.
Why are north flowing rivers flood prone?
Answer:
The north flowing rivers are in frizid zone. Therefore the mouths of the rivers remain always snow covered throughout the year. The mouth of the rivers remains chocked, since the rivers are flood prone.

Answer the following : (Page no. 90)

Question 1.
Which of the South flowing rivers of Asia originates near Manas Sarobar of Tibet and falls in Bay of bengal ?
Answer:
The river Bramhaputra of Asia being originated near Manas Sarobar and falls in Bay of Bengal. Indus also being originated from Manas Sarobar and falls in Bay of Bengal

Question 2.
Which is the longest south flowing river of Asia ? What is the length of the river ?
Answer:
The longest South flowing river of Asia is Mekong. Its lengts is 4,350 km

Can you say.

Question 1.
Which river of Asia is known as ‘The River of Golden Sands’?
Answer:
The river Yangtze-Kiang is known as ‘The River of Golden Sands’.

Question 2.
Name two east flowing rivers of Asia which empty into China sea.
Answer:
The two east flowing rivers of Asia which empty into China sea are Yangtse and SiKiang.

Question 3.
Which river of Asia is known as the ‘Yellow river’?
Answer:
The river Huang He is known as the Yellow river.

Question 4.
Which is the longest river of Asia?
Answer:
The Yangtze river is the longest river in Asia.

Tell me : (Page no. 97)

Question 1.
What are the causes behind the development of Kihin or Tokyo Yokohoma industrial region as one of the best and most significant industrial regions of the world?
Answer:

1. The ports of Kihin industrial region communicate with other ports of the world.
2. The ports are famous for import and export.
3. Yokohoma port acts as the external port.
4. The town planning is very good of the city.
5. The city has successfully controlled and prevent industrial pollution.
6. The agriculture has been pain equal importance with industry.
7. This city has been recognised as ecofriendly city by Japan government.
8. The waste treatment has been done here properly.
9. The barren lands are being restored. For this reason Kihin industrial centre is known as the best industrial centre.

Question 2.
What are the problems faced by an industrial region?
Answer:
The problems of industrial region :-

1. High density of population in industrial centre can creat problems.
2. The lack of development in transport system put a bar for industrial development.
3. Lack of lands.
4. Industrial development can cause environment pollution.
5. Lack of modern mechinery reduces the production.
6. Lack of sufficient capital.

Question 3.
How can the problems of an industrial region be solved ?
Answer:
To solve the problems of an industrial region :

1. Transport system must be developed.
2. It must be setablished in a vast area.
3. Guaranteed supply of capital is required.
4. Modern machinery must be used.
5. Environment pollution must be controlled.

Class 7 Geography Chapter 9 Question Answer West Bengal Board – Soil Pollution

Multiple Choice Questions & Answers : (1 mark for each question)

Question 1.
The second largest city and largest port of Japan-
i) Yokohama
ii) Tokyo
iii) Kawasaki
iv) Chiba
Answer:
i) Yokohama

Question 2.
The largest industrial and trase centre of Japan-
i) Yokohama
ii) Tokyo
ii) Kawasaki
iv) Chiba
Answer:
ii) Tokyo

Question 3.
The population of South-West Asia is-
i) high
ii) medium
iii) very high
iv) low
Answer:
iv) low

Question 4.
Sanghai is known as-
i) Rice Bowl of China
ii) Granary of China
iii) Manchester of China
Answer:
iii) Manchester of China

Question 5.
The mouth of Indus river is-
i) Arabian Sea
ii) Bay of bengal
iii) South China Sea
iv) Persian gulf
Answer:
i) Arabian Sea

Question 6.
Decan Plateau belong to-
i) Arab
ii) Mayanmar
iii) Thailand
iv) India
Answer:
iv) India

Question 7.
Main feature of Siberian climate-
i) average summer temperature 30° C
ii) 7-8 months summer
iii) 7-8 months snowfall
Answer:
iii) 7-8 months snowfall

Question 8.
A mountain range extended from Pamir knot-
i) Jagros mountain
ii) Pontic mountain
iii) Elburge mountain
iv) Altintag mountain
Answer:
iv) Altintag mountain

Question 9.
A mountain range extended from Armenian knot-
i) Himalaya mountain
ii) Pontic mountain
iii) Altintag mountain
iv) Suleman mountain
Answer:
ii) Pontic mountain

Question 10.
The source of Mekong river-
i) Kunlun mountain
ii) Armenian pleateau
iii) Manas Sarobar
iv) Shan pleateau

Question 11.
In hot desert type extreme climate-
i) winter temperature 0°-10° C
ii) summer temperature 30° -35° C
iii) rainfall 150-200 cm
Answer:
ii) summer temperature 30°-35° C

Question 12.
In Tundra climatic region grow-
i) cedar
ii) birch
iii) larch
iv) lichen
Answer:
iv) lichen

Question 13.
Szechuan basin is called-
i) Rice bowl of China
ii) Granary of China
iii) Manchester of China
iv) Red basin
Answer:
iv) Red basin

Question 14.
A problem of Tokyo industrial region-
i) want of capital
ii) scacity of electricity
iii) scarcity of land
Answer:
iii) scarcity of land

Question 15.
Largest oil producing centre of the world-
i) Manifa
ii) Ghawar
iii) Gach Saran
iv) Suleman
Answer:
ii) Ghawar

Fill in the blanks : (1 mark for each question)

1. The capital of Japan is _________.
Answer:
Tokyo.

2. _________ percent of world people live in Asia.
Answer:
60.

3. The heighest part of the landmass is _________.
Answer:
Mount Everest.

4. The _________ sea seperates Asia from Europe.
Answer:
Red.

5. The continent of Asia and Europe and Asia is jointly called _________.
Answer:
Eurasia

6. The largest plain of Asia is _________
Answer:
the Northern plain

7. The joint flow of Tigris and Euphrates is called _________
Answer:
Sat-el-Arab.

8. The _________ vegetation grow in Equatorial region.
Answer:
evergreen

9. The Alpine forest of Russia is known as _________ forest.
Answer:
Taiga forest.

10. Yangtze-Kiang river originates from _________ mountain.
Answer:
Kuenlun

11. _________ is world’s largest off shore oilfield.
Answer:
Safaniya

12. Aaljara is a oilfield of _________.
Answer:
Kuwait

13. The largest external port of Japan is _________.
Answer:
Yokohama

14. Due to differences in relief, soil and climate the the Yangtze basin is divided into _________ parts.
Answer:
three

15. The climate of a place far away from the sea is _________.
Answer:
extreme

State whetherTrue or False : (1 mark for each question)

1. Hwang-Ho river valley was the basis of Chinese civilazation.
Answer:
true

2. In Asia number of countries are fifty.
Answer:
false

3. Hindukush mountain extends fromArmenian knot.
Answer:
false

4. A north flowing river of Asia is Tigris.
Answer:
false

5. The source of Ganga is Gangotri glacier.
Answer:
true

6. Amur is a east flowing river of Asia.
Answer:
true

7. Equatorial type of climate is observed in Indi
Answer:
false

8. The hottest place of Asia is Jacobabad.
Answer:
true

9. Middle Yangtze Basin is known as Granary of China.
Answer:
true

10. Over population is a problem of Tokyo Industrial Region.
Answer:
true

11. Masjid-i-Suleman is a famous oilfield of Iraq.
Answer:
false

12. Jebel Dukhan is a oilfield of Qatar.
Answer:
true

13. Taiga forest of Russia is the largest coniferous forest of the world.
Answer:
true

14. The mouth of Huang-Ho river is South China sea.
Answer:
false

15. The source of Mekong river is Shan Plateau.
Answer:
false

Match the following : (1 mark for each question)

a) Match the column A with column B.

A	B
1. Length of river Lena	a. Kunlun Mountain
2. Mouth of Euphrates	b. in India, Bangladesh, Vietnam
3. Source of Hwang-Ho is	c. petroleum
4. Monsoon type climate is found	d. 2900 km
5. Gharwar is a oilfield of	e. 4400 km
6. Modern civilisation is fueled by	f. Persian Gulf
7. Length of Brahmaputra	g. Tokyo, Delhi, Beijing, Singapore
8. Famous cities of Asia	h. Soudi Arabia

Answer:

1. Length of river Lena 4400 km
2. Mouth of Euphrates Persian Gulf.
3. Source of Hwang-Ho is Kunlun Mountain.
4. Monsoon type climate is found in India, Bangladesh, Vietnam.
5. Gharwar is a oilfield of Soudi Arabia.
6. Modern civilisation is fueled by petroleum.
7. Length of Brahmaputra 2900 km
8. Famous cities of Asia Tokyo, Delhi, Beijing, Singapore.

Very Short Questions & Answers : (1 mark for each question)

Question 1.
Which is the Asia’s hottest place ?
Answer:
Jacobabad is hottest place in Pakistan in Asia.

Question 2.
Which is the Asia’s coldest place?
Answer:
The coldest place in Asia is Verkhoyansk in north-eastern part of Siberia, Russia.

Question 3.
Which place of Earth receives maximum rainfall ?
Answer:
Mausinram receives the maximum rainfall.

Question 4.
Which is the biggest lake of Asia ?
Answer:
Caspian sea is the biggest lake of Asia.

Question 5.
On which river valley, the chinese civilization developed?
Answer:
The chinese civilization developed on the valley of Hwang-Ho.

Question 6.
Where is the source of river Ganga ?
Ans:
Gangotri is the source of river Ganga.

Question 7.
Where is the mouth of river Brahmaputra?
Answer:
Bay of bengal is the mouth of river Brahmaputra.

Question 8.
On which river valley, the Mesopotamian and Sumerian civilization developed?
Answer:
The Mesopotamian and Sumerian civilization developed on the valley of Tigris and Euphrates.

Question 9.
Where does Tibetan plateau lie ?
Answer:
Tibetan plateau lies between the Himalaya and Kunlun mountains.

Question 10.
Name the plain plain of Asia which is largest plain of the world.
Answer:
The northern plain of Asia is the largest plain of the world.

Question 11.
Write a characteristic of north flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
The mouth of these rivers are located in the Frigid zone.

Question 12.
Write a characteristic of south flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
In the lower course of the rivers flood occurs in the rainy season.

Question 13.
Write a characteristic of east flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
River basins are densely populated.

Question 14.
On what condition natural vegetation is related?
Answer:
Natural vegetation is related to climate.

Question 15.
State the characteristics of monsoon winds.
Answer:
The charecterics of monsoon wind are wet summer and dry winter.

Question 16.
Which type of rainfall occurs in Equatorial region?
Answer:
Convectional rainfall occurs in Equatorial region.

Question 17.
What is called the “The Rice bowl of China”?
Answer:
The Hunan Province of China is called “The Rice bowl of China.”

Question 18.
What is called the “Manchester of China”?
Ans:
Sanghai of China is called the “Manchester of China.”

Question 19.
What is the largest city of China ?
Answer:
Sanghai is the largest city of China.

Question 20.
Which basin is called the ‘Red Basin’?
Answer:
Szechuan basin is called the ‘Red basin’.

Question 21.
What is the largest port of Japan?
Answer:
Yakohoma is the largest port of Japan.

Question 22.
What is the full form of OPEC ?
Answer:
The full form of OPEC is Organisation of Petrolium Exporting Countries.

Question 23.
What is the world’s largest offshore oilfield ?
Answer:
Safaniya is the world’s largest offshore oilfield.

Question 24.
What is the largest oil producing centre of the world?
Answer:
The largest oil producing centre of the world is Ghawar.

Short Questions & Answers : (2 marks for each question)

Question 1.
What is the significance of Pamir Knot?
Answer:
Pamir is the higest plateau of the world. The different mountain ranges have come from different direction and met with each other forming a Knot. So it is called Pamir Knot.

Question 2.
Why is the Pamir called the ‘Roof of the World’?
Answer:
Pamir plateau is situated in Tajakistan state which is to the North West of JammuKashmir of India. This is the highest plateau of the world. The altitude of Pamir is 4873 m This plateau is so high that it seems that the roof of the world. So it is called the roof of the world.

Question 3.
Write a short note on OPEC.
Answer:
OPEC: The full form of OPEC is Organisation of Petrolium Exporting Countries. The oil producing countries of South-West Asia are Soudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates etc. These countries are the members of this organisation. This organisation has reduced the monopoly control of the oil purchased countries. At present the member-countries could be able to keep 60% of the income for themselves.

Question 4.
Describe the northern plain of Asia.
Answer:
Acording to the nature and structure this plain are devided into three part –
a) The lowland of Turan : The lowland of Turan is situated in the centre of caspian and Arabian Sea. This region is 8-10 m below the sea lebel in some places.
b) Siberian Plain : The lowland from Ural mountain to the West to Yenesi river valley is called Siberian Plain. it is formed by the deposition of the alluviun by the river Ob and Yenesi.
c) Shield Plateau : This plain stretches from Yenesi river valley to the coast of Bering straight. It is an old eroded region which is called Siberian Shield though it is a part of very old plateau, now it has become a plain.

Question 5.
What are the oil producing countries of South West Asia?
Answer:
Among the oil producing countries Soudia Arabia is the largest oil producing country of the Arabian peninsula. Besides, the other oil producing states are Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman etc.

Question 6.
Describe the course of the river Yangtze-Kiang.
Answer:
The longest river of Asia is Yangtse (6,300 km). This river is originated from Geladangdong mountain peak in the south of Kuenlun mountain and flows towards eastward and emptied in the East China Sea. The river is known as the river of Golden sand in its upper course. This river flows through the Itchang eanyan to the east of red sea valley. There are many lakes like Tungting, Itchang in its course. Flood never occurs in this river. The tributaries of the river are Han, Siyang, Yunan etc. The river is navigable in his lower course.

Question 7.
State the characteristics of the climate of Asia.
Answer:
The characteristics of the climate of Asia.
i) There are different types of climate found in Asia due to its vastness. For example – the climate of the southern part of the continent is warm in nature, the climate of central Asia is moderate and the northern part is extremlly cold.
ii) The places of the continent far away from the sea experience extreme climate
iii) The climate of the plateau surrounded by the mountain is extremely cold.

Question 8.
Which is called the ‘Holland of China’ and why?
Answer:
The deltaic region of Yangtze-Kiang is called the ‘Holland of China’. The Kiangtsu province is occupied by the deltaic region. In this region a number of mursh lands, lakes and polder lands are found here. Like Holand different polder lands are common in this region. Thus it is called the ‘Holland of China’.

Question 9.
Which is called the ‘Manchester of China’ and why ?
Answer:
Sanghai is the largest city, industrial centre and prime port of China. Due to development of cotton textile industry Shanghai is known as the ‘Manchester of China’.

Question 10.
Write the characteristics of North flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
The characteristics of North flowing rivers of Asia-

1. The mouth of the rivers belong to the freezing zone thus the flood occurs here two times in a year–in autumn and spring.
2. Most of the year the rivers are covered with ice and so the rivers are not nevigable.
3. The bank of the rivers are scarcely populated.

Question 11.
State the characteristics of South flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
The characteristics of the south flowing rivers of Asia–

1. The rivers originate in the mountains and flow through the monsoon climate region.
2. In the lower course of the rivers flood occurs in the rainy season.
3. The rivers are navigable and suited to irrigational uses.
4. The river basins are densely populated.

Question 12.
State the characteristics of East flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
The characteristics of East flowing rivers of Asia–

1. Most of the rivers are originated from the mountain region of central Asia.
2. The east flowing rivers of Indian peninsula are rain water fed and rest of the rivers are ice fed.
3. The rivers are important for agriculture and trade.

Question 13.
State the climate features of Tundra climate of Asia.
Answer:

1. Winter is long and extremely cold.
2. In winter darkness prevails for six months in this region.
3. The temperature in winter remains below the freezing point.
4. Snow falls and hail storm occuns in winter.

Long Questions & Answers : (3 marks for each question)

Question 1.
Describe the mountain region of central Asia.
Answer:
The mountain region of central Asia is divided into three parts : a) The mountain ranges extended from Pamir-Knot. b) The mountain ranges extended from Eastern Himalayan Knot. c) The mountain ranges extended from Armenian Knot.
a) The mountain ranges extended from Pamir Knot – The Pamir plateau is situated to the northwest direction of Jammu-Kashmir of India (height – 4873 m ) which is called the ‘Roof of the World’. Then main mountain ranges of Asia have met one another in this region. So it is called the Pamir Knot. i) Karakoram mountain ranges extend from Pamir Knot towards South-East direction. ii) The Himalaya mountain ranges, the highest mountain ranges of the world, extend from Pamir Knot to the south. Mount Everest, the highest peak of the world, is the highest.peak of the Himalaya. iii) The Kuenlun and Altintag mountains are situated to the north east direction of Pamir Knot. Khinghan mountain is situated to the north east of Altintag. iv) Tiensun, Yablonoy, Altai, Khangai, Sayan Stanovoy mountains are originated from Pamir Knot and stretch upto North East fronteer.

b) The mountain ranges extended from Western Himalaya : From a small mountain Knot situated to the east of Himalay mountain i) Patkai, 2) Naga 3) Lusai and 4) Arakahoma stretch to the far extend of south. The part of these mountains extend to up to Indonesia under water of the sea.

c) The mountain ranges extended from Armenian Knot: There is a small mountain knot situated at Armanian plateau which is comparatively lower than Pamir Knot. The Kokesus mountain is situated to the north of this knot, and Jagros to the South east and Elburz to the East. Pontik is situated to the west and Tarus is to the south. Jagros joins with Khirthar after extending to the east.

Question 2.
Why is Asia called the land of Diversity ?
Answer:
Asia is called a land of diversity for its size, natural environment and many other reasons :

1. Geological diversity : In the continent of Asia old land like Angara land and Gondoana land are found as well as the new fold mountain like the Himalaya is also situated here.
2. Diversity in land : In this countinent in one hand the highest mountain peak the Mt. Everest is situated on the other hand lowest lake the dead sea is situated. The lowest part of the earth is Mariana Terench lies in this continent.
3. Diversity in rivers and lakes: The small icefed rivers are found here as well as long rain water feel river are also found. Lake with sweet water is situated here on the other hand the lake with saline water is also found.
4. Diversity in climate : The coldest place of the Earth Oyimeyakon is situated in Asia and Jacobabad, the hottest place of the earth is also situated here.
5. Diversity in vegetation : The largest forest of the world as well as desert region is also found here.
6. The diversity in setlement : The most density populated region is South Eastern Asia and the Syberia is scarcely populated area. Mureove, there is diversity in relegion life style of the people of Asia.

Question 3.
Give a description of the east flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
The east flowing rivers of Asia : As the mountain region of central Asia is extended towards the east, the rivers of central Asia flow towards east miander for the obstruction of mountain.
i) Yangtse (6300 Km) : Yangtse is the longest river of Asia. This river is originated from Kunlun mountain and flows to the South-east ward and is emptied in China Sea. The Golden sand is found at the bank of the river, thus it is called golden sand river. This river has many tributaries.

ii) Hwang Ho (5464 Km.) : Hwang Ho is also originated from Kuenlun Mountain and flows towards north-east direction. The mouth of this river is Bohai sea. The main tributaries of this river are Fhenho, Oaihe etc. As the rain and ice melting water flows through the river it is flood prone. This river is the cause of sorrow of the people. Thus river is known as the ‘Sorrow of China’. Now the pasibility of flood has been reduced. But it faciliates irrigation, communication generation of hydel power etc.

iii) Amur (2824 Km) : This river is generated from Yablonoi mountain and flows through the South east frontier of Soviet Union towards the east and is emtied into the sea of Okhatsk. The two main tributaries of the river are Sirka and Sungai.

iv) Si-Kiang – (1920 Km.) : This river is generated from Yunan Plateau and flows towards east to empty.in China Sea. The large point Kanlon of China is situated at the mouth of the river and thus the other name of the river is Kauton. This river is nevigable for its entire length. It is a commercial waterway of southern China.

Question 4.
Describe the South flowing rivers of Asia.
Answer:
The south flowing rivers are :
a) Mekong (4,909 Km) : This river is originated from Kuenlun mountain and is emptied in South China Sea.
b) Irrawaddy (2210 km) : This river is originated from Yunan Plateau and flows through Mayanmar. It emptied in Gulf of Martaban.
c) Brahmaputra (2,900 Km) : Brahnmaputra river is originated from Chemaungdung glacier and flows through India and Bangladesh. It emptied in Bay of Bengal.
d) Indus (2900 Km) : Indus is originated from Manas Sarobar of Tibet and flows through India and Pakistan. The tributaries of Indus are Jhelum, Beas, Satlej, Chinab, Ravi etc.
e) Ganga (2,510 Km) : Generating from Gangotri glacier river Ganga flows through the Vast region in India and is emptied in the Bay of Bengal. The tributaries of the river Ganga are Yamuna, Ramganga, Mahananda etc.
f) Tigris (1850 km), Euphrates (2800 km) : Tigris is originated from Kurdistan mountain , Euphrates originated from Armenian plateau and their mouth is Persian Gulf.

Question 5.
What are the causes of diversity of climate in Asia?
Answer:
The main causes of diversity of climate in Asia are :-
i) Latitude : The continent of Asia stretches from 10°S to 78°N latitude. Thus there is the vraities in insolation of the Sun. The sun rays fall vertically on the southern part of this continent through out the year. So this part esperiences hot climate through out the year. On the other hand the northern part experiences cold climate for inclining sun rays.

ii) Far away from the sea: The 1 / 3 part of this continent lies 1000 Km away from the sea. Some places lie 2500 Km away from the sea. These places experience extreme climate – the summer is too hot and the winter is too cold.

iii) Altitude : The altitude of central Asia is more due to the presence of high mountains and high lands. Therefore the temperature is comperatively low and snow falls occurs in the winter.

iv) Existing of mountains: The mountain ranges of central Asia influence the climate of Asia. These mountain ranges act as barrier to prevent the cold wind of north. On the other hand the moisture-laden wind gets obstructed by the mountain and causes rain fall.

v) Ocean current : The temperature of the north-east part of this continent remaining comperatively high in winter for the influence of warm Kuro-Shio current. Besides the dense mist found in eastern coast for the melting of warm Japan current.

vi) Wind : One-fourth of total rainfall is occured in the year for the moisture-ladan monsoon wind flows on the south or South eastern part of Asia. More over little rain fall occure in the western part of the continent for tire cyclonic wind coming from the Mideteranean sea.

Question 6.
How does the climate of Asia influence on vegetation ?
Answer:
The climate of a place influence the vegetation in this way –
i) The natural vegetation in the Equatorial region of Asia : The equatorial evergreen forest is found in Malayesia, Indonesia, Singapore for the high temperature and heavy rainfall through out the year. The trees are ebony, rosewood, palm etc.
ii) The vegitation of monsoon region of Asia. In the monsoon climate region the variation of vegitation is found for the variation of rainfall. This type of vagitation is found in Mayanmar, Vietnam, Bangladesh, India etc. The dense evergreen forest of rosewood, mehagony, deodar, bamboo is found in the region of heavy rainfall. Teak, Sal, Simul, Palash, Mango, Berry trees densely grow in the places of moderate rainfall.
iii) The vegitation of Mediterranean region of Asia : Turkey, Svria, Israel, Lebanon belong to the Mediterranean climate region and olive, cork, oak, lemon trees grow here.
iv) Moderate grassland or steppes: Thorny bushes or dwarf grass are found in the steppes region of South western. Syberia and eastern Mongolia for scanty rainfall.
v) The vegitation of moderate desert region: The grass and bushes are found in the Mongolian plateau and Gobi desert.
vi) The vegitation of manchurian region : The alpine forest of Pine, pruce, fer is found in Manchuria and north Japan.
vii) The vegitation of Taiga or Syberian climate: The rainfall is occured and the land remains snow covered in Taiga region of North Russia and north Syberia.
viii) The vegitation of China type climatic region : In the China type climatic region of Koria. South Japan. China the ever-green forest grow for hot and humid climate with heavy rainfall. Oak, campher, Camalia, Magnelia and the bamboos are the most valuable tree grown here.
ix) The vegitation of hot desert region : For the lack of water the trees and plants do not grow in Arbian desert and the desert of India and Pakistan.
x) Tundra typed vegitation : In Tundra typed climatic region of North Russia remain snow covered throughout the year. Moss, Lychen, Algae grow in this region.

Question 7.
Discuss the causes of economical prosperity of Yangtze basin.
Answer:
The causes of economical prosperity of Yangtze basin: The communication system, agriculture and industry are well developed here. The soil is very fertile. Rice, wheat, maize, potato. sugar-cane tobaco, tea. lemon are grown here with the help of irrigation. Different minerals are found here. They are coal, iron ore, copper, mineral salt, natural gas, zinc, lead, manganese etc. The labour is easily available as the river besin is densely populated. Plenty of river water, hydel power supply, highly developed communication system and location the world largest port Sanghai have made easily to export and import of manufacturing goods and therefore the Yangtze basin has prospered highly.

Question 8.
Give a short note on Tokyo industrial region of Japan.
Answer:
Tokyo industrial region is situated at the eastern part of Honshu in Kanto plain. It is the largest and greatest industrial region of Japan. 25% of total industrial goods of Japan are manufactured here.
The causes of the development

1. Plenty of coal iron ore and raw materials
2. the hydel power of the mountain region of Honshu.
3. The wool from Kanto plain.
4. Well developed communication and transport system.
5. The demand of the market.

The main industrial centres of this region are Tokyo, Yakohoma, Kawasaki, Chiba. The iron and steel factory, machinery, engineering, chemical, food processing and many other industries have been flourished here. The ship building factory, engineering and chemical industries have been set up in Yokohama.

Question 7.
What are the causes of prosperity of Tokyo-Yokohama Industrial region.
Answer:
Tokyo-Yokohama is the second largest indusrial centre of Japan. This region is situated at Kanto plain. The main industries of this region are iron and steel, engineering, oil refinery, chemical, wool and cotton textile, electronic goods, printing industries etc. Tokyo, the capital of Japan is the main city port and trade centre of this region. As the depth of nearly gulf is less, big ships can not enter here. So Yokohoma plays the role of external port of the country. The causes for the development of the industry:

1. Imported coal iron ore and raw materials:
2. Coal from local mines.
3. The hydelpower of the mountain region of central Honshu.
4. Wool from Kanto plain.

Question 10.
Give a short note on oilfields of south-west Asia.
Answer:
About 60% of the world’s total oil reserve are found in this region. This region extracts about 30% of total petrleum in the world. The major oil producing countries of this region are Soudi Arabia, Iran, IraqKuwait, Baharein etc. Saudi Arabia is the largest nation in the Arabian Peninsula. About 26% of the total reserves of the world is found in Saudi Arabia. It is maimly a hot desert. Ghawar, Abqaiq, DhahranSafaniya Manifa are main oilfields of Saudi Arabia. Masjid-i-suleman, Agha Jari, Gach Saran, Lali sre main oilfields of Iran.Kirkuk, Mosul are main oilfields of Iraq. Burgan, Magwa-All Hamadi, Aljara are main oilfields of Kuwait. Jabel Dukhan, Id-el-ljba are main oilfields of Qatar. What would be the price of petroleum in the world market, which country will sell what amount of petroleum to the export market, these are determined by the OPEC (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries).

Additional Questions and answers :

Question 1.
Asia is called ‘Continent of Extremes’-Explain
Answer:
Asia, the largest and most populous continent, comprises of one-third of the total landmass of the world. You would he surprised to know that the continent of Asia is equal to four times of Europe and one and half times of Africa. This continent is so vast, that when the sun rises in the extreme west, then the sun almost sets in extreme east. High mountain ranges, large plateaus, extensive plains and fertile river valleys bring some special features in the continent of Asia which makes it different from other continents. So, Asia is known as the ‘Continent of Extremes’.

Question 2.
Why is Asia called ‘Cradle of civilization’?
Answer:

• Asia is different from others in respect of nation, religion, caste, art and culture, human race and different things.
• A number of river-based civilizations had developed in the large fertile river valleys of Asia around 3500-5000 B.C.
• Harappa-Mohenjodaro and Indus valley civilization (at present belongs to India & Pakistan) had developed along the river Indus.
• Mesopotamian and Sumerian (at present belong to Turkey & Iran) civilizations were developed along the Tigris-Euphrates river valleys.
• Hwang-Ho river valley was the basis of Chinese civilization.
• From the long past Asia had the influence of western civilization and a rich tradition.

Question 3.
Give a short description of great plains of the North.
Answer:
Low lands of Turan : The lowland in the southwestern parts of the northern plains, surrounding the Caspian Sea and Aral Sea is known as lowland of Turan.
Siberian Plain : This plain, located in the extreme north of Asia, is formed by the deposition of alluvium by the rivers Ob. Yenisei and Lena and also by glacial action. Flood is frequent here.
Shield Region : It is formed due to gradual erosion of old plateaus in the north east of the Great northern plains.
Alluvium deposited by several rivers in the south-eastern part of Asia, their deposited alluvium have formed a number of plains like the-1) North China Plains, 2) Indus Ganga-Brahrnaputra plains, 3) Mesopotamia Plains.

Question 4.
Give a short description of Yangtze Basin.
Answer:
The Szechuan basin is formed at the source of the river Yangtze by the deposition of four tributaries. Sandstones are abundant here and so the Szechuan basin is called the Red Basin. The red Basin extends from the source of Yangtze to Ichang. The climate of this region is very comfortable. This region prospers in agriculture and is densely populated.