• Chapter 1 सजीवों में नियंत्रण व समन्वय Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 1A पौधों में संवेदन तथा अनुक्रिया Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 1B पादप हार्मोन तथा जन्तु हार्मोन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 1C जन्तुओं में होने वाले प्रतिचार और भौतिक समन्वय : तंत्रिका तंत्र Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 1D प्रचलन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 2 जीवन की निरंतरता Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 2A कोशिका विभाजन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 2B प्रजनन तथा वृद्धि Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 3 आनुवांशिकता एवं सामान्य आनुवांशिक रोग Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 4 क्रम विकास एवं अनुकूलन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 4A क्रम विकास Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 4B अनुकूलन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 5 वातावरण एवं इसके संसाधन तथा उनका संरक्षण Class 10 WBBSE MCQ

WBBSE Class 10 Solutions

WBBSE Class 9 Geography Book Solutions West Bengal Board in English Medium

• Chapter 1 Earth as a Planet
• Chapter 2 Movements of the Earth
• Chapter 3 Determination of Location of a Place on the Earth’s Surface
• Chapter 4 Geomorphic Processes and Landforms of the Earth
• Chapter 5 Weathering
• Chapter 6 Hazards and Disasters
• Chapter 7 Resources of India
• Chapter 8 West Bengal
• Chapter 9 Maps and Scales

WBBSE Class 9 Geography Book Solutions West Bengal Board in Hindi Medium

• Chapter 1 ग्रह रूप में पृथ्वी
• Chapter 2 पृथ्वी की गतियाँ
• Chapter 3 धरातल पर किसी स्थान की स्थिति का निर्धारण
• Chapter 4 भू-आकृतिक प्रक्रियाएँ तथा पृथ्वी के प्रमुख स्थलरूप
• Chapter 5 अपक्षय या विखण्डन
• Chapter 6 प्राकृतिक आपदायें और संकट
• Chapter 7 भारत के संसाधन
• Chapter 8 पश्चिम बंगाल
• Chapter 9 मानचित्र एवं मापक

WBBSE Class 9 Geography Syllabus West Bengal Board 2024

Group A: Physical Geography

Chapter 1 Earth as a Planet
Shape of the Earth: Concept of shape of the Earth, Proofs from the earliest days till today, Earth as an oblate spheroid, Concept of Geoid.
Size of the Earth: Size of the Earth in proportion to the other planets and its unique position in the solar system, Earth as the home of humankind, Measurements of the Earth, use of GPS.

Chapter 2 Movements of the Earth
Introduction: Concept of movements of the Earth (mentioning movements of other planets of the solar system), Brief history of observation on Earth’s movements
Rotation: Direction, speed, effects, Alteration of day and night, The Coriolis effect, Inclination of the Earth’s axis and its significance.
Revolution: Direction, speed, effects – Leap year, Aphelion and Perihelion, Yearly apparent movement of the Sun, Variation in lengths of days and nights, Equinoxes and Solstices, Change of seasons

Chapter 3 Determination of Location of a Place on the Earth’s Surface
Introduction: Necessity of determination of the location of a place on the Earth’s surface.
Latitudes: Concept of latitude, angular measurements, properties, important latitudes, their uses; Identification of Heat zones by latitudes.
Longitudes: Concept of longitude, angular measurement of longitudes, properties, Prime Meridian, their uses, longitude and time; Geographical Grid to find location, Concept of Great Circle, Concept of Antipodes and International Date Line, Mathematical calculations on longitudes and time and their relation to Antipodes, International Date Line, Leap year.

Chapter 4 Geomorphic Processes and Landforms of the Earth
Introduction: Elementary concept of geomorphic processes, Different major landforms of the Earth.
Mountains: Mountains – their types; Origin of Flood Mountains (based on Plate Tectonics), Characteristics of Fold Mountain, Concept of old and young Fold Mountains, Origin of Volcanic Mountains, Features of Volcanic Mountains, Origin and Features of Relict Mountains, Importance of Mountains.
Plateaus: Plateaus – their types; Inter-Montane Plateau, Volcanic Plateau, Dissected Plateau, Continental Plateau, Importance of Plateaus.
Plains: Plains – their types; Structural Plain, Erosional Plain, Depositional Plain, Importance of Rains.

Chapter 5 Weathering
Introduction: Concept of Weathering, Erosion, Mass Wasting, and Denudation.
Mechanical Weathering: Block Disintegration, Exfoliation, Granular Disintegration, and Frost action.
Chemical Weathering: Oxidation, Carbonation, Hydration and Hydrolysis.
Biological Weathering: Role of man, plant and animals
Effects of Weathering and Soil Erosion: Effects of Weathering – Soil Formation, Soil erosion and conservation measures.

Group B: Man and Environment

Chapter 6 Hazards and Disasters
Types of Hazards and Disasters: Concept of Hazards and Disasters; A general discussion of different types of Hazards and Disasters: Rood, Drought, Cyclone, Earthquake, Tsunami, Landslide, Avalanche, Blizzard, Volcanism, Forest fire; General nature of Hazards and Disasters in West Bengal, their impact.
Disaster Management: Concept of Disaster Management Role of Students, Disaster Management strategies in West Bengal.

Group C: Regional Geography (Including Maps and Scale)

Chapter 7 Resources of India
Introduction: Concept, classification, and conservation of resources.
Mineral Resources: Iron ore, Coal, and Petroleum – importance and uses, classification, regional distribution, reserves, trade.
Power Resources (Conventional and Non Conventional): Conventional and Nonconventional sources of power – their advantages and disadvantages; Conventional sources of power (Thermal, Hydel, Atomic) – uses and distribution; Non Conventional sources of power (Solar, Wind, Geo-Thermal) – uses and importance.

Chapter 8 West Bengal
Location, Administrative Divisions: Brief outline of West Bengal as a State of India after Independence, Geographical location, Neighbouring countries and states of West Bengal, Administrative divisions of West Bengal.

Physical Environment: Physiography and Drainage of West Bengal – Northern Mountains, Western Plateau, The Plains; Brief overview of the water resources of West Bengal, Merits and demerits of multiple use and overuse of water from river, canal, tank, well, groundwater, Climate of West Bengal, Seasons of West Bengal, Impact of monsoon on climate of West Bengal, Impact of change of season in human life, Soil and Nature Vegetation of West Bengal.

Major Economic Activities: Agriculture of West Bengal, Major crops (paddy, jute, tea); Industries (Iron & Steel, Jute, Cotton, Tea, Food Processing, Tourism, Information technology) of West Bengal – causes of development, problems and prospects; Small scale and Cottage industries of West Bengal; Major Cities, Ports and Tourist Sites of West Bengal.

Chapter 9 Maps and Scale
Fundamentals of Maps and Scale: Concept of map and scale, Maps – their Classification (Topographical Map, Mouza Map, Political Map, etc.), Uses and importance of maps, Scales – their types (Construction of scale not required), Uses and importance of scale.

WBBSE Class 9 Geography Type of Questions and Marks Distribution

WBBSE Class 9 Solutions

• West Bengal Board Class 10 Maths Book Solutions
• West Bengal Board Class 10 Life Science Book Solutions
• West Bengal Board Class 10 Physical Science Book Solutions
• West Bengal Board Class 10 Geography Book Solutions
• West Bengal Board Class 10 History Book Solutions
• West Bengal Board Class 10 Bengali Book Solutions
• West Bengal Board Class 10 English Book Solutions
• West Bengal Board Class 10 Hindi Book Solutions
• WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science MCQ Questions
• WBBSE Class 10 Life Science MCQ Questions
• WBBSE Class 10 Geography MCQ Questions
• WBBSE Class 10 History MCQ Questions
• WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science Notes

WBBSE Solutions

WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Book Solutions West Bengal Board in English Medium

• Chapter 1 Life and its Diversity
  • Chapter 1.1 Basic Properties of Life
  • Chapter 1.2 Biology and its Branches
  • Chapter 1.3A Classification of Diversity of Life: Taxonomy
  • Chapter 1.3B Five Kingdoms of Life
  • Chapter 1.3C Classification of Kingdom Plantae
  • Chapter 1.3D Classification of Kingdom Animalia
• Chapter 2 Levels of Organisation of Life
  • Chapter 2.1 Biomolecules and their Behaviour
  • Chapter 2.2 Cell
  • Chapter 2.3A Tissue: Plant Tissue and its Distribution
  • Chapter 2.3B Tissue: Animal Tissue and its Distribution
  • Chapter 2.4 Major Organs of Human Body and Their Function
• Chapter 3 Physiological Processes of Life
  • Chapter 3.1A Plant Physiology: Photosynthesis
  • Chapter 3.1B Mineral Nutrition
  • Chapter 3.1C Transpiration
  • Chapter 3.1D Movement of Water, Minerals, Food and Gases
  • Chapter 3.2A Respiration: Organ-Level Respiration
  • Chapter 3.2B Cellular Level Respiration
  • Chapter 3.3 Nutrition
  • Chapter 3.4 Circulation
  • Chapter 3.5 Excretion
• Chapter 4 Biology and Human Welfare
  • Chapter 4.1 Immunity and Human Diseases
  • Chapter 4.2 Microbes in Human Welfare
• Chapter 5 Environment and its Resources
  • Chapter 5.1 Ecology and Ecological Organisations
  • Chapter 5.2 Natural Resources and its Sustainable Use

WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Book Solutions West Bengal Board in Hindi Medium

• Chapter 1 जीवन एवं उसकी विविधता
• Chapter 2 जीवन गठन के स्तर
• Chapter 3 जीवन की शारीरिक क्रियाएँ
• Chapter 4 जीव विज्ञान एवं मानव कल्याण
• Chapter 5 वातावरण तथा उसके संसाधन

WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Syllabus West Bengal Board 2024

Chapter 1 Life and its Diversity
Basic Properties of Life: How a living being is different from a non-living object?
Life shows some basic properties that are absent in non-living objects, e.g., the capacity to reproduce itself/new life, to uptake and use energy (metabolism), to respond to stimuli, etc. Explain in brief and in a simple way the basic properties of life with examples.

How does life come into being on Earth and when?
Chemical Origin of Life from Non-living Objects some 3.7 billion years ago; And then the evolution of the diversity of life forms from the earliest life form. A brief outline of the abiotic origin of life: pre-biotic conditions → precursor, biomolecules → coacervate/microsphere → protocells → earliest life forms.
Sources of Variations in Life: Heritable chance variations arise during the reproduction of living organisms and their adaptations to varying environments; Amount of diversity of the (biodiversity)-more than 30 million species and further variations within a species.

Biology is the Study of Patterns and Processes of Life and its Diversity: Why study Biology?
Biological studies at different levels and aspects. Different branches of Biology: what do they study (e.g. Biochemistry, Molecular biology, Immunology, Genetics, Histology, Anatomy, Physiology, Ecology, Behavioural Biology, Evolution, and other branches). Infusions of knowledge from other branches of science into Biology. Application of Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Statistics, Computers, and other branches; emergence of new branches of Biology. Applications of Modern Biology: Applications of Biology in agriculture, medicine, space science, and in other fields.

Classification of Diversity of Life: Taxonomy:
(a) Taxonomy and Taxonomic Hierarchy: Why taxonomy? What are the basic features of Linnaean taxonomy?
Development of modern taxonomy in Europe when naturalists started encountering a high diversity of new living organisms, especially from the tropics. A very brief history regarding the birth of modern taxonomy till Linnaeus. Hierarchical arrangement of classified groups. Explain the seven steps of taxonomic hierarchy schematically-(kingdom to species)-concerning one example from a plant (Mango) and one from an animal (Man). Binomial nomenclature: Explain briefly binomial nomenclature with an example.

(b) Five Kingdoms of Life: Five kingdoms of life: Name five kingdoms of life, mentioning three salient features of each kingdom-nature of cell and cellular organization, metabolic process, ecological role, and two common examples.

(c) Classification of Kingdom Plantae: How do different plants differ from each other?
Major groups (Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperm Angiosperm-Monocotyledon, and Dicotyledon). Comparing the distinguishing features of major groups with examples (tabular form).

(d) Classification of Kingdom Animalia: How different animals are similar and different from each other?
All major Phyla under Non-Chordata; Classification of Chordates upto class level. Three distinguishing features and two common examples of each group.

Chapter 2 Levels of Organization of Life
Biomolecules and their Behaviour: What are we made up of? Why these compounds are so important for our existence?
Elementary idea about the compounds of life-inorganic: water, acids, bases, salts, gases, etc. Organic: (i) Smaller molecules – simple sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, nucleotides (ii) Macromolecules-complex carbohydrates, protein, lipid, and nucleic acids. Different categories of biomolecules with examples (in a chart). Basic structural/compositional features of each type of biomolecule (detailed structure to be avoided). The major role of them in life processes (e.g. proteins act as structural materials, enzymes, etc. Role of ATP as the energy currency of a cell, etc.). Vitamins: Vitamin A, D, E, K, B-complex & C and their roles in the human body. Minerals: Mention the names of different minerals and their general role in the human body.

Cell: What are the organelles of a cell and how a cell is organized with such organelles?
Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, plastid, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, lysosome, vacuole, ribosome, centriole, microtubule. Elementary idea about the structures and functions of different organelles with the help of diagrams. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Plant and animal cells. Difference between Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells with the help of diagrams; Difference between plant and animal cells with the help of diagrams.

Tissue: (i) Plant Tissue and its Distribution: What is a tissue? How plant tissues can be classified into different types?
Concept of tissue as an organization level within a multicellular living body. Tissues are organizations of similar or different types of cells performing particular functions in a multicellular living body. Meristematic tissue: Characteristic features, distribution, and functions (with diagrams), Permanent tissue: Characteristic features, distribution, types, and functions in tabular form (with diagrams)

(ii) Animal Tissue: What are the bases of differentiation/classification of animal tissues?
Tissue types: Describing different animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous) – distribution, structure, and functions of each tissue (with the help of diagrams in tabular form)

Major Organs of the Human Body and their Function: What is an organ? How do different organs play a vital role in the human body?
Concept of an organ: Explaining an organ with examples – Skin, stomach, pancreas, lung, heart, spleen, kidney, brain, spinal cord, testes, and ovary – position and their routes. Elucidating the positions of different organs with the help of diagrams/ real pictures and two functions of each organ (with diagram in tabular form)

Chapter 3 Physiological Processes of Life
Plant Physiology: (i) Photosynthesis: What is the fate of entrapped solar energy in the plant body?
Concept of Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is a process where light energy, normally from the sun, is converted into chemical energy (that can later be released to fuel the organism’s activities). This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – The site of Photosynthesis. All chlorophyll-containing plant parts (examples) – Components of Photosynthesis and their role-CO₂, H₂O, sunlight and pigments chlorophyll and carotenoids. A brief outline of the roles of different components of photosynthesis; Explaining absorption and action spectra. Process: light-dependent phase and light-independent phase. A brief outline of major steps only Light-dependent phase: trapping of sunlight → activation of chlorophyll → photosynthesis of water → formation of end products of light-dependent phase (NADPH, O₂, and ATP); Light-independent phase: Fixation of CO₂ → formation of PGA → reduction of PGA → resynthesis of RuBP → synthesis of glucose (do not discuss the role of enzymes). Significance of Photosynthesis. Trapping and conversion of solar energy into food for plants and other organisms; O₂ – CO₂ balance.

(ii) Mineral Nutrition: How mineral nutrients are associated with the survival of plants?
Concepts of Macro-and Micro-nutrients with examples. Criteria for being qualified as macro-and micro-nutrients; Listing macro-and micro-nutrients; General functions of essential mineral nutrients; (e.g. formation of protoplasm, structure of enzyme, oxidation-reduction reaction, osmotic balance, formation of chlorophyll, buffer effect)

(iii) Transpiration: How do plants eliminate the excess water from their body?
Explanation: Elimination of excess water in the form of vapour; Comparing transpiration and evaporation – Sites of transpiration. Identifying the sites (stomata, lenticel, cuticular pore) – Factors controlling transpiration. Temperature, humidity, air movement, light, structure of leaf (leaf surface, cuticle, stomata) – Significance.  explain the significance (beneficial and harmful role).

(iv) Movement of Water, Food, and Gases: How different substances are transported in plant bodies?
Passive transport diffusion and osmosis – Features of diffusion and osmosis. Active transport – Elementary idea (lower to higher concentration, involvement of carrier molecule and requirement of energy) and examples – Cell to cell transport. Ascent of sap (role of root pressure and transpiration pull). Role of diffusion, osmosis, and active transport identifying the forces responsible for the movement of materials; Identifying, showing, and labeling the direction of flow of water; Recognizing the steps in the ascent of sap. Characteristic features of phloem transportation. Identifying showing and labeling the direction of the flow of food; Recognizing the steps in the translocation of food.

Respiration: (i) Organ level Respiration: Why Respiratory organs are so important?
Characteristic features of respiratory organs – Moist, extensive, and vascularized surface area – Respiratory sites of plants. Respiratory sites in plants – stomata, lenticels, pneumatophores – Respiratory organs of animals. Respiratory organs of animals – body surface, trachea(insect), gill(fish), lungs, and accessory respiratory organs (fish) – Lungs and breathing in humans. Inspiration, expiration, the role of the diaphragm and intercostal muscle; explaining with diagram the process of breathing (with the help of a working model of lungs) – Lungs and healthy life. Explaining in brief the role of breathing exercises and increased lung volume; cigarette smoking is harmful to the respiratory system.

(ii) Cellular Respiration: What is cellular respiration? In what way do different types of respiration differ from each other? How energy is utilized?
Concepts of cellular respiration. Oxidation of cellular substrate and production of energy; distinguishing respiration and combustion. Types of cellular respiration (Aerobic, Anaerobic, and Fermentation). Explain the occurrence, process of oxidation, and production of energy for each type of cellular respiration, the Steps of cellular respiration, and cellular sites where they occur. Mention the different steps of cellular respiration, i.e. Glycolysis → Krebs cycle → Terminal respiration. Signification of respiration, Mention cytoplasm and mitochondria as the sites. Liberation of energy and O₂ – CO₂ balance.

Nutrition: How do organisms process food inside their body?
Concepts of nutrition. Utilization of food for energy production, growth and repair, disease resistance – Types of nutrition. Plants: Explaining autotrophic and different types of heterotrophic nutrition (parasitic, symbiosis, saprophytic, and insectivory) with examples; Animals: parasitic, symbiotics, saprozoic, coprophagy, sanguinivory – Holozoic nutrition. Steps of holozoic nutrition and associated parts of the alimentary canal in humans. Alimentary system. Explaining the components of the dietary system and their role in nutrition; identifying, showing, and labeling parts of the alimentary system. Overview of digestion.

Mechanical and enzymatic digestion, hydrolysis – brief mention, hydrolysis, Digestive enzymes. Explaining the types with examples; site of secretion and their role in digestion (in tabular form); comparing and contrasting digestive enzymes. Absorption, Assimilation, and Egestion. Overview of absorption, assimilation, and egestion (site and process) – Metabolism. Explaining the fate of nutrients inside the cell; the brief idea of two types of metabolism with examples and mention significances, Dietary food intake, energy requirement, and associated problems. Concept of a balanced diet, BMR and its value; Calculation of energy required daily for an adult human; explaining metabolism-related problems in the human body.

Circulation: How different important substances are transported in the body of an organism? How is water utilized in the human body? Why blood is so important for human life?
Concept of circulation: Movement of nutrients, respiratory gases, metabolic wastes, synthesized substances, minerals, heat; Explaining components of the circulatory system of human blood, blood vessels, and heart, Types of circulation. Open and closed circulation with diagrams and examples of body fluids. Location and role of different body fluids-blood, lymph, sweat, urine, CSF, synovial fluid, tissue fluid, intracellular fluid, and Composition of blood (Plasma, Blood cell). Presenting composition of blood (with the help of chart); Plasma: Composition and functions; Blood cell (with the help of chart): origin, life span, and cellular characters of blood cells and their functions (in tabular form); Comparing and contrasting different blood cells with proper diagram, Blood group, and blood donation. Explaining the basis of grouping of blood (ABO & Rh factor); blood groups and significance (ABO incompatibility, Cross matching, Haemolysis). Misconception about blood donation. Coagulation of blood – Explaining coagulation of blood; factors involved (fibrinogen, prothrombin, tissue thromboplastin, calcium ion); major steps of the process and significance, Internal structure of human heart – Explaining chambers, valves, associated blood vessels, heart wall junctional tissues with the help of diagram or real pictures – Course of circulation of blood through heart – Explaining course of blood circulation through different chambers of heart; elementary idea of double circulation with diagram.

Excretion: How are metabolic wastes eliminated?
Concept of excretion: Explaining excretion (catabolism and production of harmful substances, their transport and elimination); outlining the water balance story of the human body and significance of excretion. Process of excretion in plants – Explain briefly the features of excretion in plants and processes (shedding of bark, leaves, and fruits with examples), Excretory products of plants. Nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous excretory products (tabular form) are excretory organs in animals. Contractile vacuole, flame cell, nephridia, malpighian tubule, kidney.

Excretory system of humans: Explaining, identifying, labeling, and analyzing the different parts of the excretory system of humans with the help of a diagram and their function – Nephron. Explaining and identifying structural components of nephron with the help of a diagram and their function; the role of the nephron in the formation of urine (ultra-filtration of blood, active reabsorption of ions, secretion of excretory substances, and passive reabsorption of water) – Accessory excretory organs of human. Explaining the roles of liver, lungs & skin.

Chapter 4 Biology and Human Welfare
Immunity and Human Diseases: How do human beings remain protected from disease-causing organisms? Who poses a threat to human health? How WASH can protect human beings from diseases?
Concept of immunity: Explaining the concepts of immunity, antigen, antibody, and immune response with a diagram. Concept of vaccine: Historical perspective – Edward Jenner and vaccination; different types of vaccine with examples. Pathogens and parasites causing human disease: Diarrhoea, malaria, diphtheria, pneumonia, tetanus, tuberculosis, dengue, Hepatitis A & B, AIDS (nature, symptoms, transmission) [In tabular form] Concept and components of WASH and its significance in eliminating disease burden – Developing knowledge and understanding about the importance of WASH and its impact on health and well being of human. Microbes in Human Welfare: How do microbes help us in our everyday lives?

• Bio-control agents – Explaining the role of bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.
• Bio-fertilizers – Explaining the role of bacteria, cyanobacteria, and mycorrhiza.

Chapter 5 Environment and its Resources
Ecology and Ecological Organization: What is ecology and how are the organisms organized in nature?
Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment including other organisms. In ecology interactions of organisms and their organizations are studied at the Individual level. Adaptation to light, humidity, and temperature with examples from the plant/animal world. Population-level: Concept of population and factors of population growth (natality mortality and migration). Community level: A Set of interacting populations is called a community and possible types of interactions among them are competition, predation, parasitism, and co-operation-explain with simple examples. Ecosystem level (Structural aspect): Abiotic factors: light, temperature, water, atmosphere, topography- mention only the names of different factors through the chart. Biotic factors communities including autotrophs and heterotrophs (consumers, decomposers, and transformers)-an elementary idea with examples with the help of diagrams, charts (Functional aspects): Explaining with examples- food chain, food web, energy flow, and nutrient cycle.

Natural Resources and its Sustainable Use: How different natural resources are intimately connected with our existence on earth?
Natural resources: forest, water, food, and energy – their use and overuse. Forest: Use (forest functions: watershed protection, atmospheric regulation, erosion control, local use, productive use); cause of deforestation and consequences. Water: Use (drinking, agriculture, industry, etc.); over-utilization and water scarcity (case study) Rainwater harvesting. Food: Source (Agriculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, fishery, alternate food sources); World food problem (case study) and its effect. Energy: Use, growing energy needs, wastage of energy/Energy conservation in daily life.

WBBSE Class 9 Life Science Blueprint for 3rd Summative Evaluation (Total Marks – 90)

Group A – MCQ: All questions are compulsory. There will be no alternative for MCQ.
Group B – VSA: Out of 26 questions, 21 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme. VSA questions may be of four types – answer in one word or one sentence, fill in the blanks, true/false, and match column A with column B. In column matching two points are to be kept in mind – (i) For each correct matching one (1) mark is allotted, (ii) There should be at least one (1) extra option in Column B.
Group C – SA: Out of 17 questions, 12 questions are to be attempted. One (1) extra question is to be set from each theme.
Group D – LA: 6 questions are to be attempted. Alternative questions from the same theme are to be set for each question. 5 marks can be given as a whole or can be divided into 3 + 2 or 2 + 3.

WBBSE Class 9 Solutions

1. बहिर्जात प्रक्रियाएँ तथा उत्पन्न स्थलरूप Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
2. वायुमण्डल Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
3. जलमण्डल Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
4. अपशिष्ट प्रबंधन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
5. भारत : भौतिक तथा आर्थिक वातावरण Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
   • भारत : स्थिति एवं प्रशासनिक विभाग, भू-प्रकृति, जल संसाधन, जलवायु, मिट्टियाँ एवं प्राकृतिक वनस्पति Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
   • भारत : कृषि, उद्योग, जनसंख्या, परिवहन एवं संचार पद्धति Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
6. उपग्रह प्रतिबिम्ब एवं स्थलाकृतिक मानचित्र Class 10 WBBSE MCQ

WBBSE Class 10 Solutions

1. Concerns About Our Environment Class 10 WBBSE Notes
2. Behaviour of Gases Class 10 WBBSE Notes
3. Chemical Calculations Class 10 WBBSE Notes
4. Thermal Phenomena Class 10 WBBSE Notes
5. Light Class 10 WBBSE Notes
6. Current Electricity Class 10 WBBSE Notes
7. Atomic Nucleus Class 10 WBBSE Notes
8. Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter Class 10 WBBSE Notes
   • Chapter 8.1 Periodic Table and Periodicity of the Properties of Elements Class 10 WBBSE Notes
   • Chapter 8.2 Ionic and Covalent Bonding Class 10 WBBSE Notes
   • Chapter 8.3 Electricity and Chemical Reactions Class 10 WBBSE Notes
   • Chapter 8.4 Inorganic Chemistry in the Laboratory and in Industry Class 10 WBBSE Notes
   • Chapter 8.5 Metallurgy Class 10 WBBSE Notes
   • Chapter 8.6 Organic Chemistry Class 10 WBBSE Notes

WBBSE Class 10 Solutions

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science MCQ Questions in English Medium

• Chapter 1 Concerns About Our Environment Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 2 Behaviour of Gases Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 3 Chemical Calculations Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 4 Thermal Phenomena Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 5 Light Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 6 Current Electricity Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 7 Atomic Nucleus Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 8 Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• • Chapter 8.1 Periodic Table and Periodicity of the Properties of Elements Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.2 Ionic and Covalent Bonding Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.3 Electricity and Chemical Reactions Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.4 Inorganic Chemistry in the Laboratory and in Industry Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.5 Metallurgy Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.6 Organic Chemistry Class 10 WBBSE MCQ

WBBSE Class 10 Physical Science MCQ Questions in Hindi Medium

• Chapter 1 अपने पर्यावरण के प्रति अभिरुचि Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 2 गैसों का व्यवहार Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 3 रासायनिक परिकलन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 4 उष्मीय घटनायें Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 5 प्रकाश Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 6 धारा विद्युत Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 7 परमाणु नाभिक Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
• Chapter 8 पदार्थ के भौतिक और रासायनिक गुण Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.1 पदार्थ के भौतिक एवं रासायनिक गुण Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.2 रासायनिक बन्धन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.3 विद्युत एवं रासायनिक अभिक्रियाएँ Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.4 प्रयोगशाला एवं उद्योग में अकार्बनिक रसायन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.5 धातुकर्म Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
  • Chapter 8.6 कार्बनिक रसायन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ

WBBSE Class 10 Solutions

Ideas of History Class 10 WBBSE MCQ Questions

Multiple Choice Questions (Tick off the correct ones)

Question 1.
Of the following which describes the essentials of history?
a. Studies of man as a social being living in a particular geographical and natural environment.
b. Studies how man laid the foundation of civilization.
c. Records of the dates and events that took place in the passage of time.
d. Studies of man as he lives in society.
Answer:
d. Studies of man as he lives in society.

Question 2.
Of the following which is considered one of the ingredients of history?
a. Diplomatic strategies
b. Studies of plants
c. Studies of insects
d. Studies in planets
Answer:
Diplomatic strategies

Question 3.
Of the following who favoured looking at history from below ?
a. R.C. Majumder
b. J.N. Sarkar
c. Ranke
d. Ranajit Guha
Answer:
d. Ranajit Guha

Question 4.
During which of the following periods did appear the new trend in historical studies called ‘Social history’?
a. 70s of the nineteenth century
b. 20s of the twentieth century
c. 50s of the twentieth century
d. 60s of the twentieth century
Answer:
d. 60s of the twentieth century

Question 5.
Of the following who said that Bengal youth could get to heaven playing football ?
a. Professor Niharranjan Roy
b. Ramchandra Guha
c. Swami Vivekananda
d. Ashis Nandy
Answer:
c. Swami Vivekananda

Question 6.
Who authored the book on the history of sports entitled Twenty two Yards of Freedom?
a. Ramchandra Guha
b. Ashis Nandy
c. Dr. Boria Majumdar
d. Niharranjan Roy
Answer:
c. Dr. Boria Majumdar

Question 7.
Which of the following was the earliest text on the Bengali food habits?
a. The Vedas
b. Charyapada
c. The History of Bengal
d. None of the above
Answer:
b. Charyapada

Question 8.
Which of the following is the oldest preserved example of Indian music?
a. Rigueda
b. Natyashastra
c. Samaveda
d. Baul tradition
Answer:
c. Samaveda

Question 9.
The earliest music in Bengal was influenced by which of the following ?
a. Rabindrasangeet
b. Gitagovinda
c. Panchali gan
d. Chau Nritya
Answer:
b. Gitagovinda

Question 10.
Of the following who wrote his first play Anande Raho in 1882 ?
a. Girischandra Ghosh
b. Dasarathi Rai
c. Jogendra Gupta
d. Sridhar Kathak
Answer:
a. Girischandra Ghosh

Question 11
Which of the following is the most important ancient text on dance?
a. Sangitaratnakara
b. Natyashastra
c. Gaudiya Nritya
d. Chau Nritya
Answer:
b. Natyashastra

Question 12.
Of the following which the earliest available work on drama in Tamil ?
a. Kuttiyam
b. Tolkappiyam
c. Natyashastra
d. Meghadoota
Answer:
b. Tolkappiyam

Question 13.
Which of the following is regarded as the most elaborate treatise on ancient plays?
a. Kuttiyam
b. Tolkappiyam
c. Natyashastra
d. Abhijnana Sakumalam
Answer:
c. Natyashastra

Question 14.
Which of the following was the first Indian feature film ?
a. Pundalik
b. Harishchandra
c. Do Bigha Zamin
d. Hamraz
Answer:
b. Harishchandra

Question 15.
Of the following which was the only indigenous industry to emerge under colonialism ?
a. Steel
b. Tea
c. Cinema
d. Jute
Answer:
c. Cinema

Question 16.
Of the following which constitutes the earliest records for the history of clothing in India?
a. Indus Valley Civilization
b. Ramayana
c. Rigueda
d. Writings of Herodotus
Answer:
a. Indus Valley Civilization

Question 17.
Which of the following refers to the Paridhan as the garments in use in early India?
a. The Ramayana
b. The Mahabharata
c. The Rigueda
d. The writings of Kalidasa
Answer:
c. The Rigueda

Question 18.
Of the following who experimented with designs for a national dress for women of the country?
a. Sarala Devi
b. Jnanadanandini Devi
c. Priyadarshini Devi
d. Narayani Devi
Answer:
b. Jnanadanandini Devi

Question 19.
Of the following which was the common means of transport in early Bengal ?
a. Horse
b. Elephant
c. nauka
d. palki
Answer:
c. Nauka

Question 20.
Of the following which was very much in use in the 19th century Kolkata as a means of transportation?
a. Horse-driven carriages
b. Palanquins
c. Trucks
d. Elephant brigade
Answer:
b. Palanquins

Question 21.
Of the following which was the Buddhist text that was illuminated as a part of painting as a visual arts?
a. Kalighat paintings
b. Pahari drawings
c. Rajput paintings
d. Pancaraksha
Answer:
d. Pancarakaha

Question 22.
Of the following which was the centre of the Renaissance of modern Indian paintings?
a. Kolkata
b. Delhi
c. Bombay
d. Madras
Answer:
a. Kolkata

Question 23
Of the following who as the Principal of the Calcutta School of Art brought about fundamental changes of far-reaching consequences?
a. Nandalal Bose
b. Sorashi Kumar Saraswati
c. Ernest Binfield Havell
d. None of the above
Answer:
c. Ernest Binfield Havell

Question 24.
Of the following who came to be noted both for painting and open-air monumental sculpture?
a Rabindranath Tagore
b. Ramkinkar Beij
c. Binod Behari De
d. Jamini Roy
Answer:
b. Ramkinkar Beij

Question 25.
Which in the following years did camera arrive in Kolkata ?
a. 1830
b. 1820
c. 1840
d. 1850
Answer:
c. 1840

Question 26.
In which of the following the physical aspect of photography for readers was explained?
a. Janmabhumi
b. Silpapushpanjali
c. Silappadukaram
d. Matribhumi
Answer:
b. Silpapushpanjali

Question 27
Of the following the lady member of the Tagore family of Jorasanko who was devoted to the art of camera was :
a. Kumudini Devi
b. Mrinalini Devi
c. Jnanadanandini Devi
d. Pratima Devi
Answer:
c. Jnanadanandini Devi

Question 28.
Of the following who initiated the first X-ray unit of diagnosing diseases?
a. Dr. Ajit Kumar Sarkar
b. Dr.N.K. Munshi
c. Dr. P. Chatterjee
d Dr. Nilratan Sircar
Answer:
d. Dr. Nilratan Sircar

Question 29.
What is the name of the scholarly writing on architecture ?
a. History of Indian and Eastern Architecture
b. An Imperial Vision
c. Silpasashtra
d. The Making of a New Indian Art
Answer:
c. Silpasashtra

Question 30.
One example of the Bhanja style of Bengal is :
a. Calcutta Museum
b. Kali temple at Dakshineswar
c. Belur Math
d. Saheed Meenar
Answer:
b. Kali temple at Dakshineswar

Question 31.
Which of the following books on art of architecture chiefly in Bengal around twentieth century?
a. Silpashastra
b History of Indian and Eastern Architecture
c. The Making of a New Indian Art d An Imperial Vision
d. None of the above
Answer:
c. The Making of a New Indian Art

Question 32.
From which of the following originated the ‘bungalow’ architectural style?
a. Odisha
b. Bengal
c Tamilnadu
d. Bihar
Answer:
b. Bengal

Question 33.
Of the following who urged upon the students to undertake studies in local history in an address to the Calcutta University?
a Rabindranath Tagore
b. Asutosh Mukherjee
c. Jadunath Sarkar
d Ramesh Chandra Majumder
Answer:
a Rabindranath Tagore

Question 34.
Of the following who made a detailed study of medieval cities in India?
a. Narayani Gupta
b. Aniruddha Roy
c. Irfan Habib
d. Ranabir Chakravarti
Answer:
b Aniruddha Roy

Question 35.
In India where is found the earliest reference to army?
a. The Ramayana
b. The Mahabharata
c. The Vedas
d. The Puranas
Answer:
c. The Vedas

Question 36.
The pioneering work of reconstructing the local history of some of the areas of Bangladesh was done by :
a. Satischandra Ghosh
b. Dinabandhu Mitra
c. Satischandra Mitra
d. Nikhilnath Ghosh
Answer:
c. Satischandra Mitra

Question 37.
One of the outstanding work on the military history of India during the colonial period is :
a. Military History of India and South Asia
b. From Plassey to Independence
c. Military History of India
d. The Eighteenth Century in India
Answer:
a. Military History of India and South Asia

Question 38.
Of the following books mention the one that deals with environment :
a. Modernity at Large
b. The Corner of a Field
c. Hunting and Shooting
d. None of the above
Answer:
c. Hunting and shooting

Question 39.
Of the Following who pioneered the dissection of human body in the Calcutta Medical College?
a. Madhusudan Datta
b Madhusudan Bhattacharya
c. Madhusudan Gupta
d. Madhusudan Roy
Answer:
c. Madhusudan Gupta

Question 40.
The Bengali writer who seriously worked for the propagation of a modern scientific outlook was :
a. Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy
b Jagadish Chandra Bose
c. Arjun Appadorai
d. Akshay Kumar Datta
Answer:
d. Akshay Kumar Datta

Question 41.
Of the following who has done a lot of researches with regard to the position of women in India ?
a. Pritilata Waddedar
b. Bina Das
c. Sukumari Bhattacharya
d. Mridula Mukherjee
Ans :
c. Sukumari Bhattacharya

Question 42.
Which of the following is regarded as the primary source of reconstructing history?
a. History books
b. Diaries, speeches, etc.
c. Journals
d. Magazines
Answer:
b. Diaries, speeches, etc.

Question 43.
Which of the following is regarded as the secondary source of reconstructing history?
a. Diaries
b. Speeches
c. A History book
d. Letters
Answer:
c. A history book

Question 44.
Of the following who came to be popularly known as the “father of revolutionary thought’?
a. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
b. Bipin Chandra Pal
c. Bagha-jatin
d. Behari Charan Das
Answer:
b Bipin Chandra Pal

Question 45.
Which of the following autobiographies is immensely valuable for the historian of modern India?
a. Jibansmriti
b. Jibaner Jharapata
c. Sattar Batsar
d. Yogi
Answer:
c. Sattar Batsar

Question 46.
In which of the following there are valuable pen-pictures of the luminaries of the contemporary Bengal’s cultural sky?
a. Jibaner Jharapata
b. Jibansmriti
c. Sattar Batsar
d. Yogi
Answer:
b. Nibansmriti

Question 47.
Of the following which one may be described as the collection of reports and comments about current events published on a daily basis?
a. Journal
b. Magazine
c. Little-magazine
d. Newspaper
Answer:
d. Newspaper

Question 48.
About which of the following historian Ramesh Chandra Majumder commented to be the first literary journal of its kind in Bengal ?
a. Somprakash
b. Bangadarshan
c. Bangadut
d. Samachar-darpan
Answer:
b Bangadarshan

Question 49.
Which of the following introduced a new style of writing in journalism ?
a. Bangadarshan
b. Samachar-darpan
c. Somprakash
d. Bangadut
Answer:
c. Somprakash

Question 50.
Of the following which helped the process of acculturation in Bengali society?
a. Cinema
b. Drama
c. Music
d. Photography
Answer:
d. Photography

Tick off True or False

1. The English term ‘history’ is derived from the Roman word historia.
Answer: False

2. History is not a set of laws of generalizations.
Answer: True

3. Mere dates and years of political events are not history proper.
Answer: True

4. Thinker like Ranke gave a new turn to historical thinking in the early part of the twentieth century.
Answer: True

5. ‘Social History’ is also known as the ‘New Social History’.
Answer: True

6. Sports and games are the objects of national identity.
Answer: True

7. Boria Majumder’s book entitled Twenty-Two Yards of Freedom is a landmark dealing with social history of cricket.
Answer: True

8. Ramchandra Guha enriched the history of sports by writing a number of books on the subject.
Answer: True

9. Professor Niharranjan Roy has collected accounts of Indian food habits and cuisine from ancient texts such as Charyapada.
Answer: False

10. The Indian Food: A Historical Companion written by K.T. Achaya outlines varieties of cuisines that collectively may be called ‘Indian Food’.
Answer: True

11. The oldest preserved example of Indian music is to be found in Meghadoota written by poet Kalidas.
Answer: False

12. Presently Indian classical musical tradition has two distinctive styles, namely, Carnatic and Hindusthani.
Answer: True

13. The earliest music of Bengal was least influenced by the Vaishnava poetry.
Answer: False

14. The Ballad songs of Bengal, collectively called Panchali gaan, created history.
Answer: True

15. The Kuchipudi dance belongs to the Tamil region.
Answer: True

16. Natyashastra is an important ancient Sanskrit work on Indian dance.
Answer: True

17. The monumental treatise on music Sangitaratnakara includes a chapter on the traditions of Indian dance.
Answer: True

18. Chau Nritya is a special dance form of Odisha.
Answer: False

19. Bhasa belonging to 5th century BC is one of the celebrated playwrights in Sanskrit drama.
Answer: True

20. The one who revived the age-old drama tradition of India from extinction is Mani Madhava Chakyar.
Answer: True

21. Tolkappiar is the author of the Tamil work Tolkappyam which is a guide book for writing and acting out plays.
Answer: True

22. Thirumalai was an art critique.
Answer: True

23. Girishchandra Ghosh wrote his first play Natyashastra in 1882.
Answer: False
.
25. Cinema arrived in India almost at the same time as it did in the major European cities.
Answer: True

26. India is a unique case globally as it has the only major indigenous film industry to emerge under the colonial rule.
Answer: True

27. India has its own historiography of clothing that dates long ago.
Answer: True

28. The earliest evidence of clothing goes back to the period of Rigueda.
Answer: False

29. In the medieval Bengali epic like Manasamangal there is a reference to boats as a means of water-transport.
Answer: True

30. As Buddhists the Pala kings of Bengal used to illuminate Buddhist manuscripts which are the earliest specimens of paintings survived.
Answer: True

31. The oldest painting of Sri Chaitanya is survived at Kunjaghata in Murshidabad, West Bengal.
Answer: True

32. With the fundamental changes brought about by Ernest Binfield Havell began the Renaissance of modern Indian art.
Answer: True

33. A centre of painting was established at Shantiniketan when Nandalal Bose joined the Kala Bhawan there.
Answer: True

34. The earliest photographic institution in Kolkata was Messers Bourne and shepherd.
Answer: True

35. The Photographic Society of Bengal founded in 1856 had only Englishmen as its members.
Answer: false

36. There were no women photographers working professionally in contemporary Kolkata.
Answer: False

37. The first X-ray unit of diagonising diseases was initiated by Jagadish Chandra Bose.
Answer: False

38. The Indian architecture was born in the bosom of the country and had not been influenced by any external agency.
Answer: False

39. The Bhanja is a form of architecture that was practiced in Bengal.
Answer:  True

40. Local history as a micro level studies help to uncover historical episodes in a particular area.
Answer: True

41. A demographer is one who studies population statistics.
Answer: True

42. The influence of environment moulds the thought and dealings in life of the respective people.
Answer: True

43. Silent Spring written by Rachel Carson is a well documented book emphasizing the detrimental effects on the environment as a result of the indiscriminate use of pesticide.
Answer: False

44. The Unquiet Wood, a book on environment has been authored by Rangarajan.
Answer: False

45. The story of science, technology and medicine began in a humble manner in Bengal.
Answer: True

46. Serampore Press published a mathematical treatise called Ganit.
Answer : False

47. The Hindu College presently Presidency University. was founded in the year 1818 .
Answer: False

48. In Bengal, Ramendra Sundar Trivedi’s fame rests on his popular science essays.
Answer: True

49. Aluwalia’s Rethinking Boundaries of Femintsm and Internationalism is a significant study on women.
Answer: True

50. Speeches are considered the secondary source for the reconstruction history.
Answer: False

51. Memoir is a collection of memories that an individual writes about moments of his or her life.
Answer: True

52. Bipin Chandra Pal’s Sattar Batsar is a memoir.
Answer: True

53. Bipin Chandra Pal in his memoirs tells us how Surendranath Banerjee emerged as a national leader endowed with a great power of oratory.
Answer: True

54. Rabindranath started writing his first autobiography Fibansmriti around the age of 50
Answer: True

55. Fibansmriti reflects the environment of the country in which he was brought up.
Answer: True

56. Jibansmriti is a landmark in the autobiographical writings in Bengali as it is written in chaste Bengali prose, spiced often in a subtle sense of humour.
Answer: True

57. Sarala Devi Cahudhurani was the first feminist of modern Bengal. She was also the first political leader of modern times.
Answer: True

58. Sarala Devi Chaudhurani in her Jibaner Sharapata wrote that the improvement of health and physique of young girls was essential to the success of the national movement.
Answer: False

59. Letters from a Father to Her Daughter was written by Jawaharlal Nehru.
Answer:  True

60. Periodicals and newspapers are not important source of information for the reconstruction of events.
Answer: False

61. The editor of Bangadarshan was Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Answer: True

62. The Bangadarshan gave proof of its national consciousness when in 1882 it published articles on the wrongs done by the British administrators in India.
Answer: False

63. An important aspect of the print media newspapers, journals, etc. was that they made people conscious about the contemporary social problems.
Answer: True

64. The use and abuse of internet go together simultaneously.
Answer: True

Fill in the gaps by choosing the correct words

1. Eminent historian Bury said that History ………… is no less and no more. (arts/ science/ social science/ humanities)
Answer: Humanities

2. Historical studies are as variable as ………… itself. (history/ society/ human being/ nature)
Answer: Science

3. A new trend that appeared in the historical studies during the 60s of the twentieth century is called New ………… History. (political/ economic/ social/ environmental)
Answer: Social

4. Sports and games are the objects of national …………
Answer: Identity

5. Swami Vivekananda made the symbolic statement that Bengali youth could get to heaven playing …………
Answer: Football

6. Boria Majumdar’s book entitled Twenty-two Yards of Freedom is a landmark dealing with – history of cricket.
Answer: Social

7. Ramchandra Guha, a social historian, also enriched the domain of …………..
Answer: Sports

8. Food habits of a people is largely determined by – factors.
Answer: Climatic

9. Niharranjan Roy has collected accounts of Bengali food habits from ancient texts like …………..
Answer: Charyapada

10. The earliest music in Bengal was influenced by the Gitagovinda by …………..
Answer: Jaydeva

11. Bharata Muni was a sage of …………..
Answer: Tamilnadu

12. One of the most important ancient Sanskrit works on Indian classical dance is …………..
Answer: Natyashastra

13. Sangitaratnakara is a treatise that includes a chapter on Indian traditional …………..
Answer: Dance

14. Cinema arrived in India almost at the same time as it did in cities …………..
Answer: European

15. Objects, images, etc. are helpful to capture the lost history of Indian …………
Answer: Cinema

16. Statues and seals discovered from the sites of the Indus Valley Civilization are the source of knowledge for ………… used at that time.
Answer: Clothing

17. In Rigveda there is mention of garments known as …………
Answer: Paridhan

18. In the colonial period distinctive changes were noticeable in ………… pattern.
Answer: Dress

19. ……… and bullock carts were common means of transport in the early days.
Answer: Watercraft

20. The Palas of Bengal were Buddhists and as such they used to illuminate ………… manuscripts.
Answer: Buddhist

21. In the post-Pala period no ………… text has survived.
Answer: Illuminated

22. Ernest Benfield Havell was an author of many books on ………… arts.
Answer: Indian

23. Messers Bourne and Shepherd opened its studio in Kolkata and it had distinguished persons like ………… as its customers.
Answer: SriRamakrishnadeva

24. Shantiniketan became an important centre of art when ………… joined the Kala Bhawan there.
Answer: Nandalal Bose

25. Calcutta School of Industrial Arts, established in ………… started imparting instructions on photography.
Answer: 1854

26. There is reference to camera and photography in Rabindranath Tagore’s …………
Answer: Chokher Bali

27. Ramendra Sundar Trivedi’s essays on photography were serialized in the journal …….
Answer: Janmabhumi

28. ………… Devi was passionately devoted to the art of camera.
Answer: Jnanadanandini

29. ………… was pioneer in X-ray photography in the country.
Answer: Jagadish Chandra Bose

30. The origin of the ‘bungalow’ architectural style has its roots in …………
Answer: Bengal

31. The ………… of Kolkata is an example of the Bhanja style of architecture.
Answer: Dakshineswar Temple

32. As regards local history pioneering effort was ………… of Kumudnath Mallick.
Answer: Nadiya Kahini

33. ………… favoured the students to undertake studies in local history.
Answer: Rabindranath Tagore

34. The study made by Professor is a milestone in the urban history of India.
Answer: Narayani Gupta

35. The British started rebuilding the city of Kolkata after the Battle of –
Answer: Plassey

36. In the wake of global warming people are facing …………. hazard.
Answer: Environmental

37. John Mack’s book on chemistry in …………. was published from Serampore Press.
Answer: Bengali

38. A mathematical treatise called Ganit was published by the ……………………..
Answer: School Book Society

39. pioneered the dissection of human dead body.
Answer: Madhusudan Gupta

40. Jagadish Chandra Bose published his first book entitled Response in Living and Non-living from –
Answer: London

41. An important event of 1927 was the publication of U.N. Brahmachari’s research paper on –
Answer: Kala-azar

42. Real progress in science, technology and medicine began after ……….
Answer: 1947

43. Women in Modern India written by ……….. deals with women’s recent history.
Answer: Geraldine Forbes

44. Sattar Batsar is an autobiography written by ……………..
Answer: Bipin Chandra Pal

45. It is known from his autobiography that Rabindranath was groomed with a comprehensive mode of education comprising anatomy to –
Answer: Astronomy

46. ……………… was in close contact with the revolutionaries of Bengal.
Answer: Sarala Devi.

47. Periodicals and newspapers are important …………… of information.
Answer: Source

48. Bangadarshan was published from ………… in 1872.
Answer: Calcutta

49. Somprakash was first projected by ……………… and attained the foremost position among the Bengali newspapers.
Answer: Vidyasagar

Statement and Assertion

Question 1.
Statement: A new trend in historical studies appeared during the 60s of the twentieth century.
Assertion:
a. Economic history became a branch of study of history.
b. The new trend was called the New Social History.
c. Environmental studies became a part of the historical studies.
d. Annales aimed at devoting to the study of contemporary society and economics.
Answer:
b. A new trend was called the New Social History

Question 2.
Statement : Sports and games are the objects of national identity.
Assertion.
a. Vivekananda made the statement that Bengali youth could get to heaven playing football rather than reading Gita.
b. Ever since 1970s history of sports had caught on, and histories of sports came to be written.
c. When the Indian team had lifted the cup of victory playing against the British players in Calcutta, it was a great booster to the national spirit.
d. Books on cricket by Ramchandra Guha enriched the domain of sports by suggesting the possibility of opening international relations through cricket.
Answer:
c. When the Indian team had lifted the cup of victory playing against the British players in Calcutta, it was a great booster to the national spirit.

Question 3.
Statement : Music has been an integral part of India’s culture.
Assertion :
a. Bharata Muni classified musical instruments into five systems.
b. Bengali music was influenced by the Vaishnava poetry.
c. The melodies of the Samaveda are still sung in some Vedic sacrifices.
d. In the 19th century Bengali ballad songs created history.
Answer:
c. The melodies of the Samaveda are still sung in some Vedic sacrifices.

Question 4.
Statement : The historiography of dance exposes the important connection identity politics and the creation of classical dance.
Assertion :
a. Natyasashtra is an important ancient Sanskrit works.
b. Bengali dance forms have drawn heavily from the folk tradition.
c. Bharatnatyam is based on the treatise Natyasashtra.
d. The Kuchipudi dance creates and supports hegemonic version of the Telugu history.
Answer:
d. The Kuchipudi dance creates and supports hegemonic version of the Telugu history.

Question 5.
Statement : Drama or theatre historiography means study of the methodologies that determine how theatre history is written.
Assertion :
a. It is only recently that the theatre historians have paid attention to how theatre history is written.
b. Tolkappiyam is the earliest available Tamil drama available.
c. Generations of Indians have been influenced by the thoughts indicated in the Natyashastra.
d. Girishchandra Ghosh wrote his first play Anande Raho in 1882.
Answer:
a. It only recently that the theatre historians have paid attention to how theatre history is written.

Question 6.
Statement: In the historiography of Indian cinema none have tried to capture the lost history through objects, images, posters and artifacts.
Assertion:
a. Cinema arrived in India almost at the same time as it did in major European cities.
b. The question of Indian cinema in the background of colonialism and nationalism is a very complex one.
c. Dungarpur’s documentary entitled The Immortals unravels Indian cinema’s radiant past through images, posters, artifacts, etc.
d. Nationalist historians are reluctant to bestow Pundalik the honour of being the first Indian film.
Answer:
c. Dungarpur’s documentary entitled The Immortals unravels Indian cinema’s radiant past through images, posters, artifacts, etc.

Question 7.
Statement : History of clothing and fashion constitutes a large and sophisticated field of academic research.
Assertion :
a. India’s recorded history of clothing goes back to the period of Indus Valley Civilization.
b. The modern historiography of clothing is based across a series of academic spaces like social and economic history.
c. In Rigveda there is mention of garments known as Paridhan.
d. Present knowledge about the fashion and Indian clothing largely comes from the statues, sculpture and painting.
Answer:
The modern historiography of clothing is based across a series of academic spaces like social and economic history.

Question 8.
Statement : In ancient India elephants and horses were in use, both militarily and otherwise.
Assertion :
a. Palanquin was used as a means of transportation.
b. Bullock carts were used as a means of transportation.
c. Greek historians mentioned that the might of the Ganga kingdom consisted in the elephant brigade.
d. As a riverine country boat was the natural means of transportation.
Answer:
c. Greek historians mentioned that the might of the Ganga kingdom consisted in the elephant brigade.

Question 9.
Statement : Kolkata was the centre of the Renaissance of modern Indian painting.
Assertion :
a. Ernest Benfield Havell was an influential English art historian.
b. As the Principal of the Calcutta School of Art Havell brought fundamental changes in the curriculam of the institution.
c. Many of the graduates of the Calcutta Art School excelled as portrait painters.
d. A Handbook of Indian Art is one of the important books authored by Havell.
Answer:
c. Many of the graduates of the Calcutta Art School excelled as portrait painters.

Question 10.
Statement : The indigenous traditions of scholarly writing on architecture are embodied in the treatises called Shilpashastra.
Assertion :
a. Fergusson in his book revealed how India’s arts are more original and varied.
b. The British colonial architecture is discussed in detail by Art historian Metcalf.
c. The temple architecture of Bengal has a distinctive roofing style.
d. ‘Bungalow’ architectural style has its roots in Bengal.
Answer:
a. Fergusson in his book revealed how India’s arts are more original and varied.

Question 11.
Statement : Local history is an important area of socio-cultural studies.
Assertion :
a. Kumudnath Mallick’s Nadiya Kahini narrates the local history of Murshidabad.
b. Rabindranath Tagore urged upon the students to undertake local history.
c. Modern studies in history pay special attention to local history to unravel historical episodes.
d. Amanatullah’s History of Coochbehar deals with local history.
Answer:
c. Modern studies in history pay special attention to local history to unravel historical episodes.

Question 12.
Statement : The influence of environment moulds the thought and dealings in the life of the respective people.
Assertion :
a. In the wake of global warming people all the world over are facing environmental hazards.
b. People have become conscious about the detrimental effects of using pesticide indiscriminately.
c. Ramchandra Guha’s environmental studies are of particular importance.
d. Poetries of Rabindranath reveal the influence of landscape.
Answer:
b. People have become conscious about the detrimental effects of using pesticide indiscriminately.

Question 13.
Statement: The story of science, technology and medicine began in an humble way in Bengal.
Assertion :
a. It was not before 1824 that teaching of science began in the Hindu College.
b. Calcutta Medical College was founded in 1835 in Calcutta.
c. Madhusudan Gupta pioneered the dissection of human body.
d. In 1875 Bankim Chandra Chatterjee published his Bijnan Rahasya.
Answer:
a. It was not before 1824 that teaching of science began in the Hindu College.

Question 14.
Statement : The role of women in society has been studied by scholars of different branches of study.
Assertion :
a. As the cultivation was taken over by men women were debarred from tilling the ground.
b. The anthropologists accredited women with the discovery of agriculture.
c. Women take part in harvesting and other related activities.
d. Sukumari Bhattacharya has done a lot of researches with regard to the position of women in society.
Answer:
b. The anthropologists accredited women with the discovery of agriculture.

Question 15.
Statement : Sattar Batsar has documentary value from historical perspective.
Assertion :
a. Pal said that the songs in the Bengali drama staged in Kolkata rang the first stirrings of nationalist feelings.
b. According to Pal, patriotism was enunciated by the Hindu Mela founded by Jyotirindranath Tagore.
c. Pal tells how Surendranath emerged as a national leader.
d. In his youth Pal become a Brahmo activist under the guidance of Shivnath Shastri.
Answer:
b. Patriotism was enunciated by the Hindu Mela founded by Jyotirindranath Tagore.

Question 16.
Statement : Correspondences are important source of information for the reconstruction of the history.
Assertion :
a. In his Letters from a Father to his Daughter Nehru communicated to his daughter about the evolution of mankind.
b. Through the letters written to his daughter Nehru came closer to his daughter.
c. The bunch of letters communicated the essence behind the great Indian epics.
d. The letters of Nehru also leave room for further studies to the readers.
Answer:
a. In his Letters from a Father to his Daughter Nehru communicated to his daughter about the evolution of mankind.

Match List I with List II

Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (iii), (c) – (iv), (d) – (v), (e) – (i)

Question 2.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (iii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (i), (d) – (ii)

Question 3.
Match the following :

Answer :
(a) – (ii) (b) – (iii), (c)  – (iv), (d) – (i)

Question 4.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (iv), (c) – (i), (d) – (iii)

Question 5.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (ii),(b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 6.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (iv),(b) – (i), (c) – (ii), (d) – (iii)

Question 7.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (iv),(b) – (iii), (c) – (i), (d) – (ii)

Question 8.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (iv),(b) – (iii), (c) – (i), (d) – (ii)

Question 9.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (ii),(b) – (iii), (c) – (iv), (d) – (i)

Question 10.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (ii),(b) – (iii), (c) – (iv), (d) – (i)

Question 11.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (ii),(b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 12.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (ii),(b) – (iv), (c) – (i), (d) – (iii)

Question 13.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 14.
Match the following :

Answer:
(a) – (iv),(b) – (iii), (c) – (i), (d) – (ii)

Question 15.
Match the following:

Question 16.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (i), (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 17.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (ii),(b) – (iv), (c) – (i), (d) – (iii)

Question 18.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (iv),(b) – (ii), (c) – (i), (d) – (iii)

Question 19.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (i),  (c) – (iv), (d) – (iii)

Question 20.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (iv),  (c) – (i), (d) – (iii)

Question 21.
Match the following:

Answer:
(a) – (ii), (b) – (iii),  (c) – (iv), (d) – (i)

WBBSE Class 10 History MCQ Questions in English Medium

1. Ideas of History Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
2. Reform: Characteristics and Observations Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
3. Resistance and Rebellion Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
4. Early Stages of Collective Action Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
5. Alternative Ideas and Initiatives Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
6. Peasant, Working Class and Left Movements in 20th Century India Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
7. Movements Organized by Women, Students, and Marginal People in 20th Century India Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
8. Post Colonial India: Second Half of the 20th Century Class 10 WBBSE MCQ

WBBSE Class 10 History MCQ Questions in Hindi Medium

1. इतिहास की अवधारणा Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
2. सुधार, विशेषताएँ एवं निरीक्षण Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
3. प्रतिरोध और आन्दोलन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
4. संगठनात्मक क्रियाओं के प्रारम्भिक चरण Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
5. वैकल्पिक विचार एवं प्रयास Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
6. 20वीं शताब्दी में भारत के किसान, मजदूर वर्ग एवं वामपंथी आन्दोलन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
7. 20वीं शताब्दी में भारत में महिलाओं, छात्रों और अल्पसंख्यकों के द्वारा आंदोलन का संगठन Class 10 WBBSE MCQ
8. उत्तर-औपनिवेशिक भारत बीसवीं शताब्दी का द्वितीयार्द्ध Class 10 WBBSE MCQ

WBBSE Class 10 Solutions

WBBSE Class 10 History Question Paper 2022

Group A:

1. Choose the correct option: 20×1=20

Question 1.
Satyajit Roy was associated with :
a. History of Sports
b. Urban History
c. Women’s History
d. History of Performing Arts
Answer:
d. History of Performing Arts

Question 2.
Silk was invented in ancient :
a. India
b. Rome
c. Persia
d. China
Answer:
d. China

Question 3.
The city known as the ‘forbidden city’ is :
a. Lasha
b. Beijing
c. Rome
d. Constantinople
Answer:
a. Lasha

Question 4.
The periodical ‘Bangadarshan’ was a :
a. Weekly
b. Fortnightly
c. Monthly
d. Yearly
Answer:
c. Monthly

Question 5.
The drama ‘Nildarpan’ was printed at :
a. Nadiya
b. Dacca
c. Serampore
d. Calcutta
Answer:
d. Dacca

Question 6.
The person who managed the affairs of the Brahmo Samaj after Rammohan Roy was :
a. Akshoy Kumar Datta
b. Devendranath Tagore
c. Ramchandra Vidyavagish
d. Tarachand Chakrabarty
Answer:
b. Devendranath Tagore

Question 7.
The first Bengali newspaper owned by a Bengali was :
a. Samachar Darpan
b. Sambad Pravakar
c. Brahman Sebadhi
d. Bengal Gazette
Answer:
d. Bengal Gazette

Question 8.
The first Muslim graduate of the Calcutta University was :
a. Syed Amir Ali
b. Abdul Latif
c. Delwar Hossein Ahmed
d. Syed Ahmed
Answer:
c. Delwar Hossein Ahmed

Question 9.
A revolt organized by the Adivasi people against Colonial Forest Law was :
a. Sannyasi-Fakir Rebellion
b. Chuar Rebellion
c. Kol Rebellion
d. Rampa Revolt
Answer:
d. Rampa Revolt

Question 10.
The term ‘Sannyasi Revolt’ was first used by :
a. Vincent Smith
b. James Mill
c. Warren Hastings
d. Lord Cornwallis
Answer:
b. James Mill

Question 11.
The peasant rebellion which lasted for the longest period was :
a. Chuar Rebellion
b. Ferazi Movement
c. Sannyasi-Fakir Rebellion
d. Santhal Rebellion
Answer:
c. Sannyasi-Fakir Rebellion

Question 12.
Mir Nisar Ali was the leader of :
a. Wahabi Movement in Bengal
b. Farazi Movement
c. Sannyasi Fakir Rebellion
d. Indigo Revolt
Answer:
a. Wahabi Movement of Bengal

Question 13.
The person known as ‘Rashtraguru’ was :
a. Rammohan Roy
b. Rajnarain Bose
c. Nabagopal Mitra
d. Surendranath Banerjee
Answer:
d. Surendranath Banerjee

Question 14.
The Great Revolt 1857. was termed as ‘Peasant Revolt’ by :
a. Surendranath Sen
b. Ramesh Chandra Majumdar
c. Shashibhushan Choudhury
d. Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Answer:
c. Shashibhushan Choudhury

Question 15.
Anandamohan Bose was the of the Indian Association
a. Founder
b. President
c. Vice-President
d. Secretary
Answer:
d. Secretary

Question 16.
The ‘Bande Mataram’ song was composed by :
a. Rabindranath Tagore
b. Satyendranath Tagore
c. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
d. Swami Vivekananda
Answer:
c. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Question 17.
Jagadish Chandra Bose, founder of the Bose Institute, was the Professor of :
a. Mathematics
b. Chemisry
c. Physics
d. Botany
Answer:
Physicist also was a Botanist.

Question 18.
The Bengal Engineering College was founded in :
a. 1833 AD
b. 1856 AD
c. 1880 AD
d. 1903 AD
Answer:
d. 1903 AD

Question 19.
The first President of the National Council of Education was :
a. Rashbehari Ghosh
b. Aurobindo Ghosh
c. Taraknath Palit
d. Satish Chandra Mukhopadhyay
Answer:
a. Rashbehari Ghosh

Question 20.
Editor of the ‘Digdarshan’ was :
a. William Carey
b. Joshua Marshman
c. Felix Carey
d. John Clerk Marshman
Answer:
a. William Carey

Group B:

Answer the following questions (attempt one question from each Sub-group. In all answer 16 questions): 1×16=16

Answer each of the following questions in one sentence: 1×4=4

Question 1.
In which year was suspended publication of the Somprakash, temporarily?
Answer:
Publication of Somprakash was temporarily suspended in 1878.

Question 2.
Give an example of the colonial architecture of Calcutta.
Answer:
One of the many examples of the colonial architecture of Calcutta was the Indian Museum.

Question 3.
In which offence was convicted Rev. James Long ?
Answer:
Reverend James Long was prosecuted for allegedly publishing a defamatory statement that whatever he had presented in the play was ‘plain but true’.

Question 4.
Who composed the book ‘Vidyaharabali’?
Answer:
The first printed book in Bengal on Science ‘Vidyaharabali’ was published by Felix Carey who was a son of William Carey.

Identify which of the following is True or False: 1×4=4

1. In India, artillery was first used in the Battle of Plassey.
Answer: False

2. Mohan Bagan Club won the IFA shield in 1911.
Answer: True

3. The first groom to marry a widow was Shrischandra Nayaratna.
Answer: True

4. One of the secretaries of the Landholders’ Society was Prasanna Kumar Tagore.
Answer: True

Match Column ‘A’ with Column ‘B’ : 

Answer:
1 – b, 2 – d, 3 – a, 4 – c

On the given outline map of India, locate and label the following places:

1. A centre of the Indigo Revolt — Nadiya
Answer: See the Map attached

2. Area of Kol Rebellion — Chotonagpur
Answer: See the Map attached

3. A Centre of Great Revolt — Delhi
Answer: See the Map attached

4. A Centre of Great Revolt — Kanpur
Answer: See the Map attached

OR
(Only for Visually-Challenged Candidates)

Fill in the blanks : 1×4=4

1 ‘Hool’ means
Answer: Uprising or Rebellion

2. The drama ‘Nildarpan’ was composed by _____
Answer: Dinabandhu Mitra

3. The first Viceroy of India was _____
Answer: Lord Canning

4 The Serampore Mission Press was founded in _____ AD.
Answer: 1800 AD

Select the correct interpretation of the following sentences : 1×4=4

1. Statement: The Hindu College was founded in 1817 for the spread of western Education.
Interpretation 1: Only Hindu students were eligible for admission in this College.
Interpretation 2: Both Hindu and Brahmo students were eligible for admission in this College.
Interpretation 3: Students of all creed were eligible for admission in this College.
Answer:
Interpretation 3: Students of all creed were eligible for admission in this College.

2. Statement: The colonial government created a separate region called South West Frontier Agency for the Tribals.
Interpretation 1: It was created after the Chuar Rebellion.
Interpretation 2: It was created after the Kol Rebellion.
Interpretation 3: It was created after the Munda Rebellion.
Answer:
Interpretation 2: It was created after the Kol Rebellion.

3. Statement: Jagadish Chandra Bose founded the Bose Institute in 1917 AD.
Interpretation 1: It was founded for the development of Botanical research.
Interpretation 2: It was founded for the spread of scientific education.
Interpretation 3: It was founded for the development of scientific research.
Answer:
Interpretation 3: It was founded for the development of scientific research.

4. Statement: In the nineteenth century the publishers of Bengal depended on peddlers to sell their books.
Interpretation 1: Because book shops were very limite.
Interpretation 2: Because selling of books was regarded as a mean profession.
Interpretation 3: Because it was the cheapest and easiest way to reach prospective buyers.
Answer:
Interpretation 3: Because it was the cheapest and easiest way to reach prospective buyers.

Group C:

Answer the following questions in two or three sentences (any eleven) : 2x11x22

Question 1.
What is the importance of the study of Military History?
Answer:

• Studying the past military history enables to understand how the winners won the battles.
• The military history also points to the strength and weaknesses of the contending parties.
• The military history gives a direction how technological improvement, if any, was necessary in the defense arrangement in order to resist aggressors.
• Studying military history also helps to understand the overall impact of war on people’s day-to-day life.

Question 2.
What are the ‘Government documents’?
Answer:
Government documents may be described as the government orders, reports, written instructions given to the officials, diary entries of police, intelligence reports, etc. These are regarded as the primary source materials for the reconstruction of modern history. Use of government documents as source materials of history of the colonial period, however, requires impartial analysis.

Question 3.
Why was founded the School Book Society ?
Answer:
It was David Hare who was primarily responsible for founding the School Book Society in 1817 AD. The Society was founded with the objective of printing and publishing text-books in English and Bengali. The Society’s another objective was to distribute the books to the poor students at free of cost.

Question 4.
Why is Madhusudan Gupta remembered?
Answer:
Madhusudan Gupta is remembered as he was the first person to dissect a corpse (dead body of human being) at the Calcutta Medical College. This he had done disregarding the prevalent taboo amongst the Hindus concerning the pollution in touching human dead body.

Question 5.
Why is the ‘educational despatch’ of Lord Hardinge important ?
Answer:
After Lord Bentinck had promoted English education, Lord Hardinge, in 1844, gave further stimulus to the spread of English education in India. In fact, his linking up knowledge of English education with government employment by the ‘education despatch’ made English education more popular with Bengali middle class in particular.

Question 6.
What is meant by the ‘Bengal Renaissance’?
Answer:
The intellectual awakening of Bengal in the nineteenth century is commonly known as the ‘Bengal Renaissance’. The scholarly activities in the form of spread of western education and ideas, socio-religious reforms, diverse scientific enquiry, etc. made a new awakening in Bengal. The role played by Bengal in the modern awakening of India is comparable to the position of Italy in the story of the Italian Renaissance.

Question 7.
Why did the Ferazi movement fail ?
Answer:

• The Ferazi movement was unsuccessful primarily because the rebels had no political training.
• Secondly, the Ferazis could not come out of the narrow limits of religion.
• Thirdly, because of their religious fanaticism, the Ferazis were not liked by their brotherhood, the Wahabis. As a result of all this the Ferazi movement came to an end without achieving anything.

Question 8.
Why is Titumir remembered ?
Answer:

• Titumir is remembered as from the very beginning he had directed his energies organizing the peasants against the oppressive zamindars, money-lenders, indigoplanters, etc.
• More importantly Titumir is remembered because of his fight against the British soldiers from a hurriedly made fortress made of mud and bamboo (Banser Kella).
• Titumir’s fight against the colonial British government was a definite proof of the determination of the rural society to lodge protest against the oppressions of the agencies of the British.

Question 9.
Why did a section of the educated Bengali society oppose the Great Revolt (1857) ?
Answer:
A section of the educated Bengali society opposed the Great Revolt for a variety of reasons.

• Their apprehension was that with the success of the rebels would there be a restoration of the Mughal rule.
• The middle class Bengali intelligentsia who were against orthodoxy and fanaticism considered the rebel sepoys as the allies of social reaction. Thus they were opposed to the Revolt.

Question 10.
Why cartoons are drawn?
Answer:
Cartoons are drawn with the purpose of satirizing or ridiculing its subject. Presently, however, cartoons are drawn primarily conveying political commentary in newspapers, magazines and other print media.

Question 11.
Who was Nabagopal Mitra?
Answer:
It was Nabagopal Mitra who made the word ‘national’ popular among the educated people of Bengal. Nabagopal Mitra became famous as the founder of the ‘Jatiya Mela’, later on renamed ‘Hindu Mela’ in 1867. Nabagopal Mitra was the Assistant Secretary of the Hindu Mela while Gaganendranath Tagore was the Secretary.

Question 12.
Mention the role of Bankim Chandra in awakening nationalism in the nineteenth century Bengal.
Answer:
Bankim Chandra was the father of Indian nationalism. He composed the most popular and the greatest national song, Bande Mataram. His novel Anandamath was the Bible for the secret revolutionaries. Bankim Chandra was a jealous Hindu. But it will be untrue to say that he did not regard Indian Muslims as children of the same soil.

Question 13.
Why was founded the National Council of Education?
Answer:
The National Council of Education was set up in 1906 AD. The purpose of it was stated to be to organize a system of education on “national lines and national control.” To some nationalists the National Council of Education was to be an alternative to the Calcutta University which had been a centre of English education.

Question 14.
What is meant by the ‘Vidyasagar Font’?
Answer:
It is well-known that Iswarchandra Vidyasagar rationalized and simplified the Bengali alphabet. At the same time he is credited with introducing Bengali typeface (font) that simplified printing of Bengali manuscripts (documents written by hands).

Question 15.
What is the importance of the introduction of the linotype in the development of Bengali printing (press ?)
Answer:
Simply speaking linotype machine operators compose a line instead of the previous method of letter-by-letter typesetting. Importance of invention of the linotype made possible composing hand-written matters very fast. It is known that the linotype was first introduced in the Bengali press in Dhaka (capital of present Bangladeh) in 1935 by Surendranath Banerjee.

Question 16.
What is the contribution of Rabindranath in the spread of rural industry and vocational education?
Answer:
Through the establishment of centre for rural construction at Sriniketan in 1912 Rabindranath Tagore encouraged crafts and cottage industry. This included pottery, leather work, batik print, wooden work, etc. All this activities got an organizational framework in the name of Institute of Rural Reconstruction (IRR).

Group D:

Answer the following questions in seven or eight sentences each. Attempt at least two questions from each sub-group. Answer six questions in all. 4×6=24

Question 1.
What role did Raja Radhakanta Deb play in spreading women’s education in the nineteenth century Bengal ?
Answer:

• Raja Radhakanta Deb was a conservative to the core of his heart.
• Yet he had realized that without the education of women progress of society in Bengal would not be possible.
• In an attempt to educate Bengali women he himself established female schools. He also encouraged others who helped women education in any way.
• Radhakanta Deb founded the Calcutta Female Juvenile Society in 1819. Radhakanta Deb also encouraged Gaurmohan Vidyalankar who published books for study in the female schools.

Question 2.
Can Lord Macaulay be regarded as the introducer of Western education in this country?
Answer:

• Lord William Bentinck was in favour of introducing Western education in India. But he was unable to take a final decision in the matter because of the controversy of opinion in the official circle.
• Lord Macaulay, the Law Member of the GovernorGeneral’s Council, in his famous Educational Minute of 1835 recommended strongly for the introduction of English education in India through the medium of English.
• Armed with the support of Macaulay, Lord Bentinck finally announced the government decision to introduce English education through the medium of English amongst the natives of India.
• Thus it may be said that Macaulay was really the introducer of the Western education in India.

Question 3.
With what objectives did the colonial British government enact the Forest Laws ?
Answer:
The colonial British government of India established the imperial Forest Department in 1864. The very next year the first Forest Law was enacted. Following this a good number of Forest Acts were framed. The objectives of enacting the Forest Laws were as follows:

• The Forest laws in India were enacted as a part of the global control of resources of the colonies.
• Another purpose of enacting the Forest Laws was the acquisition of the forest areas of the country.
• Another purpose of enacting the Forest Laws was to ensure the supply of timber. Huge quantity of timber was required for laying the railway line as the British government started building network of railways in India in the 50 of the nineteenth century.

Question 4.
Analyse the role of newspapers in the Indigo Revolt.
Answer:
The Indigo Revolt was a mass upheaval unprecedented in the history of the country.

• The Indigo Revolt was the first of its kind that received the support of the Bengali middle class as also the support of the newspapers.
• Harishchandra Mukherjee, who was the editor of the ‘Hindu Patriot’ published articles describing the oppressions of the indigo planters that attracted attention of the British administration.
• Sisirkumar Ghosh in his ‘Amrita Bazar Patrika’ wrote vividly about the misery of the indigo cultivators.
• Somprakash, edited by Vidyasagar also stood by the side of the indigo cultivators.
• Besides, ‘Sambad Prabhakar’ and ‘Tatwabodhini Patrika’ also played important role in the Indigo Revolt.

Question 5.
Analyse the role of Hindu Mela in spreading nationalism.
Answer:
Prior to the emergence of political associations the idea of nationalism was preached by some educated individuals of Bengal.

• Rajnarain Bose was one of the few who started campaign to promote national feeling amongst the educated middle class of Bengal.
• A practical shape of Rajnarain’s idea, however, was given by Nabagopal Mitra through the publication of periodical ‘National Paper’ and organizing an annual gathering.
• The annual gathering named ‘Hindu Mela’ used to be organized every year on the last day of the Bengali year (Nabavarsha).
• In the Hindu Mela such entertainments were performed as singing of patriotic songs, recitation of Bengali poems, lectures, etc.
• The Hindu Mela had an all-India outlook as in the gathering a detailed review was made of the contemporary socio-economic, political and religious condition of India.

Question 6.
Analyse the nationalist ideas of Rabindranath as revealed in his novel ‘Gora’.
Answer:
Though not actively involved in politics Rabindranath did not remain indifferent to the contemporary politics either. In the novel Gora Rabindranath has referred to the inherent strength of the traditional religion. Gora, once a follower of the Brahmo Samaj suddenly became a practicing Brahmin.

This shift of Gora was because he felt that the conventional religion gave him a sense of belongingness to his land. The religious conversion of Gora came when he felt bad about the humiliation of his motherland by the British. The shift is noticeable – not the religion alone but the idea of a united nation that motivated him to go for Hinduism. Gora found the traditional customs and rituals as means of national unity.

Question 7.
What changes were introduced by the printing press in the sphere of education in Bengal ?
Answer:
During the 18-19 centuries people in India were largely illiterate and would remain so for many centuries. But some educated enlightened Indians and a small number of professional people who lived and worked in towns, however, felt the need of books. In India in the past, like many Western countries, copyists multiplied books by hand.

But with the introduction of printing text books of all sorts, English and vernacular, grammars, elementary books were published that catered to the needs of the people. In fact, printed books became a medium for the dissemination of knowledge. The elementary Bengali text book that deserves mention for the learning of Bengali language is that of Varna Parichay by Iswarchandra Vidyasagar.

Question 8.
Analyse the role of Gangakishore Bhattacharya in the development of printing press in Bengal.
Answer:
Ganga Kishore Bhattacharya was a versatile genius. He was a writer, editor, printer and publisher at the one and the same time. He is credited with publishing the first Bengali newspaper – Bengal Gazettie. Gangakishore was a prolific writer who wrote several books to fulfill the needs of the people.

He wrote A Grammar of English Language in simple Bengali for the benefit of students. Besides he wrote several books in Bengali on business and economics. He also wrote books on medicine and chemistry in Bengali. As an editor Gangakishore attempted to utilize the press for social reform.

Group E:

Answer any one question in fifteen or sixteen sentences : 8×1=8

Question 1.
Briefly describe the role of Ramakrishna in the religious reform movement of nineteenth century Bengal. (8)
Answer:
Ramakrishna Paramhansadeva of the temple of goddess Kali at Dakshineswar (near Kolkata) is a spiritual miracle. He appeared at a time when there was degeneracy of Hindus due to superstition and other socio-religious abuses.

i. Ramakrishna preached that all religions lead to the same goal. He said that in different names people worship the same God. Thus he concluded that all religions are valid and true.

ii. Ramakrishna found people quarrelling in the name of religion without realizing that He who is called Krishna is also called Siva and bears the name of Jesus and Allah as well. Thus the message of religious harmony or Sarva Dharma Samannay of Ramakrishna is first of all recognition of differences among religions.

iii. Ramakrishna further taught that all that a man can and should do is to try to serve a fellow man in a spirit of humility, for in serving a human being he serves God. It may thus be said that Ramakrishna gave a new dimension to Hindu religion.

Question 2.
What is the historical significance of the Sannyasi-Fakir rebellion? Why did the rebellion fail ? 5+3=8
Answer:
a. Significance : Historical significance of the Sannyasi and Fakir rebellion lay in the fact that they broke out in rebellion as the East India Company’s government imposed restrictions on their movement. Imposition of tax on the rent-free land that the Sannyasi and Fakirs had been enjoying was another issue that created resentment leading to the outbreak of rebellion. That the rebellion centred round the economic grievances is more than proved when the rebels attacked the government revenue-officials and houses of the money-lenders.

b. Failure : In short, the Sannyasi and Fakirs burst out in rebellion because of the oppressive measures of the officials of the East India Company. The rebellion was a failure as the rebels could not get their grievances redressed.

• Repressive measures of the British forced the rebels to surrender.
• The rebels could not give fight because of their lack of modern arms and ammunitions. They also lacked in leadership.
• Internal feud between Sannyasi and the Fakirs was another factor responsible for the failure of the rebels.

Question 3.
What is the importance of Halhed’s A Grammar of the Bengali Language? Analyse the role of Charles Wilkins in the development of printing in Bengali language ? 3+5=8
Answer:
amportance : Halhed was a scholarly person who came to Bengal as a civilian of the East India Company. In India he devoted himself to the study of the Bengali language. But the most important contribution of Halhed was his A Grammar of the Bengali Language published in 1778 AD.

The book was one of the earliest efforts to study the language in a scientific manner. The publication of the book made the beginning of an era in the history of Bengali language because it was connected with the history of printing in Bengali.

b. Charles Wilkins : The art of printing was introduced into the country by Sir Charles Wilkins. This was a revolutionary change. For, without the facility of printing, rapid development in Bengali language and culture was not possible. In course of the development of printing difficulty arose with Bengali font (type of one similar size), Charles Wilkins undertook the task of making Bengali font. The first Bengali press was set up at Hoogly and the work of creating the typeface (font) was done by Panchanan Karmakar uder the supervision of Wilkins.

Group F.

Answer the following in a single sentence (any four) : 1×4=4

Question 1.
In which year was published the ‘Bangadarshan’?
Answer:
‘Bangadarshan’ was published in the year 1872.

Question 2.
In which year was formed the Indigo Commission?
Answer:
The Indigo Commission was appointed in 1860.

Question 3.
In which year was founded the Hindu College ?
Answer:
The Hindu College was founded in 1817.

Question 4.
Which revolt was initiated at Bhagnadihi ?
Answer:
The Santal Hool or rebellion was primarily organized by a Santal family of the village Bhagnadihi in present Jharkhand.

Question 5.
Who painted the picture of ‘Bharatmata’?
Answer:
The picture of ‘Bharatmata’ was drawn by Abanindranath Tagore.

Question 6.
Who founded the ‘Bose Institute’?
Answer:
Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose was the founder of the Basu Bigyan Mandir, also known as the ‘Bose Institute’.

Answer the following questions in two or three sentences (any three): 2×6=6

Question 1.
Why is David Hare famous ?
Answer:
David Hare was one of the few Englishmen who devoted his energy to the welfare of the Indians. He was especially interested in the spread of Western education in India. It was largely due to his efforts that the Hindu College (later Presidency College) was opened in 1817.

Question 2.
What is meant by a ‘revolution’?
Answer:
Revolution brings about fundamental change. Drawing a comparison between rebellion and revolution it may be said that a rebellion takes place on local issues which does not aim at any fundamental change. Revolution on the other hand bring about changes that impacts the total system be it political, social or economic.

Question 3.
State two objectives of founding the Indian Association.
Answer:
Of the two objectives of the Indian Association one was the creation of a strong body of public opinion in India. Another objective of the Indian Association was to organize and express Indian public opinion on political questions that confronted the country. The Association was started by Surendranath Banerjee.

Question 4.
Why is Panchanan Karmakar remembered ?
Answer:
Panchanan Karmakar was the first to invent Bengali typeface for printing. In his effort he had been assisted by Wilkins. Panchanan Karmakar also developed a set of Devnagari script which was the first of its kind in India.

Question 5.
With what objectives was founded the ‘Sriniketan’?
Answer:
Sriniketan not far away from Shantiniketan was established in 1920 with the objective of rural development.
Specifically, its objectives were :

• To increase knowledge about the rural people.
• To encourage and help the rural people establishing cottage industry.
• To encourage rural people to adopt new indigenous technology.